Assessment of obesity and its determinants as a public health challenge in Bangladesh

Abstract

Obesity has emerged as a critical public health challenge in Bangladesh, influenced by dietary transitions, sedentary lifestyles, and socioeconomic changes. It significantly contributes to the burden of noncommunicable diseases and mental health concerns. A cross-sectional descriptive survey was conducted in Dhaka from May to July 2025, involving 499 participants. Data were collected through online/offline questionnaires and anthropometric measures to assess BMI, lifestyle habits, and perceptions of obesity. Approximately 43% of respondents were overweight or obese. Overeating (57.1 %) and sugary beverage intake (52.7%) were leading contributors. Notably, 31% reported minimal or no physical activity, and higher socioeconomic status was perceived to elevate obesity risk. Psychological consequences, including shame and mental health concerns, were also prominent. The findings highlight the urgent need for comprehensive interventions including awareness campaigns, healthier lifestyle promotion, and supportive community environments to mitigate the obesity epidemic in Bangladesh.