IN VITRO PROPAGATION OF GARLIC (Allium sativum L.)

Abstract

The research work was conducted in the Laboratory of Biotechnology of the Department of Biotechnology, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, from the period of July 2015 to June, 2016 to observe the response of different plant growth regulators on in vitro regeneration of garlic. The disease free, healthy and sterilized basal part of clove of 2-3 cm length were used as explants. Sterilization was done with 70% ethanol, 0.5% HgCl 2 along with few drops of Tween-20. Explants were placed in MS medium supplemented with the Kinetin (KIN), alone and in combination with 2, 4-Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2, 4-D). The highest shoot regeneration percentage (100%) was observed by 3.0 mg/L of KIN alone and by wide range of KIN in combination with 2, 4-D (i.e. all combination of 2.5, 3.0 mg/L KIN with 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 mg/L 2, 4-D) . The highest shoot length (34.50 cm) was observed after 3 weeks of initiation in 3.0 mg/L KIN treatment. Combined doses of KIN and 2, 4-D showed 1 shoot after 3 weeks of initiation. Number of leaves did not exceed 3 and it was noticed through all combination of 2.0, 2.5, 3.0 mg/L KIN with 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 mg/L of 2, 4-D. The highest root induction (100%) was observed by 2.5 mg/L KIN + (1.0, 1.5) mg/L 2, 4-D. It took minimum 3 days to induce root. The average and the highest length of root (3.5 cm and 2.93 cm respectively) was noticed by application of 3 mg/L KIN and 1.0 mg/L 2, 4-D. Maximum number of roots (10.67) were developed by 3.0 mg/L KIN+ 1.5 mg/L 2, 4-D. After transferring the plantlets in the field condition, 86% survival plants were recorded. Finally, in vitro regeneration of garlic was proved to be less time consuming. Moderate doses of hormones showed satisfactory responses in shoot proliferation and root induction which made the tool cost effective as well.