Attenuation and Phase Shift Characteristics of Electromagnetic waves in Single Walled Carbon Nanotube

Abstract

As one of the most important materials in the Nano area, carbon nanotubes have generated broad and interdisciplinary attention in the last two decades. Carbon Nanotube (CNTs) was discovered by Sumio Iijima[1] in 1991. After the discovery, CNTs have found enormous importance for many applications in the field of nanotechnology, electronics, sensors and optics, due to their unique electrical and mechanical properties, and extremely high aspect ratio. Over the last couple of decades potential efforts have been dedicated to predict and measure the electrical properties (resistance, inductance and capacitance) of CNTs [2-4]. After the first report of FET fabrication using SWCNT (single walled carbon nanotube) [5], it has widely been used to fabricate Diode, MOSFET, and Bipolar devices. Large scale integration using CNTs has been reported by Rao et al [6]. CNTs have been introduced as a new material for potential applications in inter-chip and intra-chip interconnections [7], antenna material for GHz to THz technology [8-10]. With the predicted progress towards nanometer-scale feature sizes, GHz clock rates, and microwave wireless communications, there is a growing need to understand the properties of circuits, interconnects, devices, and antennas with Nano-scale dimensions. Carbon nanotubes offer a combination of small size, high mobility, large current density (about 109 A/cm) [11] and low intrinsic capacitance; moreover, their intrinsic cut-off frequency is expected to be high. Therefore they are among the candidates to eventually candidate for GHz to THz Nano-antennas.