Browsing by Author "Sharma, Rohit"

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A Decade's Worth of Impact Dox Loaded Liposomes in Anticancer Activity
(Daffodil International University, 22-11-01) Ghosh, Puja; Tiwari, Himja; Lakkakula, Jaya; Roy, Arpita; Emran, Talha Bin; Rashid, Summya; Alghamdi, Saad; Rajab, Bodour S.; Almehmadi, Mazen; Allahyani, Mamdouh; Aljuaid, Abdulelah; Alsaiari, Ahad Amer; Sharma, Rohit; Babalghith, Ahmad O.
Clinically approved therapeutics associated with cancer are limited to mostly chemotherapy, surgery and radiotherapy in spite of the advancements in the biomedical field. Due to the cardiotoxicity and uncountable side effects brought by the prevailing treatment strategies, demands are growing for targeted drug delivery using nanomaterials. For this the most commonly used drug, doxorubicin (DOX) is encapsulated within several type of nanovesicles to observe their anticancer activity. Among them, DOX encapsulated liposomes gained popularity because of their clinical success and lower toxicity. To enhance their efficiency and site specific delivery, attempts are made to modify the liposomes by combining them with peptides, aptamers, antibodies etc to develop pH, thermal, UV-sensitive and electro-magnetic liposomal nanocarriers for controlled drug release. The novel strategies for the treatment of Breast, Lung, Liver, Pancreatic, Prostate, Ovarian, Cervical, Blood, Brain and Colon cancer using modified liposomes encapsulating DOX are illustrated in this review.
A Drug Design Strategy Based on Molecular Docking and Molecular Dynamics Simulations Applied to Development of Inhibitor Against Triple-Negative Breast Cancer by Scutellarein Derivatives
(PLOS, 2023-10-12) Akash, Shopnil; Aovi, Farjana Islam; Azad, Md. A. K.; Kumer, Ajoy; Chakma, Unesco; Islam, Md. Rezaul; Mukerjee, Nobendu; Rahman, Md. Mominur; Bayıl, Imren; Rashid, Summya; Sharma, Rohit
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), accounting for 10–15% of all breast malignancies, is more prevalent in women under 40, particularly in those of African descent or carrying the BRCA1 mutation. TNBC is characterized by the absence of estrogen and progesterone receptors (ER, PR) and low or elevated HER2 expression. It represents a particularly aggressive form of breast cancer with limited therapeutic options and a poorer prognosis. In our study, we utilized the protein of TNBC collected from the Protein Data Bank (PDB) with the most stable configuration. We selected Scutellarein, a bioactive molecule renowned for its anti-cancer properties, and used its derivatives to design potential anti-cancer drugs employing computational tools. We applied and modified structural activity relationship methods to these derivatives and evaluated the probability of active (Pa) and inactive (Pi) outcomes using pass prediction scores. Furthermore, we employed in-silico approaches such as the assessment of absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) parameters, and quantum calculations through density functional theory (DFT). Within the DFT calculations, we analyzed Frontier Molecular Orbitals, specifically the Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital (HOMO) and Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital (LUMO). We then conducted molecular docking and dynamics against TNBC to ascertain binding affinity and stability. Our findings indicated that Scutellarein derivatives, specifically DM03 with a binding energy of -10.7 kcal/mol and DM04 with -11.0 kcal/mol, exhibited the maximum binding tendency against Human CK2 alpha kinase (PDB ID 7L1X). Molecular dynamic simulations were performed for 100 ns, and stability was assessed using root-mean-square deviation (RMSD) and root-mean-square fluctuation (RMSF) parameters, suggesting significant stability for our chosen compounds. Furthermore, these molecules met the pharmacokinetics requirements for potential therapeutic candidates, displaying non-carcinogenicity, minimal aquatic and non-aquatic toxicity, and greater aqueous solubility. Collectively, our computational data suggest that Scutellarein derivatives may serve as potential therapeutic agents for TNBC. However, further experimental investigations are needed to validate these findings.
