Dissertations/Theses - Department of Architecture

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Assessment of HVAC load in light zones to determine energy efficient shading for tall office buildings of Dhaka
(Department of Architecture (Arch), 2015-12) Syma Haque Trisha; Ahmed, Dr. Zebun Nasreen
This research addresses the compromises that can be struck, using the passive architectural feature of sunshades, when balancing daylight and the accompanying thermal gains. At present, daylight is being encouraged in tall office buildings all around the world and Dhaka, where this study is based, is no exception. The recent trend is of deep plan open offices, with extensive use of curtain glass envelopes, using large apertures. Daylight inclusion into the office interiors creates two types of luminous areas: light or daylight zone, and dark or artificial light zone. The daylight zone includes sunlight, and sometimes unwanted heat, increasing consequent energy consumption due to HVAC load. Excessive daylight can also create glare zone. However, if daylight can reduce the building's use of electric light and HVAC load, it can reduce peak energy use, as well as total energy consumption. External Shading devices can successfully be used, to address this issue of balancing luminous and thermal loads. A simulation study was undertaken to evaluate luminous and thermal performance of shading devices, used in tall office buildings of Dhaka. Ten selected fixed external shading devices, placed in different orientations, from a field survey were evaluated, during the overheated period of summer. 'ECOTECT' (version 5.50) simulation program with raytrace based 'Radiance' was used, for this evaluation, based on the light zone distribution and the HVAC load. The simulation results revealed that, the performance of aluminum louvered cornice type sunshade in South, is significantly superior to the other tested shading devices, in this orientation. This is also the preferred device in West orientation, where the HVAC load is the maximum. The gaps in this louvered sunshade, allows air movement, causing any trapped heat to dissipate from the building curtain wall, thereby decreasing the cooling load and increasing energy efficiency. It also helps to illuminate greater area with acceptable illumination level, up to greater spatial depth. In the east orientation, solid concrete cornice is more energy efficient, compared to the louvered one, for its significant usable area of acceptable illumination level. However, control over the glare zone, resulting from both these shading devices, can increase their efficiency. The results also prove that, most of the tested shading devices are better for east and west orientation, when the glare zone can be used, by adjusting window-observer-task relationships.
Assessment of thermal comfort of non-airconditioned in-patient hospital wards in dhaka during warm humid periods
(Department of Architecture , BUET, 2018-02-19) Sadia Israt Anam; Ahmed, Dr. Zebun Nasreen
Thermal comfort is an important factor for creating a comfortable indoor environment and ensuring good health for the occupants of a tropical country like Bangladesh, where most of the in-patient hospital wards are highly dependent on natural resources for lighting and ventilation. Unlike healthy populations, the thermal comfort requirements of patients are quite variable which has not been studied in the context of Bangladesh yet, especially during warm humid periods. This research aimed to understand the effect of indoor thermal condition on patient’s perception, thermal sensation and thermal comfort level in non-air conditioned in-patient wards of the case study hospital. It also tried to identify ‘Neutral’ and ‘Preferred’ air temperature and relative humidity of occupants in the studied context. 400 data were collected from a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods; objective measurement of the environmental parameters (air temperature, relative humidity and air velocity) were collected with proper instruments and subjective assessment of questionnaire survey were conducted on 200 adult patients of Medicine and Surgery wards during warm humid periods. Through statistical methods patient’s comfort range for this period of the year were identified, which was 29.46 - 31.46ºC and 77.4-83%. The ‘neutral’ temperature and relative humidity of patients were identified as 30.45OC and 80.3% respectively whereas the ‘preferred’ air temperature and relative humidity were 30.26OCand 79.8%, which are much higher than the international standard but complied with the previous findings in the context of Bangladesh. Although more than 90% patients have voted their existing condition within acceptable range of comfort, 54.75% of them voted their thermal condition as ‘not comfortable’. So, more comprehensive investigation is required following the methodology adapted in this research, to establish the contextual requirements of thermal condition in non-air-conditioned In-patient wards of Hospitals during warm humid periods for Dhaka that can lead to formation of local design guidelines.
