Department of Population Science and Human Resource Development

Browse

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3

Contribution of Non Government Organizations(NGO) in Human Resource Development(HRD)of Bangladesh: A Comparative Study of Five Selected NGO s
(University of Rajshahi, 2006) Ali, M. Korban; Ali, M. Korban
The world is heading faster towards modern trade, commerce, industry and advancement of technology. Some of the countries already have attained vast economic growth. Despite these, there is prevailing a remarkable sign of illiteracy, 100 malnutrition and poverty around the world. According to UN billion of people were suffering from illiteracy, 50 million people were not getting chances of having primary education, 55 million people were passing their days either in un-fed or half-fed condition, 100 billions of people of the world were below the poverty level. Most of them were the resident of developing countries like Bangladesh, India, Sri Lanka and the African countries [Shelly, MR, 1999]. One of the ways to solve the above problems is to develop their human resources as early as possible. Again the world is also facing the challenge of open market economy. In order to face this challenge the developing countries like Bangladesh, Pakistan etc have to improve the qualities of human resources. Like other developing countries, Bangladesh can develop its human resources by improving its (1) Education(2) Health care and (3) Economic activities. This type of work of Human Resource Development (HRD) can be done by government or non-government organizations (NGOs) or institutions and individuals. Sir1ce the task accelerating the works of HRD is very important. So it is needed to know the contributions of all the governmen1 and non-government organizations. 3t t with our limited scope, an attempt has been made to study the contributions of some (five) of the selected non- government organizations (NGOs). The concept and idea of human resource development (HRD) was evolved in USA [UNDP, 1994, pp-90]. First the idea came as the topics of class room discussion at the George Washington University in 1969 and it took the formal shape in the American Society for training and development conference [UNDP, 1994. pp91]. At present the concept is a widely accepted mechanism and reality in the field of management and control of human resources. With the passage of time the 1 arm HRD system of management 1s getting popularity and usefulness both in developing and developed countries of the world for attainment of the organizational and developmental goals. Human Resource Development (HRD) is a process by which workforce of an organization is given full co-operation to develop them in one ham1 and on the other hand to develop the environment in which manpower can work effecti'1ely in continuous and organized manner. The resources of an organization can be divided into two broad divisions; one is material resources and other is human resources. Material resources cannot run on its own. But the human resource can use and manage the material resources properly for the well being of the human society. The human resource can be run on its own and again human resource can develop human resources. Thus human resource can run both material resources and human resources. Human resource is the asset, power, spirit and guiding forces. P. gain human resource is a means of support to win goals of an organization. Thus it is regarded as the prime component of the Human Resource Development (HRD) system of management. In fact, HRD system of management helps the human resources to acquire the capabilities to perform, develop, manage, and organize and establd1 organizational culture, team work motivation professional skills and proficiency and congenial supervisors and subordinate relationship for smooth and effective performance of the organization. There are five functional areas of management namely production procurement, finance, marketing and personnel. HRD will regulate all these function!3 1•1 effective style and method. HRD system of management looks into the creation of ar1 environment of trust, mutuality and collaboration ie inter personal trust, confidence, faithfulness, mutual understanding, mutual help, mutual feedback, group dynamics and team spirit. This climate calls for openness, which can be generated through the t.se and application of HRD mechanism. To assess the volume of human resources development of a country or a region some sorts of tools were needed. Fortunately the first Human Development Report (UNDP, 1990 introduced a new way of measuring human development by an Index called Human Development Index (HDI) .It was constructed by combining the indicators of life expectancy, educational attainment and income into composite human development index (HDI). The report acknowledged that no single index could ever completely capture such & complex concept. It acknowledged too that the I:,JI would remain subject to improvements, corrections and refinements, both as a result of a growing awareness of its deficiencies and to accommodate criticisms and suggestions from academics and policy makers. It is also to be emphasized that the HDI is ::1ot intended to replace the other detailed socio-economic indicators, these are essential for a fuller understanding of individual countries. The Human Development Report - 1993 (UNDP, 1993) constructed separate HDI is not for different groups of five countries. One innovative feature of the HDI is the way its components are combined. Each indicator is constructed in different countries Life expectancy is in years of life ii) schooling is in ears of schooling iii) income in purchasing power adjusted dollars and iv) adult literary as a percentage. To combine the indicators, the range of values for each one is put into a sale of 0 to 1, where 0 is the minimum and 1 is the maximum.
