A Review of the Current Status of the Vaccine for the Human Immune Deficiency Virus (HIV)

Abstract

There are two different types of lentiviruses that cause human immunodeficiency, both of which may infect humans. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a condition in which the immune system progressively fails, enabling malignancies and life-threatening opportunistic infections to develop. It is caused by a combination of factors, including HIV infection, autoimmune illness, and a weakened immune system. The present status of the HIV vaccine is my primary motivation for doing this research. The investigation starts with a study of the relevant literature. For the purpose of this research, around thirty publications are analyzed. Finding relevant literature for this investigation was intended to be done via the use of Google Scholar, PubMed, and a variety of other websites. All of the information gathered is from the years 2000 to 2022. During the years 2000–2003, protein was used as the delivery vehicle for the CladeB/B-Env immunogen. Subsequently, during the years 2005–2007, CladeB-Gag/Pol immunogen was evaluated; however, the results did not demonstrate any effectiveness. In the combination immunogen CladeB-Gag/Pol CladeB/B-Env trial that took place between 2003 and 2009, the vaccination efficacy after 42 months was determined to be 31.2%.