Diseases of Female Genital Organs of Hen

Abstract

In poultry, reproductive disorders are widespread, and the underlying reason is usually different than in other avian species. It is more common in backyard hens than commercial ones. Because backyard chickens typically live longer, are fed a better diet, and have more room than commercial hens, neoplasia, egg-related peritonitis, a persistent right oviduct, and old age are the most common causes of reproductive diseases. Other reproductive illnesses, such as vent trauma and calcium deficiency are infrequently detected. Common health problems in the poultry sector have a direct impact on egg production. Infectious diseases, which will be one of these issues, have a detrimental impact on the reproductive system by directly harming the animal's or animal's health and lowering egg quality. Bacterial and viral pathogens mostly affect the reproductive system, specifically the ovaries and oviduct. In fact, it is intended to underline the importance of disease diagnostic methods development, epidemiological knowledge, early stage illness diagnosis, and technical people being regularly trained with updated information on disease prevention based on scientific principles. Salmonella enterica infection can result in vertical transfer of germs via eggs. Understanding immunity in the reproductive tract is crucial in designing management measures for these infections for these reasons. Our understanding of the innate immune system in the hen's reproductive tract has substantially improved in recent years. Several viral infections that can harm the health of birds or cause reversible or irreversible lesions in the female reproductive organs wreak havoc on the egg industry. Viruses cause a temporary or permanent decline in egg production, as well as the generation of low-quality eggs, as a result of their detrimental impacts. The type of reproductive sickness experienced is influenced by a number of factors, including the bird's age, the infecting virus strain, and the area of the reproductive system implicated.