PREVALENCE AND POSTMORTEM STUDY OF NEWCASTLE DISEASE IN POULTRY AT UPAZILA GOVERNMENT VETERINARY HOSPITAL, NARSINGDI

Abstract

A study was conducted at Upazila Govt. Veterinary Hospital, Narsingdi Sadar, Bangladesh during the period of 17 February to 28 April 2022. The study's objectives included determining the prevalence of different poultry diseases and analyzing the prevalence of Newcastle disease (ND) in chicken, duck and pigeon at Narsingdi Sadar upazila, as well as assessing the prevalence of gross lesions in different internal organs by postmortem examinations. A total of 615 sick or dead bird cases were registered for disease diagnosis and treatment. The diseases were diagnosed based on clinical history, physical and postmortem examination. Among 615 number of cases, 16 different types of diseases were diagnosed. The common clinical symptoms included respiratory distress, torticollis, drowsiness, greenish diarrhea, and paralysis of the neck and wings were considered to diagnose Newcastle disease before postmortem examination. Newcastle disease was identified in highest 217 (35.3%) cases where the lowest 2 (0.3%) cases were identified as Infectious bronchitis. In chickens, pigeons and ducks, the estimated prevalence of Newcastle disease was 36.4%, 32.5%, and 20%, respectively. The prevalence of Newcastle disease in birds ranged from 25 to 37.5% in less than 3 months old, 9.1 to 33.3% in between 3 and 4 months old, and 0-53.6% in above 4 months old. Newcastle disease affects unvaccinated birds more than the vaccinated birds and the differences were statistically significant. In postmortem, haemorrhagic caecal tonsils and haemorrhage in tip of the gland of proventiculus are found in maximum Newcastle disease affected birds with greater percentage 86.6% and 79.7% respectively.