RAPID GENOMIC DNA EXTRACTION IN BULB CROPS AND ESTIMATION OF GENETIC DIVERSITY IN GARLIC (Allium sativumL.) USING RAPD MARKER

Abstract

An experiment was carried out in Biotechnology Laboratory of the Department of Biotechnology, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University (SAU), Dhaka, Bangladesh to develop low cost and rapid genomic DNA isolation technique and to study the DNA fingerprinting and genetic diversity of nine garlic genotypes. Conventional CTAB/SDS method of DNA extraction required more time and cost. In contrast, the newly developed method to low cost and very fast method for extraction of genomic DNA in bulb crops. The garlic germplasms were BARI-G1, GC001, GC008, GC0012, GC0013, GC0017, GC0024, GC0027 and GC0028. Genomic DNA was extracted in both methods to perform PCR reaction with seven RAPD primers. Sum of 53 distinct and differential amplified DNA bands were generated from PCR amplification. Out of them, 40 bands (75.88%) were polymorphic and 13 bands (24.12%) were monomorphic. The Nei’s genetic identity among 9 garlic genotypes ranged from 0.8053 to 0.9966 and genetic distance ranged from 0.0053 to 0.2166. The UPGMA Dendrogram segregated the 9 garlic genotypes into two main clusters. The first cluster contained 1 genotypes and the second cluster had 8 genotypes. The Dendrogram also indicated that BARI-G1 vs GC0027 varietal pair showed highest Nei’s genetic distance (0.2166) and GC0012 vs GC0017 varietal pair showed lowest genetic distance (0.0053). The study revealed a significant amount of relationship and genetic diversity among the studied 9 garlic genotypes. The RAPD markers were found to be useful tool for molecular characterization and polymorphism study in garlic genotypes.