Browsing by Author "Wilairatana, Polrat"

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Alkaloids as drug leads in Alzheimer's treatment: Mechanistic and therapeutic insights
(Scopus, 2024) Islam, Md. Rezaul; Akash, Shopnil; Islam, Mohammed Murshedul; Sarkar, Nadia; Kumer, Ajoy; Chakraborty, Sandip; Dhama, Kuldeep; Al-Shaeri, Majed Ahmed; Anwar, Yasir; Wilairatana, Polrat; Rauf, Abdur; Halawani, Ibrahim F.; Alzahrani, Fuad M.; Khan, Haroon
Alzheimer's disease (AD) has few effective treatment options and continues to be a major global health concern. AD is a neurodegenerative disease that typically affects elderly people. Alkaloids have potential sources for novel drug discovery due to their diverse chemical structures and pharmacological activities. Alkaloids, natural products with heterocyclic nitrogen-containing structures, are considered potential treatments for AD. This review explores the neuroprotective properties of alkaloids in AD, focusing on their ability to regulate pathways such as amyloid-beta aggregation, oxidative stress, synaptic dysfunction, tau hyperphosphorylation, and neuroinflammation. The FDA has approved alkaloids such as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors like galantamine and rivastigmine. This article explores AD's origins, current market medications, and clinical applications of alkaloids in AD therapy. This review explores the development of alkaloid-based drugs for AD, focusing on pharmacokinetics, blood–brain barrier penetration, and potential adverse effects. Future research should focus on the clinical evaluation of promising alkaloids, developing recently discovered alkaloids, and the ongoing search for novel alkaloids for medical treatment. A pharmaceutical option containing an alkaloid may potentially slow down the progression of AD while enhancing its symptoms. This review highlights the potential of alkaloids as valuable drug leads in treating AD, providing a comprehensive understanding of their mechanisms of action and therapeutic implications.
Alkaloids as Drug Leads in Alzheimer's Treatment: Mechanistic and Therapeutic Insights
(Elsevier, 2024-07-01) Islam, Md. Rezaul; Akash, Shopnil; Islam, Mohammed Murshedul; Sarkar, Nadia; Kumer, Ajoy; Chakraborty, Sandip; Dhama, Kuldeep; Al-Shaeri, Majed Ahmed; Anwar, Yasir; Wilairatana, Polrat; Rauf, Abdur; Halawani, Ibrahim F.; Alzahrani, Fuad M.; Khan, Haroon
Alzheimer's disease (AD) has few effective treatment options and continues to be a major global health concern. AD is a neurodegenerative disease that typically affects elderly people. Alkaloids have potential sources for novel drug discovery due to their diverse chemical structures and pharmacological activities. Alkaloids, natural products with heterocyclic nitrogen-containing structures, are considered potential treatments for AD. This review explores the neuroprotective properties of alkaloids in AD, focusing on their ability to regulate pathways such as amyloid-beta aggregation, oxidative stress, synaptic dysfunction, tau hyperphosphorylation, and neuroinflammation. The FDA has approved alkaloids such as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors like galantamine and rivastigmine. This article explores AD's origins, current market medications, and clinical applications of alkaloids in AD therapy. This review explores the development of alkaloid-based drugs for AD, focusing on pharmacokinetics, blood–brain barrier penetration, and potential adverse effects. Future research should focus on the clinical evaluation of promising alkaloids, developing recently discovered alkaloids, and the ongoing search for novel alkaloids for medical treatment. A pharmaceutical option containing an alkaloid may potentially slow down the progression of AD while enhancing its symptoms. This review highlights the potential of alkaloids as valuable drug leads in treating AD, providing a comprehensive understanding of their mechanisms of action and therapeutic implications.
