Toxicological evaluation of Rubia cordifolia root extract on liver function in rat model

Abstract

R. cordifolia Linn., recognized for its extensive medicinal applications, contains a variety of bioactive compounds, yet its safety profile remains inadequately explored. This study investigates the toxicological effects of Rubia cordifolia Linn. (Manjistha) on liver function in male white albino (Sprague-Dawley) rats. The study was conducted for 28 days. The rats were divided into three groups: the control group was given 0.5 ml of water, the treated groups were given a at low dose (150 mg/kg) (T1), and a high dose (1500 mg/kg) (T2). Their biochemical analyses were done to evaluate the liver function, and after euthanasia, liver histopathological assessments were done. The results indicated significantly low deterioration in liver function markers (aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bilirubin, and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT)) in both low (150 mg/kg) and high (1500 mg/kg) dose groups compared to controls. Histopathological evaluations revealed minor lymphocytic infiltration in high-dose groups without substantial liver damage, supporting the notion of R. cordifolia as a safe therapeutic agent. These findings reaffirm the safe use of Manjishtha in traditional and conventional treatment.