Year 2024
Browse
18 results
Search Results
Item Factors Influencing Milk Production among the Dairy Farms of Savar Sub-District, Dhaka, Bangladesh(Journal of Scientific Research and Reports, 2024) Sultana, M. S.; Reshma, B. Z.; Hasnat, M. K.; Kabir, M. H.Milk production among the dairy farms is one of the important sources of income for the farmers. However, many reasons may influence milk production. In this aspect, the objective of the study was to assess the determinants or factors influence milk production in the dairy farm of Savar sub-district under Dhaka district of Bangladesh. A sample of 218 dairy farmers was randomly selected for data collection. The survey was conducted using a pre-tested structured interview schedule among the respondents. The data was analyzed using percentage, mean, frequency, standard deviation, and regression analysis. Majority of the farmers (96.8%) had up to 70 liters of milk production in their farm with an average of 18 liters. The statistical analysis showed that credit, total cow, milking cow, and livestock income significantly influences on the amount of milk produced in the farm. The Department of Livestock Service (DLS) and other related Non-Government Organizations (NGOs) may arrange more livestock income related programs for the dairy farmers focused on milk. Initiative like providing credit facilities either interest free or lower rate of interest to purchase milking cow may help the farmers to improve their livelihood through more milk production.Item Natural field diagnosis and molecular confirmation of fungal and bacterial watermelon pathogens in Bangladesh: A case study from the Natore and Sylhet districts(PLOS ONE, 2024-11-07) Ferdous, RaihanThe study investigated watermelon diseases characterized by contrasting climatic conditions in the Sylhet and Natore Districts of Bangladesh. Sylhet experiences lower temperatures and high rainfall, while Natore has higher temperatures and low rainfall. In these survey regions, 40 watermelon fields were selected, and 10 diseases were observed, including 4 fungal, 3 bacterial, 2 water mold, and 1 viral disease. The observed diseases were Anthracnose, Cercospora leaf spot, Fusarium wilt, Gummy stem blight, Downy mildew, Phytophthora fruit rot, Bacterial fruit blotch, Angular leaf spot, Yellow vine, and Watermelon mosaic disease. Molecular analysis was done in the Plant Pathology Lab at Sher-eBangla Agricultural University using the specific primers for fungal (ITS1/ITS4) and bacterial (27F/1492R) DNA regions and identified nine pathogen species, excluding the causal organism of the viral disease. The identified pathogens included Colletrotrichum orbiculare, Cercospora citrullina, Fusarium oxysporum, Stagonosporopsis cucurbitacearum, Pseudoperonospora cubensis, Phytophthora capsici, Acidovorax citrulli, Pseudomonas syringae, and Serratia marcescens. The sequencing of the identified pathogens revealed high homology (98.91–99.71%) with known sequences in the GenBank database. Phylogenetic analysis showed six clusters for fungal and water mold pathogen isolates and three for bacterial isolates where the percentages of replicate trees were 100% in all the cases. Among the identified diseases, the highest disease occurrence was caused by Fusarium wilt (47.5%) followed by Gummy stem blight (41.5%) in the Sylhet region and Angular leaf spot (37.5%) followed by Yellow vine (33%) in the Natore area. Fusarium wilt also has a high disease intensity, demonstrating its devastating impact on yield. This study highlights the influence of environmental conditions on disease incidence and underscores the need for tailored management strategies. These findings provide a foundation for developing targeted disease management practices for sustainable watermelon cultivation in Bangladesh.Item Exploring Potential Human Health Risks Linked to Heavy Metal(Loid)s in Dietary Fishes: Utilizing Data-Driven and Computational Modelling Approaches(Biological Trace Element Research, 2024-09) Akash, Pritom Bhowmik; Kumar, Sazal; Jahan, Md. Saikoth; Rahman, Muhammad Shaiqur; Sorker, Anti; Islam, Raiquel; Seddiky, Md. AssrafThere are signiicant concerns about the risks to human health posed by metal(loid) contamination in dietary ishes in Bangladesh. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate heavy metal(loid) contamination in ish and their associated health risks using published data from 2000 to 2022. Additionally, the safe limit of ish consumption was estimated using the target hazard quotient (THQ) followed by computational modelling and artiicial neural networks (ANN). Results showed that freshwater and herbivorous ishes pose the least non-cancer risks, whereas saltwater and carnivorous ishes pose the highest non-cancer risks to Bangladeshi consumers. However, freshwater and omnivorous ish consumption pose the highest cancer risks compared to all studied metal(loid)s. In particular, among the heavy metal(loid)s, As, Cr, Hg, and Ni pose signiicant cancer and non-cancer risks to Bangladeshi consumers. On the contrary, the ANN and Decision tree regression (DTR) characterized the dataset, simulation model, or data testing condition, reaching 94.7% accuracy and allowing us to measure the safest ish consumption limit. The herbivorous ishes are less contaminated and allow greater consumption (175.09 g day ). Contrarily, the allowable intake rates of carnivorous and omnivorous ishes are 153.05 and 168.63 g day −1 , respectively. Besides, the safe consumption rate of saltwater ishes was 156.51 g day −1 , which was lower than freshwater (180.59 g day ) and euryhaline ishes (182.17 g day −1 ). Therefore, this study will assist ish consumers in selecting less contaminated ish, ensuring safe consumption levels, and ultimately reducing health risks associated with metal(loid) contamination in ish.Item Field Screening for Low Levels of Toxic Inorganic Arsenic in Dry-Season Rice Varieties from Bangladesh(ACS Agricultural Science & Technology, 2024-09) Sarkar, Imran Ullah; Hosain, Tofail; Jahan, Afsana; Naidu, Ravi; Rahman, Mohammad MahmudurRice varieties with low arsenic content (As) could address some aspects of human health risks linked to As-tainted rice consumption. This study evaluated 46 rice cultivars from Bangladesh for their total and speciated As (inorganic and organic) in grains. The rice varieties were cultivated under a continuously flooded irrigation system with As-tainted groundwater. The study revealed notable varietal effects on total and speciated As concentrations. The levels of total As in unpolished rice ranged from 219 to 562 μg kg–1 among different rice cultivars, with BRRI dhan47 exhibiting the lowest and BR7 showing the highest concentrations. In brown rice, inorganic As was the dominant form, contributing 54–91% of total As. Nevertheless, a 10% polishing process can significantly diminish the levels of total As (14–39%), inorganic As (12–46%), and DMA (12–36%) found in brown rice. Grain As revealed a negative relationship between the rice grain yield and some beneficial micronutrients. Based on grain As levels, a couple of low As accumulating rice varieties have been identified, which could be promoted to grow in As-prone areas as a low-cost mitigation strategy. Consequently, screening low-accumulation rice cultivars could minimize the As load in humans, which occurs through rice consumption in As-endemic areas.Item First record of three species of leucosiid crabs (Crustacea: Brachyura: Leucosiidae) Arcania heptacantha (De Man, 1907), Arcania septemspinosa (Fabricius, 1787) and Ixa cylindrus (Fabricius, 1777) from Bangladesh(Discover Oceans, 2024-09) Sarkar, Shilpi; Islam, Md. Jayedul; Mia, Md. Rasel; Badhon, Mahatub Khan; Brishti, Parsha Shanjana; Akter, Sharmin; Billah, Md. Baki; Habib, Kazi AhsanThis study reports the first occurrence of three leucosiid crabs, Arcania heptacantha De Man, 1907, Arcania septemspinosa (Fabricius, 1787), and Ixa cylindrus (Fabricius, 1793), from Saint Martin’s Island, Bangladesh. These species were identified using taxonomic accounts based on both morphology and DNA barcoding. The nucleotide sequences of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene (COI) barcode region of all of three species were also identified and submitted to GenBank for the first time. These records update the country’s total number of crab species as well as extend the geographic range of these species to the northeastern Bay of Bengal.Item Morphological and molecular identification