Analyzing the Public Sentiment on COVID-19 Vaccination in Social Media
(Daffodil International University, 22-05-16) Rahman, Md. Mominur; Islam, Md. Rezaul; Akash, Shopnil; -Or-Rashid, Md. Harun; Ray, Tanmay Kumar; Rahaman, Md. Saidur; Islam, Mahfuzul; Anika, Fazilatunnesa; Hosain, Md. Kawser; Aovi, Farjana Islam; Hemeg, Hassan A.; Rauf, Abdur; Wilairatana, Polrat
Nanoscale engineering is one of the innovative approaches to heal multitudes of ailments, such as varieties of malignancies, neurological problems, and infectious illnesses. Therapeutics for neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) may be modified in aspect because of their ability to stimulate physiological response while limiting negative consequences by interfacing and activating possible targets. Nanomaterials have been extensively studied and employed for cancerous therapeutic strategies since nanomaterials potentially play a significant role in medical transportation. When compared to conventional drug delivery, nanocarriers drug delivery offers various benefits, such as excellent reliability, bioactivity, improved penetration and retention impact, as well as precise targeting and administering. Upregulation of drug efflux transporters, dysfunctional apoptotic mechanisms, and a hypoxic atmosphere are all elements that lead to cancer treatment sensitivity in humans. It has been possible to target these pathways using nanoparticles and increase the effectiveness of multidrug resistance treatments. As innovative strategies of tumor chemoresistance are uncovered, nanomaterials are being developed to target specific pathways of tumor resilience. Scientists have recently begun investigating the function of nanoparticles in immunotherapy, a field that is becoming increasingly useful in the care of malignancies. Nanoscale therapeutics have been explored in this scientific literature and represent the most current approaches to neurodegenerative illnesses and cancer therapy. In addition, current findings and various biomedical nanomaterials' future promise for tissue regeneration, prospective medication design, and the synthesis of novel delivery approaches have been emphasized.
Bioactive Compounds and Their Derivatives
(Daffodil International University, 2022-04-11) Islam, Fahadul; Khadija, Jannatul Fardous; Rashid, Md. Harun-Or-; Rahaman, Md. Saidur; Nafady, Mohamed H.; Islam, Md. Rezaul; Akter, Aklima; Emran, Talha Bin; Wilairatana, Polrat; Mubarak, Mohammad S.
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative brain disorder that causes cellular response alterations, such as impaired cholinergic mechanism, amyloid-beta (Aβ) AD aggregation, neuroinflammation, and several other pathways. AD is still the most prevalent form of dementia and affects many individuals across the globe. The exact cause of the disorder is obscure. There are yet no effective medications for halting, preventing, or curing AD’s progress. Plenty of natural products are isolated from several sources and analyzed in preclinical and clinical settings for neuroprotective effects in preventing and treating AD. In addition, natural products and their derivatives have been promising in treating and preventing AD. Natural bioactive compounds play an active modulatory role in the pathological molecular mechanisms of AD development. This review focuses on natural products from plant sources and their derivatives that have demonstrated neuroprotective activities and maybe promising to treat and prevent AD. In addition, this article summarizes the literature pertaining to natural products as agents in the treatment of AD. Rapid metabolism, nonspecific targeting, low solubility, lack of BBB permeability, and limited bioavailability are shortcomings of most bioactive molecules in treating AD. We can use nanotechnology and nanocarriers based on different types of approaches.