Design considerations for rainwater harvesting in residential plots of Dhaka city
(Department of Architecture, BUET, 2017-11-25) Jubaida, Gulshan Ara; Ahmed, Dr. Zebun Nasreen
Like many other cities, urban flood and draught has been major problem of Dhaka city. Expansion of the city built up area and reduction in rainwater infiltration is considered to be the main cause of the problem. Proper rainwater management even in the individual plot level might bring noteworthy transformation in this regard. As residential use pattern occupies a significant portion of the city surface, the scope of rainwater harvesting and design decisions in the residential buildings of Dhaka city can be investigated. So far, this has been considered as an engineer’s task, though the basic decisions like building operation, interaction, site planning and site layout are the concern of architects in the current context. This research aims to explore the architectural design considerations in the residential plots of Dhaka city for rain water harvesting. In this regard, this research has studied basics of rainwater harvesting (RWH), contextual information i.e. Hydro-geological, meteorological data of Dhaka city and the rules and legislations for residential building constructions. The study also has explored contemporary RWH practices in the local and international context. On the basis of theoretical understanding, 21 sample case studies have been taken from seven different categories of plot size from different residential part of Dhaka city. Case studies were in different construction phases. Primary data of all 21 case study buildings have been collected from physical survey, design drawing and questionnaire survey. All necessary secondary data have been collected. Collected primary and secondary data have been calculated and analyzed for each case study, based on the theoretical understanding. Main findings have been compiled and compared to observe residential development trend with building Rainwater Harvesting (RWH) system. The study has found that, in ‘Multifamily Apartment Building’ of Dhaka city, storage and recharge structure size for rainwater harvesting, increases along with occupants’ number, with the increasing size of the plot. Hence, demand vs supply ratio remains almost the same for different sizes of plots, and consequently the size of the storage structure increases significantly in large scale plots. It is found that, Rainwater can meet only 12%-30% of the total restricted water demand of the residential buildings of Dhaka city. Therefore, Recharge is more suitable than Storage. It has been apparent from the study that, prevailing residential development trend offers various scopes to design RWH system within the plot. Among the 21 Case Studies, 86% have parking area at the ground floor, which provides scope to incorporate RWH system, even in a built project. 85% of the Case Study buildings have Front Garden Area (FGA) that can be converted into rain garden. Moreover, Space Over the Toilet (OTS) might be converted as rainwater storage space, instead of making single large Storage structure. While designing plots more than 804 m², Architects can design Reflective pools, considering Rainwater as a source of water. Study also found that, while underground tank is preferable for already constructed buildings, design innovation is open for the building under design phase. In this research, Architectural Design Considerations and scopes have been discussed focusing on current Residential Building Development Trends in Dhaka to incorporate RWH system within the plot, and it is clear that the Architect has ample scope to design the system efficiently and aesthetically in order to improve the urban flood and draught situation of Dhaka city.
Impact of building facade on cooling efficiency and related thermal comfort for west oriented offices in Dhaka city
(Department of Architecture, BUET, 2022-05-16) Nafisa Bari; Ahmed, Dr. Zebun Nasreen
Due to rapid global warming and other adverse effects generated by human activities, energy efficiency has become a major concern while designing a building. By introducing sustainable features in a building, energy costs can be reduced to a reasonable amount. According to studies, a building’s energy use is hugely influenced by the climate, building function, building occupancy, building envelope, building shape and construction. Building façade being the external envelop of the structure, is constantly exposed to the outdoor environment. Therefore, it can be said that ensuring preferable thermal conditions, by appropriate facade treatment, is one of the significant aspects, that can have major contribution towards energy efficiency in commercial office spaces, specifically in warm-humid conditions. This study deals with commercial office buildings, and ensuring energy efficiency is critical in these types of buildings, due to the huge areas of glass applied to their façades. In a day-use commercial building, the cooling load can be minimized, by adopting appropriate façade design. Many studies also show the relationship of thermal comfort with energy efficiency, and how human intellectual performance and perception in general, will reach maximum potential, if human beings are in comfortable thermal conditions. For this study, Gulshan Avenue located