One Axis Solar Panel Tracker

Abstract

Solar energy is becoming a very important way of renewable energy resources. Through solar tracking, this process can generate more energy due to the solar panels being able to maintain a longer profile in the sun's rays. Although the primary cost of setting up tracking systems is very high, there are also cheap options offered over time. This project discusses the design and construction of a prototype for a solar tracking system that has a freedom axis. Light dependent resistance (LDR) is used for sunlight detection. Control circuit is based on an ATMega328P microcontroller. It was programmed to detect sunlight through LDRs before actuating the servo to the position of the solar panels. Solar panels are placed where it is able to get maximum lighting. As compared to other motors, the servo motors are able to maintain their torque at high speed. They are also more efficient with efficiencies in the range of 80- 90%. Servos can supply roughly twice their rated torque for short periods. They are also quiet and do not vibrate or suffer resonance issues. The characteristics of performance and solar panels are specifically analyzed. One way to increase the efficiency of solar panels is to use tracking while spending costs. By tracking, the sun exposure will increase in the panel, so it will increase the power output. Trackers can be dual or single axis tracker. Dual trackers are more effective because they track sunlight From Both characters. One axis tracking system is used. It is cheaper, less complex and still achieves the necessary skills. The system is useful for the cost of using the system and the solar panel, the system is useful. The increase in electricity is sufficient and so small increase costs are increased. The cost of maintenance cannot be high.