Bioactive Molecules From Terrestrial and Seafood Resources in Hypertension Treatment
(Springer Nature Limited, 2023-10-30) Islam, Md. Rezaul; Dhar, Puja Sutro; Akash, Shopnil; Syed, Sabeena Hussain; Gupta, Jeetendra Kumar; Gandla, Kumaraswamy; Akter, Muniya; Rauf, Abdur; Hemeg, Hassan A.; Anwar, Yasir; Aljohny, Bassam Oudh; Wilairatana, Polrat
Hypertension (HTN), a complex cardiovascular disease (CVD), significantly impacts global health, prompting a growing interest in complementary and alternative therapeutic approaches. This review article seeks to provide an up-to-date and thorough summary of modern therapeutic techniques for treating HTN, with an emphasis on the molecular mechanisms of action found in substances found in plants, herbs, and seafood. Bioactive molecules have been a significant source of novel therapeutics and are crucial in developing and testing new HTN remedies. Recent advances in science have made it possible to understand the complex molecular mechanisms underlying blood pressure (BP)-regulating effects of these natural substances better. Polyphenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, and peptides are examples of bioactive compounds that have demonstrated promise in influencing several pathways involved in regulating vascular tone, reducing oxidative stress (OS), reducing inflammation, and improving endothelial function. The article explains the vasodilatory, diuretic, and renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS) modifying properties of vital plants such as garlic and olive leaf. Phytochemicals from plants are the primary in traditional drug development as models for novel antihypertensive drugs, providing diverse strategies to combat HTN due to their biological actions. The review also discusses the functions of calcium channel blockers originating from natural sources, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, and nitric oxide (NO) donors. Including seafood components in this study demonstrates the increased interest in using bioactive chemicals originating from marine sources to treat HTN. Omega-3 fatty acids, peptides, and minerals obtained from seafood sources have anti-inflammatory, vasodilatory, and antioxidant properties that improve vascular health and control BP. Overall, we discussed the multiple functions of bioactive molecules and seafood components in the treatment of HTN.
Development of New Bioactive Molecules To Treat Breast and Lung Cancer with Natural Myricetin and Its Derivatives
(Daffodil International University, 22-09-27) Akash, Shopnil; Kumer, Ajoy; Rahman, Md. Mominur; Emran, Talha Bin; Sharma, Rohit; Singla, Rajeev K.; Alhumaydhi, Fahad A.; Khandaker, Mayeen Uddin; Park, Moon Nyeo; Idris, Abubakr M.; Wilairatana, Polrat; Kim, Bonglee
Each biopharmaceutical research and new drug development investigation is targeted at discovering novel and potent medications for managing specific ailments. Thus, to discover and develop new potent medications, it should be performed sequentially or step by step. This is because drug development is a lengthy and risky work that requires significant money, resources, and labor. Breast and lung cancer contributes to the death of millions of people throughout the world each year, according to the report of the World Health Organization, and has been a public threat worldwide, although the global medical sector is developed and updated day by day. However, no proper treatment has been found until now. Therefore, this research has been conducted to find a new bioactive molecule to treat breast and lung cancer-such as natural myricetin and its derivatives-by using the latest and most authentic computer-aided drug-design approaches. At the beginning of this study, the biological pass prediction spectrum was calculated to select the target protein. It is noted that the probability of active (Pa) score is better in the antineoplastic (Pa: 0.788-0.938) in comparison with antiviral (Pa: 0.236-0.343), antibacterial (Pa: 0.274-0.421), and antifungal (Pa: 0.226-0.508). Thus, cancerous proteins, such as in breast and lung cancer, were picked up, and the computational investigation was continued. Furthermore, the docking score was found to be -7.3 to -10.4 kcal/mol for breast cancer (standard epirubicin hydrochloride, -8.3 kcal/mol), whereas for lung cancer, the score was -8.2 to -9.6 kcal/mol (standard carboplatin, -5.5 kcal/mol). The docking score is the primary concern, revealing that myricetin derivatives have better docking scores than standard chemotherapeutic agents epirubicin hydrochloride and carboplatin. Finally, drug-likeness, ADME, and toxicity prediction were fulfilled in this investigation, and it is noted that all the derivatives were highly soluble in a water medium, whereas they were totally free from AMES toxicity, hepatotoxicity, and skin sensitization, excluding only ligands 1 and 7. Thus, we proposed that the natural myricetin derivatives could be a better inhibitor for treating breast and lung cancer.