in Dhaka, Bangladesh, was selected as the study area, as it has commercial buildings, facing maximum heat penetration through west facades, during working hours. The goal of the study was to determine whether a relationship between energy consumption and facade treatment. Among all energy needs of a building, this research focuses only on the consumption for cooling. A questionnaire survey was also carried out to investigate thermal preference of the occupants. For the investigation, computer simulations have been carried out extensively, in an existing case building and also in a typical model, generated from analysing case buildings. Energy simulation tools in architectural practice are used for conducting the simulations. The simulation results reveal that, façade treatment on the west side of commercial buildings have significant impact on energy consumption, and these attributes are indirectly related to occupants’ thermal comfort. In this way the ultimate goal of the research i.e. to understand which type of façade saves more energy, making the internal environment comfortable, has been reached. Keywords: Energy Consumption, building Façade, thermal Comfort, west oriented offices, energy efficiency, tropical climate, glass façades
Impact of solar radiation on westerly exposed facades of residential buildings in Dhaka
(Department of Architecture, BUET, 2022-06-27) Sadaf Sumyia Khan; Ahmed, Dr. Zebun Nasreen
In tropical climates, building orientation and materials used in the building envelope, dictate the Solar Heat Gain factor of the building. In both planned and unplanned morphological development in Dhaka city, unavoidable westerly oriented residential buildings, which are often the only exposed side, is a common phenomenon, due to site limitations. Published sources show that building energy consumption, in a typical planned residential area of Dhaka, increases 5.1% in its share of cooling energy consumption, for every 1°C increase in temperature. Given such a scenario, materials, and their use on building envelope, is a very important design consideration, in controlling overall solar heat gain during the overheated periods, which in turn can save energy used for comfort cooling. The main purpose of this investigation was to determine the impact of solar radiation on the building orientation with the west and the use of different materials and their proportions on the westerly envelop of residential buildings. This thesis investigates a set of sample buildings of Dhanmondi, a typical planned residential area of Dhaka, to understand common design practices, construction materials used on westerly facades, along with their ratio/proportions on the façade, and occupant behaviour and consumption practices within these spaces. The study used field surveys, questionnaires, and interviews to set the basis for simulation models. The change in annual electrical energy demand, for comfort cooling is then simulated, using BEM software, for varying building orientations, with westerly exposed facades, composed of different materials and proportions. The simulation results reveal a clear relationship between annual electrical energy demand for cooling and building orientation to the west. It also showed that an incremental increase in the ratio/proportion of the glazing surface to a solid wall increases the annual demand for cooling load. Analysis done on two years of monthly electrical bill data of the sample buildings presented a similar pattern.
Investigation of indoor thermal comfort range for rural houses of Dhaka region
(Department of Architecture, 2012-06) Amreen Shajahan; Ahmed, Dr. Zebun Nasreen
Bangladesh is frequently cited as one of the most vulnerable countries to climate change because of its geographic location; flat and low-lying topography; high population density. These changing natures of climatic events especially temperature rise are making dwelling units inappropriate for both current and future climate. Thus in the face of climate change, effort should be placed to predict the temperature or combination of thermal variables (temperature, humidity, and air velocity) which will be found comfortable in rural housing of Bangladesh, where 75% of total population lives. Thus the study of thermal comfort in rural sector is very important because it directly affects occupant’s healthy and comfortable life and energy consumption is a direct consequence of it. Thus this research focuses on observing the existing indoor thermal environment in rural houses of Dhaka division, and determination of comfort range, to ensure appropriate indoor thermal condition, during the hot-dry or pre-monsoon period of a year, for rural housing in Bangladesh, with reference to the Dhaka region. To accomplish the objective, a transverse field survey considered suitable method to collect necessary data for this research. Field study is aiming at obtaining the occupants’ indoor thermal comfort responses within the naturally ventilated rural houses, along with the diverse adaptation mechanisms and practices, following the adaptive approach. Finally, the identified comfort range of this region will contribute to the body of knowledge of thermal comfort for naturally ventilated buildings, as there is no current standard regarding indoor thermal comfort for the occupants of rural houses.
