A review on prevalence and antimicrobial resistance in salmonella enteritidis and salmonella typhimurium in poultry

Abstract

Salmonellosis poses an enduring global challenge, contributing significantly to foodborne illnesses and economic burdens. This review focused on the prevalence of Salmonella serovars Enteritidis and Typhimurium in poultry populations, their role as foodborne pathogens, and the complexities of antimicrobial resistance. Additionally, it explored the influence of climate change on Salmonella prevalence in poultry environments as increasing temperature and rainfall elevate the growth, spread and transmission of its serovars. Underscoring Salmonella's omnipresence is its importance in infectious gastroenteritis. While often linked to contaminated food, the review shed light on the potential for infection through contact with animals, especially live poultry, revealing intricate transmission dynamics within poultry populations. The substantial economic impact of salmonellosis in various countries was discussed, emphasizing its global significance. Notable attention was given to Salmonella Enteritidis and Salmonella Typhimurium due to their adaptability to avian hosts and status as zoonotic pathogens, which contribute significantly to foodborne outbreaks. Additionally, the emergence of antimicrobial resistance in these serovars put complexity on infection management. Notable resistance patterns in these serovars in poultry from around the world were discussed as it is matter of concern in every aspect. Comprehensive, collaborative efforts were highlighted, aiming to mitigate the risks associated with these serovars through effective strategies in poultry management and public health because continued surveillance and research are deemed vital in the ongoing battle against salmonellosis.