of Euclinostomum heterostomum (Trematoda: Clinostomidae) from spotted snakehead Channa punctata in Bangladesh(Systematic Parasitology, 2024-09) Bari, Sayed Mashequl; Amina, Aktia; Nadia, Zubyda Mushtari; Shawon, Raf Ana Rabbi; Rahman, Md. Matiur; Masum, Md. Abdul; Habib, Kazi AhsanParasites belonging to the trematode family Clinostomidae have a global distribution. Freshwater fish in Bangladesh frequently serve as hosts for different clinostomid species. During the metacercaria stage, the digenetic trematode Euclinostomum heterostomum exhibits a specific preference for Channidae species, where it undergoes encystment within the liver, kidneys, and muscles of these hosts. The study aimed to identify E. heterostomum in Channa punctata through combined morphological and molecular analysis. Light and scanning electron microscopy were conducted to investigate the morphological characteristics of the species. The histological examination of the infected liver tissue revealed the presence of encysted flukes, inflammatory leukocyte infiltrates, and degeneration and loosening of hepatic tissue. In molecular analysis, the generated internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1), 5.8S ribosomal DNA and ITS2 regions sequence (GenBank accession no: OR591452) of 830 bp showed 100% identity with Euclinostomum heterostomum identified in India (MT785786). The phylogenetic reconstruction provided substantial evidence of genetic similarities (0–1% genetic distance) among different isolates of the genus Euclinostomum, suggesting that there is a shared heritage.Item First report on the occurrence of Microphallus indicus in the Sartoriana spinigera freshwater crab in Bangladesh(Паразитология, 2024-09) Wasef, Al; Adhikary, Anup Kumar; Abdullah, S. M.; Mohanta, Uday KumarSartoriana spinigera is an edible freshwater crab species that plays an important role as an intermediate host of Microphallus indicus and Paragonimus westermani. P. westermani, the lung fluke, has been reported from northeastern India bordering Bangladesh and other parts of India. Nonetheless the existence of P. westermani in Bangladesh is yet to investigate. Therefore, the objective of the study was to estimate the prevalence of lung flukes in Bangladesh. During the survey, the metacercariae of food-borne trematodes were investigated from a total of 261 fresh-water crabs collected from different locations in Bangladesh. Only the metacercariae of M. indicus were recovered. The overall prevalence of M. indicus metacercariae was 26% with intensity of 1–63 per crab. The highest prevalence was recorded from Naogaon district (83.33%), followed by Sirajgonj (57.5%), Rajshahi (40%), Brahmanbaria (16%), Narsingdi (15%), Faridpur (10%), and Sunamgonj (7%). None of the crabs from Rangpur, Thakurgoan, Jashore, Meherpur, Magura, Barguna, Sylhet, Kishorgonj, Cox’sBazar, and Bandarban were infected. Among the water bodies, the highest number of infected crabs was found in the rivers (56%) followed by haor, canal, and ditches (5%). To the best of our knowledge, this study reports M. indicus for the first time from Bangladesh.Item Prevalence and factors associated with tobacco smoking in Bangladesh(Emerging Themes in Epidemiology, 2024-09) Saha, Joy; Sara, Sabiha Shirin; Ali, Md. Hashan; Razu, Shaharior Rahman; Kundu, Subarna; Haq, Iqramul; Hossain, Md. Ismail; Habib, Md. Jakaria; Islam, Md. Shahidul; Talukder, AshisObjectiveThis study investigates tobacco use in Bangladesh among adults using 2017 Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) data, with the aim of identifying prevalence and associated factors to inform targeted policy interventions.MethodsUtilizing GATS-Bangladesh 2017 data for individuals aged 15 and above, a comprehensive analysis was conducted employing various statistical techniques. Chi-square tests and binary logistic regression were employed to discern patterns and significant associations.ResultsThe prevalence of tobacco use in Bangladesh stood at 19.5%, revealing substantial variations across demographic and socio-economic factors. Males exhibited a significantly higher prevalence (40.4%) than females (0.6%), underscoring the gender disparities. Regional disparities were evident, with Mymensingh showing