Investigation of perception of thermal condition of naturally ventilated classroom environment during warm periods in Dhaka
(Department of Architecture (Arch), 2014-02) Tasneem Tariq; Ahmed, Dr. Zebun Nasreen
This research is based on a field investigation, for a detailed understanding of perception of thermal environments, by students, inside naturally ventilated classroom environment of Dhaka, Bangladesh, during the pre-monsoon (hot-dry) and monsoon (warm-humid) seasons of a year. One hundred individual responses provided comprehensive data, through a standard questionnaire survey, which was then used for analysis of their responses and preferences, with respect to the measured indoor thermal environment with running ceiling fans. The subjects were within 18-25 years age range, with average clothing insulation (0.35-0.5 clo), and with metabolic rate of 0.8 to 1.6 Met. The range of measured mean indoor air temperature, relative humidity and air velocity were found as 27.95-32.6ºC, 52.5-80% and 0.05-0.9 m/s respectively. Students’ thermal sensation voting showed a strong correlation with the mean air temperature, indicating that they were highly sensitive about the thermal conditions in their classrooms. The ‘neutral temperature’ was found to be 30.20 ºC and acceptable temperature range was 29.89 ºC to 30.54 ºC. This result shows that, the students are well adapted to their thermal environment, having a wide comfort zone. Voting also indicated the preference to be in cooler conditions, even if they voted their thermal sensation as ‘neutral’. The students expressed comfort over a very narrow range of relative humidity levels (65% to 68%) while the majority of students (70%) voted for more ventilation. To be comfortable, students adopted several behavioural measures; all were related to increased air flow. This research reveals that the ‘preferable’ temperature for the student population is 30.18 ºC, which is very close to ‘neutral’ temperature. The ‘preferred’ ‘relative humidity’ (57%) was found to be much lower than the identified ‘neutral’ relative humidity (66.5%). It was found that there exists a strong relationship between the ‘acceptability’ of thermal conditions and ‘perceived’ performance. Majority of them (57%) voted as the thermal conditions of classrooms were ‘not acceptable’ and 65% voted that these conditions were interfering on their class performance. The findings reconfirmed that sensation, comfort and preferences of this tropical country is markedly different from set international standards. This research can be used as a basis for further research to investigate other aspects and consequences, as mentioned in this section, of thermal condition of naturally ventilated classroom environment of Dhaka.
Investigation on energy consumption for thermal comfort with respect to plan layout of residential apartment buildings in Dhaka
(Department of Architecture (Arch), 2016-06) Saiful Hasan Tariq; Ahmed, Dr. Zebun Nasreen
This research focused on the study of electricity consumption to achieve thermal comfort, in apartments of tropical Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh. As approximately 45% of the total population of Dhaka constitutes the middle income and upper-middle income groups, electricity consumption by this group is a critical factor in the national energy balance. According to recent reports, the electricity consumption in the residential sector has almost doubled in six years. While domestic electricity consumption is considered in three sectors; for lighting, for cooling and for household appliances, this research focuses only on the consumption for cooling. During the warm months (March-October), ventilation and air movement is vital for thermal comfort in the tropics, and electrical cooling appliances are commonly used for the purpose. Thermal comfort in Dhaka was found to be particularly related to air movement; therefore, this factor was focused in the study, especially indoor air movement. As plan layout is seen to affect air movement, its typology was therefore targeted for analysis in this research. Field survey was conducted on apartments of floor area between 93m2 to 148.7 m2 (1000-1600sft), selected on a random sampling method, representative of target middle and upper-middle income group, and located in planned residential areas. A questionnaire survey determined the specifications of electrical appliances used for cooling along with running hours, as indicative of the comfort situation of the inhabitants. Scaled drawings of plan layout were also collected, to understand the spatial quality in terms of “open type” and “cellular type” layout, and related air movement to compare with the measured variables and responses. It was the contention of this study, that there should be a critical analysis of plan layouts in mid-rise apartment buildings, to determine whether there is a relationship between energy consumption and related plan layouts. Analysis of the findings from the survey and the questionnaire responses reveal that, plan layout has a significant impact on electricity consumption needed for thermal comfort.
Prospects of green plot ratio in residential buildings in context of Dhaka
(Department of Architecture (Arch), 2016-06) Bushra Nayeem; Ahmed, Dr. Zebun Nasreen
Green plot Ratio (GPR) is a concept that helps to determine amount of green of a particular site.GPR is presented as a ratio that is similar to the Floor area ratio (FAR), currently in use in building regulations of Bangladesh, to control maximum allowable built-up floor area in a building development. In context of Dhaka apartment building development has been growing rapidly since 1999 because of huge household demand, lack of enough land, rapid urbanization etc. Real estate sector has already supplied approximately 60,000 units to housing market in past 20 years. Transition of single family dwellings to multistoried apartments has led to alteration of green to grey area increasing built-up areas at the cost of green /unpaved areas ( example: Dhanmondi). From operational phase of these apartment buildings there is significant amount of CO2 emission. However there is no specific clause to provide green in a plot according to Building construction rule (BCR) 1996 and 2006, as vegetation absorbs CO2 and heat, carbon sequestration is reduced by this change. This study intended to find out the amount of CO2 emissions from residential areas and the sequestration capacities of plant species present in that building. Three kinds of data have been collected: one in terms of CO2 emission from the selected buildings, second is CO2 absorption capacity of the plant species and the third one is regarding design attributes of the buildings (FAR, Ground coverage, height etc). The study has included field survey and plan analysis of selected buildings. CO2 emission of the building has been estimated with the collected data. Therefore, the study used green plot ratio (GPR) as a method in measuring the greenery in the case studies. A blending of correlation and regression method has been used see the influence of building design attributes, CO2 emission and sequestration on GPR. The study reveals that FAR, GC and CO2 sequestration have the strongest correlations with GPR regarding the case studies. An equation is derived from the regression to account GPR with the known value of FAR, GC and CO2 sequestration based on the eight case studies. The chapter proposes guidelines to facilitate CO2 emission control with building integrated green by using GPR to create a balance of urban green and built-up area based on the study buildings.