Diallyl Disulfide
(Daffodil International University, 2022-08-12) Mitra, Saikat; Das, Rajib; Emran, Talha Bin; Labib, Rafiuddin Khan; -E-Tabassum, Noor; Islam, Fahadul; Sharma, Rohit; Ahmad, Islamudin; Nainu, Firzan; Chidambaram, Kumarappan; Alhumaydhi, Fahad A.; Chandran, Deepak; Capasso, Raffaele; Wilairatana, Polrat
Cancer is a life-threatening disease caused by the uncontrolled division of cells, which culminates in a solid mass of cells known as a tumor or liquid cancer. It is the leading cause of mortality worldwide, and the number of cancer patients has been increasing at an alarming rate, with an estimated 20 million cases expected by 2030. Thus, the use of complementary or alternative therapeutic techniques that can help prevent cancer has been the subject of increased attention. Garlic, the most widely used plant medicinal product, exhibits a wide spectrum of biological activities, including antibacterial, hypo-lipidemic, antithrombotic, and anticancer effects. Diallyl disulfide (DADS) is a major organosulfur compound contained within garlic. Recently, several experimental studies have demonstrated that DADS exhibits anti-tumor activity against many types of tumor cells, including gynecological cancers (cervical cancer, ovarian cancer), hematological cancers (leukemia, lymphoma), lung cancer, neural cancer, skin cancer, prostate cancer, gastrointestinal tract and associated cancers (esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer), hepatocellular cancer cell line, etc. The mechanisms behind the anticancer action of DADS include epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), invasion, and migration. This article aims to review the available information regarding the anti-cancer potential of DADS, as well as summarize its mechanisms of action, bioavailability, and pharmacokinetics from published clinical and toxicity studies.
Exploring the Role of Natural Bioactive Molecules in Genitourinary Cancers
(Springer, 2023-10-16) Islam, Fahadul; Nath, Nikhil; Zehravi, Mehrukh; Khan, Jishan; Jashim, Sumiya Ben‑Ta; Charde, Manoj Shrawan; Chakole, Rita Dadarao; Kumar, Praveen; Babu, A. Kishore; Nainu, Firzan; Khan, Sharuk L.; Rab, Safia Obaidur; Emran, Talha Bin; Wilairatana, Polrat
The primary approaches to treat cancerous diseases include drug treatment, surgical procedures, biotherapy, and radiation therapy. Chemotherapy has been the primary treatment for cancer for a long time, but its main drawback is that it kills cancerous cells along with healthy ones, leading to deadly adverse health effects. However, genitourinary cancer has become a concern in recent years as it is more common in middle-aged people. So, researchers are trying to find possible therapeutic options from natural small molecules due to the many drawbacks associated with chemotherapy and other radiation-based therapies. Plenty of research was conducted regarding genitourinary cancer to determine the promising role of natural small molecules. So, this review focused on natural small molecules along with their potential therapeutic targets in the case of genitourinary cancers such as prostate cancer, renal cancer, bladder cancer, testicular cancer, and so on. Also, this review states some ongoing or completed clinical evidence in this regard.
Genus Amorphophallus: A Comprehensive Overview on Phytochemistry, Ethnomedicinal Uses, and Pharmacological Activities
(MDPI Publications, 2023-11-23) Islam, Fahadul; Labib, Rafiuddin Khan; Zehravi, Mehrukh; Lami, Mashia Subha; Das, Rajib; Singh, Laliteshwar Pratap; Mandhadi, Jithendar Reddy; Balan, P.; Khan, Jishan; Khan, Sharuk L.; Nainu, Firzan; Nafady, Mohamed H.; Rab, Safia Obaidur; Emran, Talha Bin; Wilairatana, Polrat
The genus Amorphophallus belongs to the family Araceae. Plants belonging to this genus are available worldwide and have been used in traditional medicines since ancient times, mainly in Ayurveda and Unani medical practices. Amorphophallus species are an abundant source of polyphenolic compounds; these are accountable for their pharmacological properties, such as their analgesic, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, anticonvulsant, antibacterial, antioxidant, anticancer, antiobesity, and immunomodulatory effects, as well as their ability to prevent gastrointestinal disturbance and reduce blood glucose. Moreover, Amorphophallus species contain numerous other classes of chemical compounds, such as alkaloids, steroids, fats and fixed oils, tannins, proteins, and carbohydrates, each of which contributes to the pharmacological effects for the treatment of acute rheumatism, tumors, lung swelling, asthma, vomiting, abdominal pain, and so on. Additionally, Amorphophallus species have been employed in numerous herbal formulations and pharmaceutical applications. There has been no extensive review conducted on the Amorphophallus genus as of yet, despite the fact that several experimental studies are being published regularly discussing these plants' pharmacological properties. So, this review discusses in detail the pharmacological properties of Amorphophallus species. We also discuss phytochemical constituents in the Amorphophallus species and their ethnomedicinal uses and toxicological profiles.
