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Item Development of fuzzy inference system for automatic tea making(IEEE Xplore, 2017-03-27) Ahamed, Nizam Uddin; Taha, Zahari Bin; Khairuddin, Ismail B. Mohd; Rabbi, Mohammad Fazle; Sikandar, Tasriva; Palaniappan, Rajkumar; Ali, Md. Asraf; Rahman, Sam Matiur; Sundaraj, K.In this paper, a fuzzy inference system has been developed for automatic tea making process. The system takes five inputs and gives two output which determines the grade of black tea and milk tea. Specifically, the proposed system considers five important characteristics of hot tea beverage such as water temperature, sugar, milk, brewing time and tea leaves quantity for grading the standard of the drink according to the consumer's requirement. Both black tea and milk tea can be rated with a grade based on the human expert judgment which is according to the taste and aroma of the tea. This automatic tea making system can let the users choose their preferred type of tea without figuring out the complicated process to making a cup of hot tea beverage. Full Text Link: http://doi.org/10.1109/I2CACIS.2016.7885314Item Fuzzy logic controller design for intelligent drilling system(IEEE Xplore, 2017-03-27) Ahamed, Nizam Uddin; Yusof, Zulkifli; Hamedon, Zamzury; Rabbi, Mohammad Fazle; Sikandar, Tasriva; Palaniappan, Rajkumar; Ali, Md. Asraf; Rahman, Sam Matiur; Sundaraj, K.An intelligent drilling system can be commercially very profitable in terms of reduction in crude material and labor involvement. The use of fuzzy logic based controller in the intelligent cutting and drilling operations has become a popular practice in the ever growing manufacturing industry. In this paper, a fuzzy logic controller has been designed to select the cutting parameter more precisely for the drilling operation. Specifically, different input criterion of machining parameters are considered such as the tool and material hardness, the diameter of drilling hole and the flow rate of cutting fluid. Unlike the existing fuzzy logic based methods, which use only two input parameters, the proposed system utilizes more input parameters to provide spindle speed and feed rate information more precisely for the intelligent drilling operation. Full Text Link: http://doi.org/10.1109/I2CACIS.2016.7885316Item Mechanomyographic application for automatic rehabilitation system on tennis elbow muscles(UniMAP Library, 2012-06-18) Islam, Md. Anamul; Sundaraj, Kenneth; Ahmad, R. Badlishah; Ahamed, Nizam UddinElbow muscles (brachiradialis and brachialis) injury is one of the major muscle disorders caused by accident or excessive use of it. People with such disorders more often undergo for treatment under physiotherapist. Consequently, patients with this disorder need to monitor by interfacing a real time automatic rehabilitation system. Therefore, the purpose of this proposed system is to develop a Mechanomyography (MMG) assisted automatic rehabilitation system for tennis elbow muscles. The MMG signal is recorded via an accelerometer from the elbow muscles. 10 subjects will be considered as control and another 10 subjects who have no previous record with any muscular disorders will be included to compare the recorded signal. After identifying suitable MMG signal from the exact elbow muscle location and both from the normal and affected person, the signal will be stored into a computer for further processing and statistical analysis using MATLAB and SPSS, respectively. However, based on the recorded MMG signal, signal processing and statistically analyzed data, we shall develop a low cost portable device. In addition, we will build up a user friendly GUI for the automatic rehabilitation system. Thus, our proposed system will be aided as real time, portable, home and clinic based, user friendly device for medical rehabilitation system for Tennis Elbow muscles.Item Non-invasive electromyography-based fatigue detection and performance analysis on m. biceps brachii muscle(IEEE Xplore, 2013-03-28) Ahamed, Nizam Uddin; Sundaraj, Kenneth; Ahmad, R. Badlishah; Rahman, Matiur; Islam, Anamul; Ali, AsrafMuscle fatigue occurs most frequently due to repetitive movements in our day-to-day activities. The powerful use of muscles might cause a decline in performance. In this study, the effects of muscle fatigue involving only the m. biceps brachii muscle in the dominant upper arm were investigated during the course of an arm wrestling game where the muscle contractions were produced by the winner and loser, respectively. This competition was conducted to