DETERMINATION OF BIOCHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS OF TWO INDIGENOUS VEGETABLES OF BANGLADESH

Abstract

An experiment was conducted at the laboratory of Horticulture and Food and Process Engineering, HSTU, Dinajpur during 2019-2020 to determine the biochemical constituents of two indigenous vegetables namely, Dheki shak (Diplazium esculentum) and Gima shak (Glinus oppositifolius). The single factor experiment was laid out in the Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five replications. The plant samples were collected from the campus, HSTU. In this experiment 19 parameters studied were: vitamin-C, protein, total sugar, reducing sugar, non-reducing sugar, total polyphenol, flavonoid, flavonol, antioxidant capacity, chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b, Zn, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ca, Mg, K and P for two samples. Methanolic extracts of two plant samples were used for analyzing biochemical properties while dry-acid digestion used for mineral content. In this investigation vitamin-C, reducing sugar, flavonoid, Zn and Cu were not significantly (p≤0.05) differ between Dheki shak and Gima shak but other parameters were significantly different (p ≤0.05).The Gima shak contained higher amount of total sugar (20.36 mg/ 100 g fw), non-reducing sugar (9.18 mg/ 100 g fw), protein (0.89 g/100 g fw), chlorophyll-a (2.24 mg/100 g fw), chlorophyll-b (1.27 mg/100 g fw), flavonol (30.11 µg QE/100 g fw), antioxidant activity 84.85 % and good source of iron (462.05 mg/kg dw), manganese (44.58 mg/kg dw), calcium (63.57 mg/kg dw) compared to Dheki shak. The Dheki shak contained higher amount of total polyphenol (621.79 mg of GAE/100 g fw), magnesium (28.22 mg/kg dw), potassium (845.75 mg/kg dw) and phosphorus (8098.21 mg/kg dw) compare to the Gima shak. Comparing the two indigenous vegetables, Gima shak was found to be riched in most of the biochemical constituents while Dheki shak was riched mostly in minerals and total polyphenols. The results from the study showed that these vegetables are a potential source of nutrients and bioactive phytochemical which could contribute to eradicate the malnutrition and hidden hunger problems of poor and marginal rural people.