In Silico Investigation and Potential Therapeutic Approaches of Natural Products for COVID-19
(Daffodil International University, 2022-08-22) Rahman, Md. Mominur; Islam, Md. Rezaul; Akash, Shopnil; Mim, Sadia Afsana; Rahaman, Md. Saidur; Emran, Talha Bin; Akkol, Esra Küpeli; Sharma, Rohit; Alhumaydhi, Fahad A.; Sweilam, Sherouk Hussein; Hossain, Md. Emon; Ray, Tanmay Kumar; Sultana, Sharifa; Ahmed, Muniruddin; Sobarzo-Sa´nchez, Eduardo; Wilairatana, Polrat
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused a substantial number of deaths around the world, making it a serious and pressing public health hazard. Phytochemicals could thus provide a rich source of potent and safer anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs. The absence of approved treatments or vaccinations continues to be an issue, forcing the creation of new medicines. Computer-aided drug design has helped to speed up the drug research and development process by decreasing costs and time. Natural compounds like terpenoids, alkaloids, polyphenols, and flavonoid derivatives have a perfect impact against viral replication and facilitate future studies in novel drug discovery. This would be more effective if collaboration took place between governments, researchers, clinicians, and traditional medicine practitioners’ safe and effective therapeutic research. Through a computational approach, this study aims to contribute to the development of effective treatment methods by examining the mechanisms relating to the binding and subsequent inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 ribonucleic acid (RNA)-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). The in silico method has also been employed to determine the most effective drug among the mentioned compound and their aquatic, nonaquatic, and pharmacokinetics’ data have been analyzed. The highest binding energy has been reported -11.4 kcal/mol against SARS-CoV-2 main protease (7MBG) in L05. Besides, all the ligands are non-carcinogenic, excluding L04, and have good water solubility and no AMES toxicity. The discovery of preclinical drug candidate molecules and the structural elucidation of pharmacological therapeutic targets have expedited both structure-based and ligand-based drug design. This review article will assist physicians and researchers in realizing the enormous potential of computer-aided drug design in the design and discovery of therapeutic molecules, and hence in the treatment of deadly diseases.
Neuroinflammatory Markers
(Daffodil International University, 2022-05-17) Rauf, Abdur; Badoni, Himani; Abu-Izneid, Tareq; Olatunde, Ahmed; Rahman, Md Mominur; Painuli, Sakshi; Semwal, Prabhakar; Wilairatana, Polrat; S Mubarak, Mohammad
Neuroinflammation, a protective response of the central nervous system (CNS), is associated with the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. The CNS is composed of neurons and glial cells consisting of microglia, oligodendrocytes, and astrocytes. Entry of any foreign pathogen activates the glial cells (astrocytes and microglia) and overactivation of these cells triggers the release of various neuroinflammatory markers (NMs), such as the tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-1β (IL-10), nitric oxide (NO), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), among others. Various studies have shown the role of neuroinflammatory markers in the occurrence, diagnosis, and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. These markers also trigger the formation of various other factors responsible for causing several neuronal diseases including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), multiple sclerosis (MS), ischemia, and several others. This comprehensive review aims to reveal the mechanism of neuroinflammatory markers (NMs), which could cause different neurodegenerative disorders. Important NMs may represent pathophysiologic processes leading to the generation of neurodegenerative diseases. In addition, various molecular alterations related to neurodegenerative diseases are discussed. Identifying these NMs may assist in the early diagnosis and detection of therapeutic targets for treating various neurodegenerative diseases.
