STUDY OF RISK FACTOR ANALYSIS OF URINARY TRACT INFECTION IN FEMALE PATIENT ATTENDING CHATTOGRAM MEDICAL COLLEGE HOSPITAL

Abstract

Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) is a common contagion among men and women with the incidence relatively higher among women due to their differing anatomy. An understanding of the risk factors implicated in UTIs may help the policy makers and public health professionals to take preventive measures. There may be variation in the risk factors distribution among different geographical location and between different populations. This study aimed to investigate the distribution of different socioeconomic, behavioral, and clinical risk factors of UTI among female patients with UTI attended a tertiary hospital of Chattogram, Bangladesh. This descriptive cross-sectional study included conveniently selected 96 females with a laboratory confirmed UTI from the outpatient Department of Medicine and Department of Gynae & Obstetrics of Chattogram Medical College Hospital from May 2021 to 31st October 2021. Data regarding demographic, socioeconomic characteristics, behavioral and clinical features were collected with a structured case record form. Descriptive statistics were used for the results. Age ranged between 18-70 years and the most frequent age group was 21-30 years with 32 (33.3%) participants. Thirty (31.3%) women were in postmenopausal state and 50 (52.1%) were pregnant. The most common co morbid condition was diabetes mellitus reported by 13 (13.5%) patients. Amongst ABO blood group system, the most common group was B +ve (31.0%) followed by, O+ve (30.5%), A +ve (19.8%), and AB+ve (16.6%). Most of the women had symptomatic UTI (86.5%). The most common urinary symptom presented was burning micturition (75.9%) followed by frequency (39.8%), urgency (30.1%), painful voiding (28.9%), difficulty (4.8%), and nocturnal incontinence (1.2%). Majority of the patients had bacteriuria (92.7%). Most of the women (83.3%) reported to drink 1.0-3.0 liter of water daily. Seventy-five (78.1%) of the women reported to drink caffeinated beverage daily. Thirty-five (36.5%), and 33 (34.4%) of the women, respectively reported to have sexual activity <1/week and ≥1/week. Twenty-one (21.9%) have recurrent episode and 76.2% of them did not comply the previous prescription completely. Out of 96 females with UTI, Most common Risk Factor was infrequent voiding 42 (43.8%) followed by Unhealthy Sexual Practice 20 (20.9%), Diabetes Mellitus 13 (13.5%), Residual Urine due to Incomplete voiding 12 (12.5%), Inadequate water Intake 5 (5.2%), Maltreatment 4 (4.2%).