Design and implementation of an indoor hydroponic system for enhanced crop production

Abstract

Urban agriculture in densely populated regions, which faces severe constraints due to limited arable land, soil degradation, and water scarcity, requires efficient and space-saving cultivation solutions. This project introduces an automated Indoor Vertical Hydroponic System specifically designed for space-constrained urban environments. By incorporating IoT sensors that monitor TDS, turbidity, water level, temperature, and humidity, the system allows for precise environmental tracking to automate nutrient delivery and optimize crop health. The system operates largely independently of outdoor weather by utilizing spectrum-controlled LED lighting and a camera module for real-time visual monitoring, ensuring year-round production. The use of automated water and oxygen pumps guarantees efficient resource circulation, significantly minimizing water waste compared to traditional soil-based farming. Moreover, the system is designed as a scalable, ready-made agricultural product, providing a user-friendly solution that maximizes yield per square foot. By addressing both space constraints and resource efficiency, this project not only improves the competitiveness of the agricultural sector but also promotes sustainable food security in Bangladesh's land-scarce markets.