Comparative review on major SARS-CoV-2 vaccines

Abstract

In December 2019, a transmittable disease widely known as Coronavirus-2 infection broke out in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, due to severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), and became malignant throughout the world. Coronaviruses (CoVs) are structured as single-stranded RNA viruses (ssRNA) that contain club-like spikes on their outer layer which consequently causes lung diseases in humans and leads toward death. The main target of the vaccination program is to ensure the production of antibodies against the spike glycoprotein, which has been implicated in protection against SARS-CoV in animal studies that further identified in SARS-COV and set the goal of most early candidate vaccines. There are several vaccination possibilities are currently under development through clinical trials, and some of them are prepared for human use, such as inactivated vaccines, recombinant protein vaccines, live-attenuated vaccinations, viral vector vaccines, nucleic acid-based vaccines, which differ in terms of many parameters. This review article purposes to deliberate the comparison between vaccines and the current update.