monitor the progress/ decline of muscle strength among young players. Eight male subjects (age: 26±3 years, height: 170±13 cm, weight: 70±13 kg and BMI: 21±4) were participated in this study. Electrodes were placed on the middle of the biceps muscle to record the electromyography (EMG) signals. Each group (two players) participated twice with each other, and the EMG signals were recorded. Muscle fatigue was analyzed and compared using the first-time and second-time EMG data. The results were evaluated by calculating the average EMG, root mean square (RMS) and the highest peak of the signal during muscle contraction. Among these, RMS and highest peak values helped in efficiently assessing muscle fatigue. Most of the results indicated that m. biceps muscle reduced its strength during the second game; also, winners performance were found to be better than the losers (according to EMG amplitudes). The current findings regarding the m. biceps brachii muscle might prove to be useful in developing effective injury prevention and rehabilitation strategies, and other physiological measurements related to the upper arm muscles. Full Text Link: http://doi.org/10.1109/ICCSCE.2012.6487160Item Variability in surface electromyography of right arm biceps brachii muscles between male adolescent, vicenarian and tricenarian with distinct electrode placement(IEEE Xplore, 2013-01-11) Ahamed, Nizam Uddin; Sundaraj, Kenneth; Ahmad, R. Badlishah; Rahaman, S.A.M Matiur; Islam, Md. Anamul; Ali, Md. AsrafThe aim of this paper was to verify and measure the variability in surface electromyography (sEMG) of upper arm biceps brachii muscle during isometric contraction. Nine healthy right arm dominated males from three age-groups (adolescents, vicenarian, and tricenarian) were selected for the study. Electrodes were placed horizontally on three individual locations of the subjects' biceps brachii muscle, i.e., on the muscle belly of the biceps brachii, and on the upper and lower portion of the muscle belly. Average EMG (mean), standard deviation (SD), and coefficient of variations (CV, %) were calculated to verify the consistency of the different age groups' muscle activities. Moreover, EMG mean values were analyzed with two-way repeated measures analysis of variances (ANOVA) to monitor significant intra- and inter-muscle coordination. An online, three-channel connected and touch-proof wireless sensor was used to record the EMG signal. The results revealed muscle variability and consistency as well as the significant superiority on the biceps brachii muscle. This findings attempt to fulfill the gaps left by previous experiments based on EMG variability, subject's age variation, electrode placement, muscle contractions, etc. and to identify areas for further researche in the fields of rehabilitation, sports, and other biomedical concerns. Full Text Link: http://doi.org/10.1109/STUDENT.2012.6408356Item Vision-based motion tracking rehabilitation system for gait disorder(IEEE Xplore, 2013-03-28) Ali, Md. Asraf; Sundaraj, Kenneth; Ahmad, R. Badlishah; Ahamed, Nizam Uddin; Islam, Md. AnamulAim of the present study was to review the articles for the vision-based motion tracking, usually applied on the rehabilitation systems of gait disorder. Based on our ultimate goal, we searched several articles, available from the online database of some journals and conferences, published in the English language between January, 1993 and June, 2012. We especially searched for the phrases, such as “vision sensor”, “motion tracking”, “gait disorder”, and “rehabilitation” in the title, abstract, or keywords sections. Besides, some common synonyms of these phrases, along with the logical words, like “and”, “or”, and “not” were also used in the article searching procedure. From among the 37 articles found, this review identified 25 articles, which utilized the marker during video recording for motion tracking of the subject; whereas about 10 articles did not utilize any marker, 1 article utilized both marker-based and markerless, and another 1 articles were unrelated to the motion tracking but related to the gait disorder. Moreover, through this literature, we presented a strong evidence that enabled the analysis of motion tracking by the help of vision sensor for the rehabilitation systems of gait disorder. Hence, we believe that the information contained in this review will remarkably assist and guide the progress of the vision-based motion tracking, applied on the rehabilitation systems of gait disorder. Full Text Link: http://doi.org/10.1109/ICCSCE.2012.6487173/