Study of daylight condition in classrooms of urban primary school buildings in Sylhet with respect to visual performance
(Department of Architecture (Arch), 2016-02) Saifuzzaman, Mohammad; Ahmed, Dr. Zebun Nasreen
In the primary schools of Sylhet, artificial light is found the main contributor to the visual environment, even though there is a large quantity of daylight and the entire study period is enclosed within daylight hours. Studies show that, there are significant impacts of using daylight on human health and the visual performance in terms of efficiency and productivity. This research primarily concentrates on visual performance of the students, under daylight condition, at urban primary schools of Sylhet, where the skies are generally overcast throughout the year, unlike other divisional cities of Bangladesh. The research also aimed to investigate the relationship of the physical parameters of the classrooms spaces with daylight condition. In Bangladesh, there are no studies incorporating human interaction with the visual environment, in the divisional town of Sylhet. An intensive literature study provided the knowledge base for this research. The problem was identified first, by a survey of existing primary schools, in Sylhet City Corporation area, aimed at an understanding of their luminous environment. A detailed field survey was initiated to determine the visual performance of the students which, was derived through a intensive visual performance test. The field investigation also encompasses the physical parameters of the classroom spaces, which can influence the overall distribution of daylight, and compared to international standards. The findings of the study clearly show the interrelationship of daylight and students visual performance. It is clearly demonstrated that, visual performance, measured by time taken to complete the visual test and errors made during the test, are directly related to the amount of daylight available. The possible measures and scopes for further investigation are followed from the discussion on the research findings.
Study of the factors for thermal comfort in residential high-rise in Dhaka city
(Department of Architecture, BUET, 2002-03) Sarma, Bijon Behari; Ahmed, Dr. Zebun Nasreen
Living in high-rise apartments has been accepted In "':lOgested busy Cltie. all over th& world and Bangladesh IS no exception. A few years' back high-rise apartments were considered to have been so costiy a. to have been owned by th& affluent people only, The recenl developments like reduced price, availability of bank loan and government programs to accommodate government personnel in multi •• toried buoldings have paved the ~ for the middle income people to live In such apartments With lhi. change, however, a new responsibility has been piaced On fue shoulders of the deSigners ot such bUildings While Ihe alliuent owners could afford to install and maintain costly gadgets 10 moderata climatic adversities, the new owners and users, being less affluent can neitl1er afford to install nor maintain costly gadgets Also, Ihe exees.",e uses of such gadgets shouid be discouraged In view of the power crisis In the country, specially in the large Clues, The new responsibility that has been placed upon lhe designers of high-rise apartments is to design userfriendiy, ci,matically comfortable and energy-effldent apartments The succe.s of such design lies ,n lhe optLmum utilization of natural light and ventilation for ensuflng thermal comfort, This .tudy project was undertaken to study the existing srtuatlons of climates in.ide high-rise ap.anments One objective was to understand the current problems and inadequacies, 10 conduct stl>dles and investigation to fifld oul causes, such that deSign guidelines for their improvement can be suggested. The l>enefit of prevailing wind may be utilized in case of buildiflg, where the designer gets .cope to ma~euver its orientation and configurntion. This is seldom possible In case of buildings to be constructed on smal~size plots Inside congested bu.y cities Th. best Ymi to en.ure optimum naturai light and ventilation inside IS \0 have SUitable-sIZed windows and olher opening' at sUlta.ble locatIOns The architects, ,n general, provide nece.sary opemng. and the middle-income people are used 10 keep their wLndows open, of course with the use of curtains, for ge\tmg in natural light and Ir.sh air. and also ror good .iews, With light and air .uch openings .1.0 bring In Ihe exlemal temperature and humidity. These two important factors of dimalic comfort increase further due to pre.ence of human Mlng and lheir gadgets. One novel way to keep this internal-extemal variation 'minimum' is to Intelligently design the opening. by size, iocatLon., fragmen1ation and passive de.lgn elements. Becau.e of Ihe" natural seltings the rooms at various cardinal 10catLons show dilferenoe in temperature and