the highest prevalence at 26%. Various factors, including age, residence, gender, education, occupation, family size, wealth index, smokeless tobacco use, health conditions, and media exposure, displayed significant associations with tobacco use, emphasizing the multifaceted nature of this public health challenge.ConclusionThe findings underscore the imperative for policy interventions that prioritize educational initiatives, targeted interventions for specific demographics, refined communication strategies, and comprehensive health education programs. Notably, the influential role of media and the prevalence of smokeless tobacco use should be integral considerations in the formulation of effective tobacco control policies. Furthermore, the study advocates for longitudinal research to deepen our understanding of dynamic factors influencing tobacco use over time and to assess the effectiveness of implemented interventions. These recommendations aim to guide Bangladesh towards achieving its ambitious goal of becoming “Tobacco Free”.Item Pesticides in widely consumed vegetables in Bangladesh and its health risk(Food Additives and Contaminants Part B, 2024-09) Paul, Mehir Chandra; Ahmed, Md Wadud; Prodhan, Mohammad Dalower Hossain; Dutta, Nirmal Kumar; Ahmed, Md Toukir; Abdullah, Md Masum; Islam, Mohammed Ariful; Khan, Md Sirajul IslamThis study analysed pesticide residues in cauliflower (Brassica oleracea botrytis) and bitter gourd (Momordica charantia), two widely consumed vegetables in Bangladesh, and assessed the associated human health risks. Vegetables were analysed using a modified QuEChERS extraction, followed by gas chromatography with flame thermionic and electron capture detectors. Results showed that in 36.7% of the samples pesticide residues were detected, 90.9% of which exceeding the MRLs of the European Commission, so highlighting serious food safety concerns. Multiple residues were detected in some samples, with chlorpyrifos being the most common present, followed by diazinon, dimethoate and quinalphos. Human health risks, calculated by estimated daily intake and hazard index, indicated potential non-carcinogenic risks from the present pesticides. This study may assist policymakers and authorities in developing strategies for safe vegetable production and quality monitoring to ensure food safety.Item Characterization of Cr(VI)-reducing indigenous bacteria from a long-term tannery waste-contaminated soil(Desalination and Water Treatment, 2024-10) Kabir, Mohammad Mahbub; Akter, Tania; Sabur, Golam Md.; Sultana, Nazmin; Mamun, Md. Fazlul Karim; Kabir, Nasima; Didar-ul-Alam, Md.; Islam, Mohammed Mafizul; Chaity, Farjana Showline; Tijing, Leonard; Shon, Ho KyongThis paper investigated the Cr (VI) detoxification potential of 4 novel bacterial strains isolated from a long-term tannery waste-contaminated soil. Molecular techniques were used to identify the bacterial strains using 16 S rDNA gene sequencing. The Cr (VI) detoxification capacity of the bacteria was determined by 1,5-diphenylcarbazide (DPC) methods. The identified bacterial strains were Bacillus subterraneus MMKT-10, Klebsiella quasivariicola MMKT-15, Acinetobacter seohaensis MMKT-19, and Staphylococcus saprophyticus MMKT-25. All the strains showed maximum tolerance concentration (MTC) of Cr (VI) up to 4000 mg/L. However, in terms of Cr(VI) reduction rate, K. quasivariicola can be considered the most efficient, reducing the two preliminary Cr(VI) concentrations (10 and 20 mg/L) at 15 and 18 h, respectively, while the rest of the strains needed 30 h to reduce the same concentrations from the culture medium. The favorable temperature for Cr(VI) detoxification ranged from 30–40 °C. However, 100 % Cr (VI) reduction was achieved by all the strains at 35 0C. Interestingly, all the bacterial strains reduced a significant amount of Cr (VI) at 50 0C, indicative of their thermotolerant nature. The ideal pH for Cr (VI) reduction was 7 for B. subterraneus MMKT-10 and K. quasivariicola MMKT-15, whereas it was 8 for Acinetobacter seohaensis MMKT-19 and Staphylococcus saprophyticus MMKT-25. The indigenous bacterial strains isolated in this study could be one of the promising candidates for the detoxification of Cr (VI) contaminated sites.