Decoding the role of uncharacterized Helicobacter Pylori proteins on differentially expressed genes in GC Pathogenesis

Abstract

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most frequent and deadly cancers worldwide. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), a GC-associated bacterium, is critical to gastric pathogenesis. However, the specific molecular mechanisms remain partially understood. Here, we analyze 8 samples of GC transcriptomics of Homo sapiens and 107 samples of the whole genome of H. pylori to discover any potential connections between uncharacterized proteins and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in GC. We identified 11 hypothetical proteins (HPs) that possess potential pathogenic features. Later, microarray analysis revealed 381 DEGs. Subsequently, the genes CXCL8, ICAM1, and CXCR2 were identified as hub genes, recognized for their crucial role in inflammatory pathways in GC. Three HPs of H. pylori, MLLMICFO_00840, CHOJIKGH_00797, and CHKOBBCO_01290, showed strong interactions with hub genes ICAM1, LFA-1, and CXCL8 from the host. The results demonstrate the robust stability and dynamic behavior of these protein complexes, indicating their possible involvement in regulating immunological responses and contributing to the development of GC. This work reveals the linkages between H. pylori and host genes in GC and identifies potential proteins that could serve as indicators or targets for therapy.