A Study on Available Risk factors and Complications associated with Type 2 diabetes mellitus among the patients of Chattogram Diabetic General Hospital

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a category of metabolic illnesses characterized by hyperglycemia that is caused by inadequate insulin synthesis or a lack of insulin response. In order to prevent diabetes in the general population, people must be aware of risk factors. The present study investigates the level of awareness of the risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and it determines among visitors at a tertiary care hospital. Methods: Under an observational, cross-sectional design, 400 diabetic respondents, aged 45-90 years, were conveniently selected from the out-patient and indoor departments of Chattogram Diabetic General Hospital from December 2021 to June 2022. A pretested, semi-structured questionnaire was developed to assess the knowledge and attitude of the respondents. The analysis was carried out by using descriptive statistics with the help of SPSS (Statistical package for social science) version 20 windows software program. Results: Among 400 participants, females had a higher chance to develop type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) than males. Male is common in businessmen (24%) and females are common in housewives (44%) who developed type 2 diabetes mellitus (P=0.00). The female had a higher chance to develop type 2 diabetes mellitus due to being overweight (P = 0.00). In this study, males, and females who had less physical activity, had more of a chance to develop type 2 DM. Between males and females, females had more chances to develop type 2 DM due to less physical activity (P = 0.00). Positive family history leads to type 2 DM and it is common in females (P = 0.00). In this study males and females who take more carbohydrates had more chance to develop type 2 DM (P = 0.05). Conclusions: This study will help to identify modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors of type 2 DM. By modifying lifestyle type 2 DM can be prevented and early diagnosis and properly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus can prevent early complications, which cause many sufferings and may cause death.