II | P a g e Survey on Antibiotics Practices According to WHO Guidelines in Cox’s Bazar District, Chattogram

Abstract

Improper antibiotic usage in the livestock sector represents a significant concern for food safety and contributes to the emergence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria. A cross-sectional study was carried out to evaluate the use of antimicrobials and understand the perspectives in cattle and goat farmers in the Cox's Bazar district of Chattogram, Bangladesh. The data was collected from 40 cattle and goat farms in the region through a meticulously designed questionnaire. The findings of the study reveal that the most commonly used antibiotics in this area include ceftriaxone, streptomycin-penicillin, OTC which are mostly 'Watch' group of antibiotics according to AWaRe category of WHO leading to 71.43%. Interestingly, many participants reported that their prescribers were often unaware of the appropriate drug withdrawal period, leading to 90% of the farmers not adhering to it. Furthermore, the farmers showed a lack of awareness regarding the implications of antimicrobial resistance on animal health. Only 45% and 35% of the farmers consistently followed the guidance of a veterinarian and completed the full course of prescription respectively. The study also identified the educational and experience background of the farmers contribute to their ignorance toward antibiotic resistance. In response to the challenge of antibiotic resistance, the study emphasizes the importance of farmer awareness initiatives and antimicrobial stewardship programs that target veterinarians and other stakeholders. These initiatives are vital in promoting responsible antimicrobial use and addressing the issue of antibiotic resistance.