Neuropharmacological Potential of Honokiol and Its Derivatives From Chinese Herb Magnolia Species: Understandings From Therapeutic Viewpoint
(PubMed Central Press, 2023-11-24) Faysal, Md.; Khan, Jishan; Zehravi, Mehrukh; Nath, Nikhil; Singh, Laliteshwar Pratap; Kakkar, Saloni; Perusomula, Rajashekar; Khan, Pathan Amanulla; Nainu, Firzan; Asiri, Mohammed; Khan, Sharuk L.; Das, Rajib; Emran, Talha Bin; Wilairatana, Polrat
Honokiol is a neolignan biphenol found in aerial parts of the Magnolia plant species. The Magnolia plant species traditionally belong to China and have been used for centuries to treat many pathological conditions. Honokiol mitigates the severity of several pathological conditions and has the potential to work as an anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenic, anticancer, antioxidant, and neurotherapeutic agent. It has a long history of being employed in the healthcare practices of Southeast Asia, but in recent years, a greater scope of research has been conducted on it. Plenty of experimental evidence suggests it could be beneficial as a neuroprotective bioactive molecule. Honokiol has several pharmacological effects, leading to its exploration as a potential therapy for neurological diseases (NDs), including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), cerebral ischemia, anxiety, depression, spinal cord injury, and so on. So, based on the previous experimentation reports, our goal is to discuss the neuroprotective properties of honokiol. Besides, honokiol derivatives have been highlighted recently as possible therapeutic options for NDs. So, this review focuses on honokiol's neurotherapeutic actions and toxicological profile to determine their safety and potential use in neurotherapeutics.
Omicron Variant (B.1.1.529) and Its Sublineages
(Daffodil International University, 22-08-15) Dhawan, Manish; Rahman, Abdul; A Saied, Abdul Rahman; Mitra, Saikat; Alhumaydhi, Fahad A.; Emran, Talha Bin; Wilairatana, Polrat
Since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, numerous variants of SARS-CoV-2 have been reported worldwide. The advent of variants of concern (VOCs) raises severe concerns amid the serious containment efforts against COVID-19 that include physical measures, pharmacological repurposing, immunization, and genomic/community surveillance. Omicron variant (B.1.1.529) has been identified as a highly modified, contagious, and crucial variant among the five VOCs of SARS-CoV-2. The increased affinity of the spike protein (S-protein), and host receptor, angiotensin converting enzyme-2 (ACE-2), due to a higher number of mutations in the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the S-protein has been proposed as the primary reason for the decreased efficacy of majorly available vaccines against the Omicron variant and the increased transmissible nature of the Omicron variant. Because of its significant competitive advantage, the Omicron variant and its sublineages swiftly surpassed other variants to become the dominant circulating lineages in a number of nations. The Omicron variant has been identified as a prevalent strain in the United Kingdom and South Africa. Furthermore, the emergence of recombinant variants through the conjunction of the Omicron variant with other variants or by the mixing of the Omicron variant's sublineages/subvariants poses a major threat to humanity. This raises various issues and hazards regarding the Omicron variant and its sublineages, such as an Omicron variant breakout in susceptible populations among fully vaccinated persons. As a result, understanding the features and genetic implications of this variant is crucial. Hence, we explained in depth the evolution and features of the Omicron variant and analyzed the repercussions of spike mutations on infectiousness, dissemination ability, viral entry mechanism, and immune evasion. We also presented a viewpoint on feasible strategies for precluding and counteracting any future catastrophic emergence and spread of the omicron variant and its subline ages that could result in a detrimental wave of COVID-19 cases.
