DENTIFICATION OF CULTIVARS BY CART ANALYSIS IN WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.)

Abstract

An experiment was conducted at the Research Farm of the Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding of Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh during 2016-2017 to develop biometrical method based on some morphological traits for characterization of the selected wheat variety. Nine wheat varieties were used in the experiment and they were collected from Wheat Research Institute, Dinajpur. The experimental result demonstrated a wide variation among the nine cultivars in many morphological characters like 50% germination days, 50% heading days, plant height, number of tiller, internodes distance, flag leaf angle, length and breadth of flag leaf, awn length, number of spikelet per spike, maturity day, length and breadth of grain, yield per plant, 1000 grain weight etc. BARI GOM 26 requires comparatively less day and BARI GOM 27 requires more days for 50% heading than other cultivars. Among the cultivars BARI GOM 28, BARI GOM 29 and BARI GOM 30 are comparatively short (< 90 cm), others are medium sized (>90 cm). In BARI GOM 27 long internodes distance was found followed by BARI GOM 24 and BARI GOM 25 and short internodes distance was found in BARI GOM 29. Moreover, long awn exhibited in BARI GOM 24 and short in BARI GOM 22. BARI GOM 26 is late mature cultivar but BARI GOM 27 is early mature cultivar. BARI GOM 27 has narrow flag leaf than others. BARI GOM 28 show short spike length while BARI GOM 22, BARI GOM 26 and BARI GOM 30 show nearly same length of spike. The density of spikelet in the spike of BARI GOM 24 is more but in BARI GOM 28 less spikelet present than other cultivars. The number of grain per spike is presented in following order BARI GOM 22 >BARI GOM 26 > BARI GOM 24 > BARI GOM 28 > BARI GOM 29 > BARI GOM 27 > BARI GOM 25 > BARI GOM 30. Moreover, differentiation present in the grain size of the cultivars. BARI GOM 25 is large sized in length and breadth but the grain of BARI GOM 27 is comparatively small sized. BARI GOM 22, BARI GOM 23, BARI GOM 24, BARI GOM 25 and BARI GOM 26 are classified which have <7.5 mm length of grain. The 1000 grain weight of BARI GOM 24 is more than other cultivars and comparatively less in BARI GOM 22 and BARI GOM 27. BARI GOM 24 can be identified which height is >90cm, breath of flag leaf is > 1.2 cm, spike length is>10 cm and yield per plant is > 20.196 g. Based on these variation, a classification and regression tree (CART) has been developed to identify the wheat cultivar easily.