Browsing by Author "Sharmin, Amina"

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A STUDY ON EPIDEMIOLOGY OF HIGHLY PATHOGENIC AVIAN INFLUENZA (HPAI), IN CHITTAGONG, BANGLADESH.
(Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University Khulshi, Chattogram-4225, Bangladesh, 2011-01) Sharmin, Amina
The purpose of this study is to provide general information about avian influenza (bird flu) and specific information about one type of bird flu, called avian influenza A (H5N1¬) that has caused infections in birds in Bangladesh. The main materials in this study are based on the Department of Livestock Services (DLS), World Health Organization (WHO) and Office International des Epizootics (OIE) since February 5 2007, highly pathogenic (H5N1¬) avian influenza viruses has swept through poultry populations across Bangladesh, and parts of Chittagong. Their outbreaks are historically unprecedented in scale and geographical spread. Their economic impact on the agricultural sector of the affected region has been large. Influenza viruses are genetically unstable and their behaviors cannot be predicted, so the risk of further human cases persists. The human health implications have now gained importance, both for illness and fatalities that have occurred following natural infection, with avian viruses, and for the potential of generating a re-assortment virus that could give rise to the next human influenza pandemic
A STUDY ON PRODUCTIVE AND REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF BUFFALO IN GOVERNMENT BUFFALO BREEDING FARM (GBBF), BAGERHAT
(Chattogram Veterinary & Animal |Sciences University, 2011-02) Sharmin, Amina
The study was under taken to evaluate the performance of productive and reproductive traits of buffaloes reared in Government Buffalo Breeding Farm (GBBF).For achieving these objectives a sample of 100 buffaloes were observed in only one buffalo breeding farm in GBBF. The average birth weight, weaning weight, lactation length, milk production per day, milk production per lactation were 26.5 kg, 105.5 kg, 255 days, 6.5 liters, and 1680 liters respectively. The average age of puberty, body weight at puberty, conception rate, gestation length, age at 1st calving, and calving interval were 33 months, 200kg, 64.25%, 307.5 days, 51 months, and 547 days respectively
Prevalence of Bacterial Diseases of Commercial Poultry at Chittagong
(Submitted for Partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Master of Science (MS) in Microbiology Department of Microbiology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Sciences University Khulshi, Chittagong, 2013-12) Sharmin, Amina
The aim of the present work was to determine the prevalence of bacterial diseases of commercial poultry in Chittagong region through a cross-sectional study. A ten months long study was conducted from August 2011 to May 2012. A questionnaire was used to record additional information, such as age and type of birds, litter type farm category, sex, pathological lesions present, sample collection site, etc. In total, 320 dead chickens were subjected to postmortem and organs (trachea, lungs, liver) along with swab (pus) samples were collected. First of all a tentative diagnosis was made on the basis of observation of clinical signs and postmortem lesions. Then all the postmortem samples were inoculated into nutrient broth followed by inoculation into specific media, such as EMB and mannitol salt agar to determine by their typical colony characterization as E. coli or staphylococcus. sp. respectively. They were further tested with Spot indole test and coagulase test for E.coli and Staphylococcus.sp respectively. Bacteriologically positive organisms were finally tested by PCR using previously published primer sets to detect a 16S rRNA gene specific for E.coli and 16S-23S rRNA-spacer gene for staphylococcus. sp. The bacterial agents isolated and identified from the samples were also investigated for their antibiotic resistance pattern. An attempt was also made to establish a relationship of this resistance pattern with other factors like season, production type and age. Out of the samples collected from 320 chickens 58% were found to be positive for bacterial growth. According to clinical signs and postmortem lesions 48.44% of the chickens were diagnosed tentatively as the case of Colibacillosis and 8% as the case of staphylococcosis. Using the method of confirmatory diagnosis (bacteriological culture and biochemical test) the rate of colibacillosis and staphylococcosis was found to be 48.44% and 8% respectively. The prevalence of E.coli in chickens was highest during autumn (74%) followed by winter (60%) and then summer (21%). Prevalence was higher in commercial broilers (55%) than in commercial layers (25%) and according to age group it was higher in ≤30 days age groups (56%) compared to adults (4%). Prevalence of colibacillosis was found highest (56%) in saw dust litter management system with the lowest (18%) being in rice husk management system. Staphylococcosis was found to occur in chickens at the rate of 22% during autumn and during winter the rate of occurrence of the disease was only 5%. In Culture sensitivity (CS) test the organisms under study were found 100% sensitive to cephradin (CH) and kanamycine (Kacin) but completely resistant to ampicillin, penicillin and ciprofloxacin. For E. coli cephalexin (86%) and doxycycline (69%) showed intermediate sensitivity but, amoxycilline and enrofloxacin showed 84.11% and 45.14% resistance respectively. For staphylococci cephalexin showed intermediate sensitivity (81%) but, doxycycline and amoxycillin showed 100% sensitivity. On the other hand colistin sulphate, enrofloxacin and neomycin showed 63%, 96.3% and 100 % resistance respectively. The extracted DNA was amplified by PCR using ECO-f and ECO-r primer targeting the E. coli 16S ribosomal RNA and a 585 bp amplicon was found after 1% agarose gel electrophoresis that confirmed the isolates to be E. coli.