Determinants of Health Condition and Estimation of Demographic Parameters of Street Children in Dhaka City, Bangladesh
(University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 2021) Shahiduzzaman, Md.; Islam, Md. Rafiqul; Ali, M. Korban; Islam, Md. Nurul
Health and demographic condition of street children are important issues for the development of any country. Several researchers estimated that a substantial percent of total street children in Bangladesh are living in the Capital City, Dhaka, Bangladesh. But no study is available which concentrated to in-depth study of health condition and estimation of demographic parameters for the street children. So the aim of this study is to identify the determinants of health condition and estimation of demographic parameters of street children in Dhaka city, Bangladesh. We have used convenient sampling for selection of samples. The data were collected from 1108 street children in different places of Dhaka City using a comprehensive questionnaire. In this study, x2 statistic was used to test the significance of the association between the dependent and independent variables of the street children. Binary logistic regression model was also employed to identify the effect of the some important independent variables on dependent variable. To have a smooth pattern of age 3 years moving average technique and "4253H twice" smoothing technique were applied in this study. It was found that among total sample data 84.9% were male and only 15.1 % were female. Age structure of street children followed a polynomial function of degree four. Probability of dying (qJ calculated for street Children showed an expected pattern. The migration rate from rural to urban of male street children was higher than that of female street children. Migration rate of street working children was the highest among four types of street children. Migration rate of street children of illiterate fathers was higher than that of street children of literate fathers. Migration rate of street children of illiterate mothers was higher than that of street children of literate mothers.
Socio-Economic Correlates of Child Labour in Agriculture Sector: Some Selected Rural Areas of Rajshahi, Bangladesh
(University of Rajshahi, 2006) Haque, Md. Rajwanul; Ali, M. Korban; Mondal, M. Nazrul Islam
Child is the father of a man. Child is the wealth of a state. Child is the hope and future of a nation. Child is the pioneer of human civilization. When the child is so important in the life of a nation; he can neither be ignored nor be neglected in the onward march of the world civilization. Child should therefore be properly reared up for the sake of human civilization, for the sake of a nation and its government. Environment should be so created that a child properly grows physically; mentally as well as intellectually to play its due role in tomorrow's society. Child is the continuation of human civilization and bears the testimony of parenthood and generation. It is the foundation of a family, a society, a nation and the world as a whole. It requires careful and effective measures for his proper nourishment by the concerned person and authority. It is to be provided with the basics he requires. But unfortunately, this does not prevail all over the world equally specially in the developing countries. A few fortunate children of these countries are provided with their basics while the rest are denied of their basic needs, physical and mental growth. They are compelled to offer labour for their livelihood before they attain majority. They work with the hammer and the spade instead of working with the book and the pencil. Sometimes circumstantially they go into the clutches of anti-social elements, create law and order problems and finally they become liability of the state instead of becoming an asset (Siddiqua, 2002). In the formal sector, garment factories topped the list to absorb the highest number of child workers. The issue of child labour in Bangladesh become most discussed and debatable in early I 990's when the United States and other foreign buyers refused to import garments from Bangladesh as long as child labour in garment factories in Bangladesh attracts most international attention. Child lnbour in Bangladesh and other developing countries reveal that the vast majority of working children are employed in agriculture and domestic service sectors where children are taking part in service, small-scale manufacturing, and various agricultural occupations; they also perfonn household chores such as fetching water. collecting firewood, cooking and taking care of younger siblings. Although many of these children are working under supervision, full-time work can deter them from attending school, and many home-based activities can be as harmful as work performed outside the home (!LO, 1996).