Polyphenols as Therapeutics in Respiratory Diseases: Moving from Preclinical Evidence to Potential Clinical Applications
(2024-06-03) Bin Emran, Talha; Eva, Taslima Akter; Zehravi, Mehrukh; Islam, Fahadul; Khan, Jishan; Kareemulla, Shaik; Venkata Arjun, Uppuluri Varuna Naga; Balakrishnan, Anitha; Taru, Poonam Popatrao; Nainu, Firzan; Salim, Emil; Rab, Safia Obaidur; H Nafady, Mohamed; Wilairatana, Polrat; Park, Moon Nyeo; Kim, Bonglee
Respiratory diseases are the most common and severe health complication and a leading cause of death worldwide. Despite breakthroughs in diagnosis and treatment, few safe and effective therapeutics have been reported. Phytochemicals are gaining popularity due to their beneficial effects and low toxicity. Polyphenols are secondary metabolites with high molecular weights found at high levels in natural food sources such as fruits, vegetables, grains, and citrus seeds. Over recent decades, polyphenols and their beneficial effects on human health have been the subject of intense research, with notable successes in preventing major chronic non-communicable diseases. Many respiratory syndromes can be treated effectively with polyphenolic supplements, including acute lung damage, pulmonary fibrosis, asthma, pulmonary hypertension, and lung cancer. This review summarizes the role of polyphenols in respiratory conditions with sufficient experimental data, highlights polyphenols with beneficial effects for each, and identifies those with therapeutic potential and their underlying mechanisms. Moreover, clinical studies and future research opportunities in this area are discussed.
Polyphenols as Therapeutics in Respiratory Diseases: Moving from Preclinical Evidence to Potential Clinical Applications
(Ivyspring International Publisher, 2024-06-03) Emran, Talha Bin; Eva, Taslima Akter; Zehrav, Mehrukh; Islam, Fahadul; Khan, Jishan; Kareemulla, Shaik; Arjun, Uppuluri Varuna Naga Venkata; Balakrishnan, Anitha; Taru, Poonam Popatrao; Nainu, Firzan; Salim, Emil; Rab, Safia Obaidur; Nafady; Wilairatana, Polrat; Park, Moon Nyeo; Kim, Bonglee
Respiratory diseases are the most common and severe health complication and a leading cause of death worldwide. Despite breakthroughs in diagnosis and treatment, few safe and effective therapeutics have been reported. Phytochemicals are gaining popularity due to their beneficial effects and low toxicity. Polyphenols are secondary metabolites with high molecular weights found at high levels in natural food sources such as fruits, vegetables, grains, and citrus seeds. Over recent decades, polyphenols and their beneficial effects on human health have been the subject of intense research, with notable successes in preventing major chronic non-communicable diseases. Many respiratory syndromes can be treated effectively with polyphenolic supplements, including acute lung damage, pulmonary fibrosis, asthma, pulmonary hypertension, and lung cancer. This review summarizes the role of polyphenols in respiratory conditions with sufficient experimental data, highlights polyphenols with beneficial effects for each, and identifies those with therapeutic potential and their underlying mechanisms. Moreover, clinical studies and future research opportunities in this area are discussed.
Research Progress of Indole Alkaloids: Targeting MAP Kinase Signaling Pathways in Cancer Treatment
(MDPI Publications, 2023-11-07) Al Amin, Md.; Emran, Talha Bin; Khan, Jishan; Zehravi, Mehrukh; Sharma, Indu; Patil, Anasuya; Gupta, Jeetendra Kumar; Jeslin, D.; Krishnan, Karthickeyan; Das, Rajib; Nainu, Firzan; Ahmad, Irfan; Wilairatana, Polrat
Cancer is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in people throughout the world. There are many signaling pathways associated with cancerous diseases, from which the Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway performs a significant role in this regard. Apoptosis and proliferation are correlated with MAPK signaling pathways. Plenty of experimental investigations were carried out to assess the role of indole alkaloids in MAPK-mediated cancerous diseases. Previous reports established that indole alkaloids, such as vincristine and evodiamine are useful small molecules in cancer treatment via the MAPK signaling system. Indole alkaloids have the anticancer potential through different pathways. Vincristine and evodiamine are naturally occurring indole alkaloids that have strong anticancer properties. Additionally, much research is ongoing or completed with molecules belonging to this group. The current review aims to evaluate how indole alkaloids affect the MAPK signaling pathway in cancer treatment. Additionally, we focused on the advancement in the role of indole alkaloids, with the intention of modifying the MAPK signaling pathways to investigate potential new anticancer small molecules. Furthermore, clinical trials with indole alkaloids in cancer treatment are also highlighted.