An Insight into COVID-19 and Traditional Herbs: Bangladesh Perspective
(Bentham Science Publishers Ltd., 2022-10-03) Rahman, Md Mominur; Shohag, Sheikh; Islam, Md Rezaul; Akhter, Shomaya; Mim, Sadia Afsana; Sharma, Rohit; Rauf, Abdur
SARS-CoV-2 was first discovered in Wuhan in late 2019 and has since spread over the world, resulting in the present epidemic. Because targeted therapeutics are unavailable, scientists have the opportunity to discover new drugs or vaccines to counter COVID-19, and therefore a number of synthetic bioactive compounds are now being tested in clinical studies. Due to its broad therapeutic spectrum and low adverse effects, medicinal herbs have been used as traditional healing medication in those countries for ages. Due to a lack of synthetic bioactive antiviral medications, pharmaceutical and alternative therapies have been developed using a variety of herbal compositions. Due to the widespread availability of herbal and dietary products worldwide, people frequently use them. Notably, the majority of Bangladeshi people continue to use a variety of natural plants and herbs to treat various types of diseases. This review article discusses how previous research has shown that some herbs in Bangladesh have immunomodulatory and antiviral effects and how their active ingredients have been gathered. Even though FDA-approved medications and vaccines are available for the treatment of COVID-19, the purpose is to encourage the use of herbal medicine as immunomodulators and vaccine adjuvants for the treatment of COVID-19 prevention.
An Overview of Polymer Surface Coated Synthetic Quantum Dots As Therapeutics and Sensors Applications
(Elsevier, 2023-11-15) Babu, Ancha Kishore; Raja, M. K. Mohan Maruga; Zehravi, Mehrukh; Mohammad, Badrud Duza; Anees, Mohammed Imran; Prasad, Cheepurupalli; Yahya, Barrawaz Aateka; Sultana, Rokeya; Sharma, Rohit; Singh, Jay; Khan, Khalid Ali; Siddiqui, Falak A.; Khan, Sharuk L.; Emran, Talha Bin
Quantum dots (QDs) are a class of remarkable materials that have garnered significant attention since their initial discovery. It is noteworthy to mention that it took approximately a decade for these materials to be successfully implemented in practical applications. While QDs have demonstrated notable optical properties, it is important to note that these attributes alone have not rendered them a feasible substitute for traditional organic dyes. Furthermore, it is worth noting that the substance under investigation exhibited inherent toxicity and instability in its initial state, primarily due to the presence of a heavy metal core. In the initial stages of research, it was observed that the integration of nanocomposites had a positive impact on the properties of QDs. The discovery of these nanocomposites was motivated by the remarkable properties exhibited by biocomposites found in nature. Recent discoveries have shed light on the potential utilization of QDs as a viable strategy for drug delivery, offering a promising avenue to enhance the efficacy of current pharmaceuticals and pave the way for the creation of innovative therapeutic approaches. The primary objective of this review was to elucidate the distinctive characteristics that render QDs highly suitable for utilization as nanocarriers. In this study, we will delve into the multifaceted applications of QDs as sensing nanoprobes and their utilization in diverse drug delivery systems. The focus of our investigation was directed toward the utilization of QD/polymer composites in sensing applications, with particular emphasis on their potential as chemical sensors, biosensors, and physical sensors.
Anti-Viral Drug Discovery Against Monkeypox and Smallpox Infection by Natural Curcumin Derivatives
(Bentham Science Publishers Ltd., 2023-03-22) Akash, Shopnil; Hossain, Arafat; Hossain, Md. Sarowar; Rahman, Md. Mominur; Ahmed, Mohammad Z.; Ali, Nemat; Valis, Martin; Kuca, Kamil; Sharma, Rohit
"Background: In the last couple of years, viral infections have been leading the globe, considered one of the most widespread and extremely damaging health problems and one of the leading causes of mortality in the modern period. Although several viral infections are discovered, such as SARS CoV-2, Langya Henipavirus, there have only been a limited number of discoveries of possible antiviral drug, and vaccine that have even received authorization for the protection of human health. Recently, another virial infection is infecting worldwide (Monkeypox, and Smallpox), which concerns pharmacists, biochemists, doctors, and healthcare providers about another epidemic. Also, currently no specific treatment is available against Monkeypox. This research gap encouraged us to develop a new molecule to fight against monkeypox and smallpox disease. So, firstly, fifty different curcumin derivatives were collected from natural sources, which are available in the PubChem database, to determine antiviral capabilities against Monkeypox and Smallpox. Material and method: Preliminarily, the molecular docking experiment of fifty different curcumin derivatives were conducted, and the majority of the substances produced the expected binding affinities. Then, twelve curcumin derivatives were picked up for further analysis based on the maximum docking score. After that, the density functional theory (DFT) was used to determine chemical characterizations such as the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO), lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO), softness, and hardness, etc. Results: The mentioned derivatives demonstrated docking scores greater than 6.80 kcal/mol, and the most significant binding affinity was at -8.90 kcal/mol, even though 12 molecules had higher binding scores (-8.00 kcal/mol to -8.9 kcal/mol), and better than the standard medications. The molecular dynamic simulation is described by root mean square deviation (RMSD) and root-mean-square fluctuation (RMSF), demonstrating that all the compounds might be stable in the physiological system. Conclusion: In conclusion, each derivative of curcumin has outstanding absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) characteristics. Hence, we recommended the aforementioned curcumin derivatives as potential antiviral agents for the treatment of Monkeypox and Smallpox virus, and more in vivo investigations are warranted to substantiate our findings."