humidity. So, MOIher intellLgent Ymi of optimum use of clirnatLc benef~ is to accommodate the appropnate type of "ctiv~les at the proper location., One objecllve ot this sludy was 10 lind out the climatio charactenstlc, of room. at .ariou. location. due 10 Iheir natural setlings This sludy may be consider&d as a 'Po", Occu~ncy OccupatIOn Evaluation (POE) of high-rise apartments in climatic aspect', that may aoqualnt the de.igners of such apartments 10 have understanding of various factors responsible and contributing to the creation of 'comtortable' and 'uncomfortable' climatic condition., It is expected lhat this understanding would help them to have fue knowledge and underslandlng most essential for designing 'cllmate-friefldly and energy.effident high-rise apartm""ts for Ih& le ••.. affluent users',
Study of the luminous environment in architecture design studios of Bangladesh
(Department of Architecture, BUET, 2011-05) Tanzia Sharmin; Ahmed, Dr. Zebun Nasreen
In the architecture design studios of Bangladesh, most of the time studios are experiencing poor lighting state, even though there is an abundant resource of natural light in the tropics. Though the importance of an appropriate visual environment for learning tasks deserves careful consideration, no standard has yet been set for studio lighting in the context of Bangladesh. Despite the fact that people work and live better under natural lighting condition, preliminary observations show that studios are often lit by artificial means. This not only fails to provide a stimulating environment for better learning but also at the same time creates pressure on the overall national energy demand. As natural lighting contributes significantly to the psychological, physiological and aesthetic character of a learning space and also reduces energy consumption in buildings, strategies for increasing daylight should be established for incorporation in the design process. This thesis aims to identify various architectural features that affect the luminous environment and are presently being used in studios and also to give some indicative suggestions that can help to improve the luminous environment with special emphasis on daylight inclusion in studios. To begin with, a literature study was conducted to get a knowledge base and direction for the study. This was followed by a field survey where selected studios were grouped according to their areas and were surveyed to identify typical design features and factors that affect the luminous environment. From the findings, a model was established for simulation study to examine variables affecting the luminous environment. If .' ~: . i: . It is expected that the simulations will generate some indicative suggestions for improving the luminous environment of architecture design studios of Bangladesh.
Study on the impact of window size and proportion on indoor air temperature of bedrooms in apartments
(Department of Architecture (Arch), 2017-03) Ishrat Zerin Hossain Mou; Ahmed, Dr. Zebun Nasreen
Globally, over one-third of total energy is consumed by the residential building sector (IEA, 2013). In Bangladesh, more than 40% of electricity is consumed in the domestic sector by air-conditioning (AC) and fans for comfort cooling (JICA, 2015). Windows, the drivers of natural ventilation, if designed and adopted properly can offset energy guzzling AC devices, while providing thermal comfort. During the design phase, sizing windows against room area and wall area have a considerable effect on achieving thermally acceptable indoor air temperature for occupants. This simulation based study analyzes the impact of varied window-to-floor area-ratio (WFR) and window-to-wall area-ratio (WWR), on bedroom air temperature in residential apartments, thereby providing possible design options for such spaces, to offset energy consumption, while keeping air temperature within a comfortable limit. Initially, a base-case bedroom simulation model was formulated by conducting a random questionnaire survey and case study analysis of high-rise apartment buildings of the upper middle income group of Dhaka along with a comprehensive literature review on comfortable air temperature in such rooms. Simulation was done in Ecotect Analysis and WinAir to figure out indoor air temperature and air movement pattern respectively for the base case, as well for varied WFR and WWR. Simulation outcomes were validated, by comparing with measured values from a pilot survey conducted inside a bedroom of the topmost floor of an existing high-rise residential building. Comparative analysis was used to predict the best possible WFR and WWR configurations for obtaining a comfortable air temperature within this space. The result reveals that WWR, ranging from 20% to 30%, is preferable for inducing lower indoor air temperature in the south west corner rooms of naturally ventilated buildings.