Bacteriological profile and its antibiotic susceptibility in patients with Urinary Tract Infection in a diagnostic center in Dhaka

Abstract

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common bacterial infection known to affect the different parts of the urinary tract and the occurrence is found in both males and females. Despite the fact, that both the genders are susceptible to the infection, women are mostly vulnerable due to their anatomy and reproductive physiology. The infection is usually caused as a consequence of bacterial invasion of the urinary tract including the lower and the upper urinary tract. It is a frequent cause of morbidity and mortality, and a major driver of antibiotic resistance as antimicrobial drugs are often empirically prescribed. This study aimed isolation, identification of bacterial contamination and also determining the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of the isolates to some commonly used antibiotics and identifying the multidrug resistant bacteria isolated from urinary tract infected patients from a diagnostic centre. Samples were collected from both male and female Patients. Then the samples were processed and spreaded on nutrient agar and after incubation on the following day colonies were streaked on various selective media. Identification of bacteria was done through conventional biochemical tests according to Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology. Antibiotic susceptibility test was done by Kirby-Bauer method. Among the samples processed 100% of them showed bacterial growth. A total of about 91 bacterial isolates were found, among them most predominant bacteria were Klebsiella 19(20.88%) and Staphylococcus 19 (20.88%). Enterobacter 15(16.48%) found 2nd predominant and the rest were Bacillus 14(15.38%),Shigella 10(11%) E.coli 7(7.69%), Micrococcus 4(4.4%) and Proteus 3(3.29%) species were found. Antibiotic susceptibility pattern of the bacterial isolates showed that almost all of the isolates were resistant to at least one antibiotic. Among the isolates 37(40.65%) were gram positive and 54(59.35%) were gram negative bacteria. Highest resistance percentage of the isolates was observed to penicillin G (85.71%) followed by Cefepime (75.82%), Ampicillin (69.23%), Erythromycin (69.23%), Rifampicin (57.14%), Azithromycin (56%), Tetracycline (31.87%), chloramphenicol (11%) and Streptomycin (4.4%). Among the multi-drug resistant bacteria 91.31% were resistant to more than two antibiotics and 9.89% were resistant to at least two antibiotics.