Phytochemical Screening and Haematological Activity of Aqueous Extract of Mentha piperita and Aegle marmelos in Experimental Mice

Abstract

Primary bioanalytical screens are most important in the initial screening of plant bioactives and often the first step in drug development. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anticoagulant and thrombolytic activity of an aqueous extract of Mentha piperita and Aegle marmelos in experimental mice. Objectives: To identify potential bioactive compounds and evaluate anticoagulant and thrombolytic effects. Methods: Mice are randomly divided into four groups, each group treated for 7 days as follows: standard group (aspirin), control group (distilled water), Mentha pepperita group and Aegle marmelos group. All groups continue to receive the standard, control and test sample throughout the experiment. At the end of the study, clotting time, anticoagulant time and clot disintegration are measured. Results: Simultaneous administration of aqueous extract of Mentha piperita and Aegle marmelos in a dose of 500 mg/kg shows a significant anticoagulant effect (anticoagulant time of Mentha piperita = 4.16±0.067 min and Aegle marmelos = 5.08 ± 0.08 min) compared to the control group ( anticoagulant time = 1.88 ± 0.24 min) and the standard group (aspirin's anticoagulant time = 6.46 ± 0.73) and also has insignificant thrombolytic activity (% of lysis of Mentha piperita = 4.82% and 4.00% and Aegle marmelos = 4.46% %) compared to standard (% of lysis of streptokinase = 78-80%). Conclusion: Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that these two plants have an important anticoagulant effect, which can have a significant effect on cardiovascular diseases.