EFFECT OF FERTILIZER AND MANURE APPLICATION ON YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS OF RICE AND LEACHING LOSS OF NUTRIENTS THROUGH UNDISTRUBED SOIL COLUMNS

Abstract

The experiment was conducted in a net house of Soil Science Department at Sher-e- l3angla Agricultural University. Dhaka. Bangladesh during the period from July 2011 to April 2012 to study the effect of fertilizer and manure application on yield and yield components of rice and leaching toss of nutrients through undisturbed soil columns. The experiment consists of 2 factors i. e. soils and fertilizer plus manure. Two levels of soils (S1 = SAU Soil and L. it) r a r y S2= Sonargaon Soil) with 4 levels of fertilizer plus manure, as Control, T1 : 100% N120 P20K45 S20 (Recommended dose). 12: 50% NPKS + 5 ton cowdung/ha, 13 : 50% NPKS + 2.1 ton poultry manure/ha. were imposed during T.Aman and boro rice season. T. Aman (BR! 1) and Boro rice (BRRI dhan29) were grown in the soil cores and fertilizer and manure treatments were applied to the soils. There were 8 treatment combinations and 3 replications. Results revealed that soil had no significant effect on the yield and yield parameters. The yield contributing characters and yields were significantly affected by fertilizer and manure application. During T.Anian season, the highest effective tillers/core (17.00), plant height (105.57 cm), panicle length (23.70 cm), grain yield (0.046 kg/core) and straw yield (0.053 kg/core) were found from T 1 (R1)CF) treatment. The highest 1000 grain wt. (23.70 g) was obtained from T 2 and filled grain/panicle (121.83 ) from T 3 treatment and the lowest in To treatment. The highest grain yields was found by the application of Recommended dose of chemical fertilizer which was statically similar to T 3 treatment. The combined effects of soil and fertilizer were not significant but the highest grain (0.049 kg/core) and straw yields (0.056 kg/core) were recorded from S2T1 (Sonargaon Soil + 100% NPKS) and the lowest (0.010 kg/core) from S 1 T0 (SAU Soil) treatment combination. Leachate samples were collected at 25. 35, 45, 55. 65 and 75 days after transplantation of T. Aman rice and analyzed for N, P. K and S by using standard analytical method. The N concentration in the leachate during varied significantly with different soil, fertilizer treatment and time. The higher N concentrations were found in the leachate of SAU (5,) soil compared to Sonargaon soil. Higher leachate K concentrations were found in Sonargaon soil compared to SAU soil. Among the fertilizer treatments, significantly higher concentrations of K were found in the leachate of 100% chemical fertilizer treatment compared to other. 1-ligher S concentrations were found in the leachate of SAU soil compared to Sonargaon soil. The l3oro rice grain nutrient concentrations were significantly affected by the application of fertilizer and manure. The highest concentrations of grain N (1.205%). p (0.261%), K (0.296%) were recorded from 12 and concentration of S (0.125%) was highest from T treatment and lowest from To treatment. The higher nutrient concentrations were recorded in S 1 T3. S,T 2 5212. 5211, treatment combination. After harvest of J3oro rice, the post-harvest soil samples were collected from the soil cores up to 20 cm depth at 10 cm intervals. Similarly. highest grain and straw yields of horo rice were obtained from T 1 treatment which was statically and T3 treatment. The levels of pH and nutrient concentration were increased in the post harvest soils where manure plus inorganic fertilizer were used.