Surgical Management of Tibial Fracture by Using Intramedullary Pinning and Cerclage Wire in a Crossbred Calf

Abstract

Fractures of long bones, particularly the tibia, pose a considerable risk in cattle, especially in young calves, resulting from trauma or environmental threats. This case report details the effective surgical intervention for a complete oblique fracture of the midshaft of the left tibia in a 9-month-old male crossbred Holstein calf weighing 65 kg. The fracture resulted from slipping on a slippery floor and manifested as acute lameness, inability to bear weight, swelling, and pain upon palpation. The radiographic assessment verified a complete oblique diaphyseal fracture accompanied by bone fragments. Open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) were conducted under sedation and local anesthesia. An intramedullary pin measuring 5 mm × 300 mm was implanted for stabilization, and two cerclage wires were employed to secure the fracture fragments. The surgical site was sutured in layers, and the limb was bandaged for external stabilization. Postoperative care included antibiotics, anti-inflammatory medications, and restricted mobility. Postoperative radiographs verified correct alignment and callus formtion, and the calf exhibited moderate weight-bearing capacity without complications on the 30th postoperative day. The surgical method effectively reinstated limb stability and functionality, demonstrating the effectiveness of intramedullary pinning and cerclage wiring in addressing complex fractures in cattle. This report underscores the significance of prompt diagnosis, suitable surgical methods, and thorough postoperative care in attaining positive results in bovine fracture management.