Diagnosis of Brucellosis at Satkania, Chattogram

Abstract

Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease of great animal welfare and economic implications worldwide known since ancient times. The emergence of brucellosis in new areas as well as transmission of brucellosis from wild and domestic animals is of great significance in terms of new epidemiological dimensions. Brucellosis poses a major public health threat by the consumption of non-pasteurized milk and milk products produced by unhygienic dairy farms. Regular and meticulous surveillance is essentially required to determine the true picture of brucellosis especially in areas with continuous high prevalence. Additionally, international migration of humans, animals and trade of animal products has created a challenge for disease spread and diagnosis in non-endemic areas. Isolation and identification remains the gold standard test, which requires expertise. The advancement in diagnostic strategies coupled with screening of newly introduced animals is warranted to control the disease. One Health approach can aid in control of this disease, both in animals and man. Several serological tests, viz., RBPT, standard tube agglutination test (SAT), immune capture agglutination, CFT, milk ring, Coombs test, ELISA and lateral flow assay (LFA) are frequently employed to diagnose brucellosis.