Targeted therapies of curcumin focus on its therapeutic benefits in cancers and human health: Molecular signaling pathway-based approaches and future perspectives
(Scopus, 2024-01) Islam, Md. Rezaul; Rauf, Abdur; Akash, Shopnil; Trisha, Sadiya Islam; Nasim, Akram Hossain; Akter, Muniya; Dhar, Puja Sutro; Ogaly, Hanan A.; Hemeg, Hassan A.; Wilairatana, Polrat; Thiruvengadam, Muthu
The curry powder spices turmeric (Curcuma longa L.), which contains curcumin (diferuloylmethane), an orange-yellow chemical. Polyphenols are the most commonly used sources of curcumin. It combats oxidative stress and inflammation in diseases, such as hyperlipidemia, metabolic syndrome, arthritis, and depression. Most of these benefits are due to their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Curcumin consumption leads to decreased bioavailability, resulting in limited absorption, quick metabolism, and quick excretion, which hinders health improvement. Numerous factors can increase its bioavailability. Piperine enhances bioavailability when combined with curcumin in a complex. When combined with other enhancing agents, curcumin has a wide spectrum of health benefits. This review evaluates the therapeutic potential of curcumin with a specific emphasis on its approach based on molecular signaling pathways. This study investigated its influence on the progression of cancer, inflammation, and many health-related mechanisms, such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis. Curcumin has a significant potential for the prevention and treatment of various diseases. Curcumin modulates several biochemical pathways and targets involved in cancer growth. Despite its limited tissue accumulation and bioavailability when administered orally, curcumin has proven useful. This review provides an in-depth analysis of curcumin's therapeutic applications, its molecular signaling pathway-based approach, and its potential for precision medicine in cancer and human health.
Targeted Therapies of Curcumin Focus on Its Therapeutic Benefits in Cancers and Human Health: Molecular Signaling Pathway-based Approaches and Future Perspectives
(Elsevier, 2024-01-20) Islam, Md. Rezaul; Rauf, Abdur; Akash, Shopnil; Trisha, Sadiya Islam; Nasim, Akram Hossain; Akter, Muniya; Dhar, Puja Sutro; Ogaly, Hanan A.; Hemeg, Hassan A.; Wilairatana, Polrat; Thiruvengadam, Muthu
The curry powder spices turmeric (Curcuma longa L.), which contains curcumin (diferuloylmethane), an orange-yellow chemical. Polyphenols are the most commonly used sources of curcumin. It combats oxidative stress and inflammation in diseases, such as hyperlipidemia, metabolic syndrome, arthritis, and depression. Most of these benefits are due to their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Curcumin consumption leads to decreased bioavailability, resulting in limited absorption, quick metabolism, and quick excretion, which hinders health improvement. Numerous factors can increase its bioavailability. Piperine enhances bioavailability when combined with curcumin in a complex. When combined with other enhancing agents, curcumin has a wide spectrum of health benefits. This review evaluates the therapeutic potential of curcumin with a specific emphasis on its approach based on molecular signaling pathways. This study investigated its influence on the progression of cancer, inflammation, and many health-related mechanisms, such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis. Curcumin has a significant potential for the prevention and treatment of various diseases. Curcumin modulates several biochemical pathways and targets involved in cancer growth. Despite its limited tissue accumulation and bioavailability when administered orally, curcumin has proven useful. This review provides an in-depth analysis of curcumin's therapeutic applications, its molecular signaling pathway-based approach, and its potential for precision medicine in cancer and human health.