EFFECT OF BION, AMISTAR AND VITAVAX ON SOME FUNGAL DISEASES OF PEANUT

Abstract

Effect of seed treatment with Bien (Benzothiadiazole), Amistar (azoxystrobin) and Vitavax-200 (Carboxin) on germination, prevalence of seed borne fungi, seedling mortality, tikka disease of peanut var. Dhaka 1 and Jhinga badam were investigated in the laboratory and field laboratory, Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period of July 2002 to May 2003. Seed health test by blotter method revealed that the seeds of peanut var. Dhaka I yielded Aspergillus niger (19.0%), A. flavus (18%), Sclerotium 1"0[(sii(2.33%), Fusarium spp. (5.0%), Rhizoctonia solani (2%), Macrophomina phase a/ina (3.0%) and Penicillium spp. (1.67%) and seeds of Jhinga badam yielded Aspergillus niger(19.3%) A. flavus (12.33%), S. rofsii (0.67%), Fusarium spp. (2.67%), R. solani (2.33%), M. phaseolina (3.33%) and Penicillium spp. (2.0%). Seed treatment with Bion (0.005% and 0.01 %), Amistar (0.05% and 0.1 %) and Vitavax-200 (0.3% of seed weight) reduced prevalence of seed borne fungi on blotter. Amistar and Vitavax-200 showed best performance in controlling seed borne fungi. Bion (0.01%), Amistar (0.05%) and Vitavax-200 (0.3% of seed weight) completely inhibited the prevalence of seed borne Sclerotium and Fusarium of peanut var. Dhaka 1 and Jhinga badam. Moreover, Amistar (0.1%) and Vitavax-200 (0.3% of seed weight) strongly inhibited the prevalence of seed borne Rhizoctonia solani, Macrophomina phaseolina and Penicillium spp. Challenge test with Aspergillus niger showed that none of the tested chemicals had the ability to protect crown rot (Aspergillus niger) of peanut, whereas Vitavax-200 exerted best performance to control Sclerotium rolfsii and increased germination and decreased post emergence seedling mortality. Amistar showed better performance to control Fusarium oxysporum and increased germination and decreased post emergence death of seedlings. Vitavax-200 gave better performance and increased germination and decreased post emergence mortality in both the peanut varieties under field condition. Bion showed better performance regarding tikka disease (Cercospora arachidicola and Cercosporidium personatum) in reducing number of diseased leaflets /plant and incidence of leaf infection at first counting (110 days after sowing). Amistar were found to be effective to reduce number of diseased leaflets/ plant, percent leaf infection and percent leaf area diseased. Bion increased pod yield/plant and kernal yield/plant of peanut var. Dhaka ] and Jhinga badam by upto 27.06% and 32.33%, whereas Amistar 69.1% and 90.41% and Vitavax- 200, 39.47% and 52.36% over control, respectively.