Study and Analysis of Protocols of Wireless Sensor Network

Abstract

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) consist of a large number of sensor nodes that are densely deployed in a region of interest to collect data about a target or event, and to provide a variety of sensing and monitoring applications. Efficient design and implementation of wireless sensor networks has become a hot area of research in recent years, due to the vast potential of sensor networks to enable applications that connect the physical world to the virtual world. There are many characteristics which differ wireless network from wired network and these distinctions introduce the need for many different protocols of WSN at different layers i.e. Physical layer, Data Link layer, Network layer, Transport layer, Application layer. Many research works have been done on the design of low power electronic devices in order to reduce energy consumption of the sensor nodes of Wireless network. MAC protocol of Data Link layer; LEACH, DSDV, AODV, DSR of Network Layer and the standard IEEE 802.15.4 contribute to this factor in various ways. The uses, drawbacks, performance analysis and also comparison between separate MAC protocols as well as comparison between DSDV, AODV and DSR protocols are discussed in detail throughout this paper.