Performance Analysis of Narrow Band Spectrum Sensing Over Different Fading Channels in Cognitive Radio

Abstract

Due to rapid advancements in wireless communication the scarcity of radio spectrums are decreasing day by day. To ensure the future efficient wireless communication services, the radio spectrum management is a very important factor. To cope up with this demand, cognitive radio (CR) is a solution of huge prospect for spectrum sensing in order to detect and utilize empty spaces in the spectrum without creating interference to the primary users (PUs). The CR is referred to an intelligent and reconfigurable radio which enables efficient usages of unused spectrum while avoiding any kind of interference. Spectrum sensing is the key element in CR network for identifying the opportunity and to avoid the interference of PUs. The sensing methodology of spectrum depends upon its band of interest, surrounding environments, knowledge of pattern of PUs, required accuracy, required time of detection, power consumption and complexity & cost of the device. This work focus on the formulation of mathematical system model for classical narrow band transmitter based detection which includes energy detector (ED) based sensing techniques, cyclostationary features detection and matched filtering and the simulation and performance analysis of their characteristics curve by MATLAB software. Finally, the work has recommended the best techniques for optimum performance of narrow band spectrum sensing over different fading environments.