Design and Development of IoT-Integrated Medical Devices for Real-Time Clinical Monitoring

Abstract

Reliable and affordable clinical monitoring remains a major challenge in low- and middle-income countries, where hospitals often face shortages of equipment, unstable

power, and fragmented digital infrastructures. This thesis presents an integrated IoT- enabled biomedical system that addresses these gaps through three complementary com- ponents: a rapidly deployable phototherapy device for neonatal jaundice, a wearable vital

sign monitoring platform for continuous measurement of temperature, ECG, pulse rate,

and SpO2, and a scalable Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) framework that unifies de- vice data into a single operational environment. The phototherapy device provides stable

irradiance, modular battery-backed operation, and remote status reporting. The vital sign monitor enables long-duration physiological sensing supported by bedside and cloud dashboards. The IoMT platform incorporates MQTT-based data ingestion, Node-RED edge processing, hybrid MySQL–MongoDB storage, and automated WhatsApp alerts to clinicians. System evaluations demonstrate sub-second latency, reliable data delivery, and improved response times in simulated clinical conditions. Together, these contribu- tions form a cohesive, low-cost, and scalable biomedical ecosystem designed for resource- constrained healthcare settings.