Design and Characterization of Spiral Photonic Crystal Fiber for Wideband Residual Dispersion Compensation

Abstract

This thesis presents modeling and analysis of broadband dispersion compensating photonic crystal fibers (DC-PCFs) for dispersion compensation of standard single mode fibers (SMFs). Nearly Zero Dispersion Fiber (NZDF) is being proposed for zero dispersion wavelengths (ZDW). To get NZDF and DCF, Ge02 doped defected SiO2 square in the core with spiral air hole arms (dd-SPCF) and three different PCF models such as three rings spiral photonic crystal fiber (three rings-SPCF), spiral photonic crystal fiber-distribution sunflower seeds (distribution sunflower seeds-SPCF) and spiral photonic crystal fibernautilus shell (nautilus shell-SPCF) have been designed and their guiding properties are analyzed. A perfectly matched layer (PML) circular boundary has been used to calculate the confinement loss. The proposed dd-SPCF shows ultrahigh nonlinearity 76.44 W'km, and dispersion characteristics -0.0001693 ps/km-nm with very low effective area 2.6516i.tm2 at I 550nm. The proposed three rings-SPCF exhibits average dispersion coefficients of - 355.898 ps/nm-km with a dispersion variation of 11.8 ps/nm-km within the wavelengths of 1450-1700nm. However, nonlinear coefficient of three rings-SPCF is not found so high and particularly in 39.9333W 1 kni' at 1550 nm wavelength. In the same way, birefringence is in the order of about I 0. On the other hand, distribution sunflower seeds-SPCF offers almost flat dispersion profile with average dispersion coefficients of -609.321601 and -396.32923 ps/(nm km) with a dispersion variation of 9.34 ps/(nm km) for X and Y-polarization, respectively, within the wavelengths of 1350-1600 and 1350-1800nm. Finally, nautilus shell-SPCF achieves average dispersion coefficients of-341.73ps/nm-km with a dispersion variation of 5.02 ps/nm-km within the wavelengths of 1350-1700nm with a high birefringence of 0.0231 which is higher than other proposed DC-PCFs. Furthermore, the dispersion slope of the proposed DC-PCFs have been determined and the nautilus shell- SPCF is more appropriate than others for dispersion compensation covering entire E to U band and slope is 0.006 195 around 1550nm. Also, this research has explored effective area, confinement losses, and dispersion behavior for fiber's global diameter variations and fiber's structural parameters variation.