Biogenic Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Rhazya stricta Extracts and Evaluation of Its Biological Activities
(Daffodil International University, 2022-07-21) Bawazeer, Sami; Rauf, Abdur; Emran, Talha Bin; Aljohani, Abdullah S. M.; Alhumaydhi, Fahad A.; Khan, Zidan; Ahmad, Laiba; Hemeg, Hassan A.; Muhammad, Naveed; Sharma, Rohit; Maalik, Aneela; Khan, Ibrahim
Rhazya stricta is a well-known medicinal plant and source of numerous potential secondary metabolites including steroids, alkaloids, and tannins. R. stricta possesses multimedical applications and used for curing of various diseases such as inflammation, diabetes, sore throat, infectious, helminthiasis, arthritis, and cancer. The current investigation deals with synthesizing AgNPs using aqueous and ethanol extracts of R. stricta. The synthesized R. stricta-AgNPs were characterized through UV-visible, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) methods. The UV-visible analysis exhibited a characteristic absorption at 475 nm in R. stricta ethanol AgNPs while this peak was absent in R. stricta aqueous crude extract. The thermal stability of R. stricta-AgNPs demonstrated that by increasing the reduction time and temperature, the absorption of AgNPs also increased, leading to more stable NPs formation. The FTIR spectra showed a broad peak at 450-550 cm-1 that confirmed the occurrence of AgNPs of R. stricta. The AFM study of the synthesized AgNPs revealed the spherical shape and size ranging from 30 nm to 90 nm. In antioxidant and antibacterial study, the R. stricta-AgNPs exhibited good antioxidant activity (87.94% and 88.37%) than the ethanol crude extract (50.00% and 56.81%) at 100 μg/mL using DPPH assay. Maximum antibacterial activity was recorded against Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus), which was 15 and 0 mm, while against Gram-negative bacteria (Klebsiella pneumonia) was found to be 16 and 14 mm, respectively, whereas against Bacillus subtills, a poor activity was recorded as 14 for extract and 0 mm for AgNPs, respectively. In the acetic acid-induced writhing model, the percent effect of extract (100 mg/kg) and AgNPs (15 mg/kg) was 79.98 and 83.23, respectively. The maximum muscle coordination effect of extracts in the inclined plan and traction test was 44% and 38% at higher doses. A mild sedative effect was also recorded against extract and AgNPs. The significant () effect of extract was noted at 100 mg/kg while AgNPs was more significant () at the tested dose of 15 mg/kg. These findings have concluded that R. stricta-AgNPs is an effective bioreductant of AgNPs synthesis and exhibit several applications in distinctive biomedical and pharmaceutical industries.
Bioinorganic Nanoparticles for the Remediation of Environmental Pollution
(Hindawi Publications, 2023-04-10) Rahman, Md. Mominur; Ahmed, Limon; Anika, Fazilatunnesa; Riya, Anha Akter; Kali, Sumaiya Khatun; Rauf, Abdur; Sharma, Rohit
Nowadays, environmental pollution has become a critical issue for both developed and developing countries. Because of excessive industrialization, burning of fossil fuels, mining and exploration, extensive agricultural activities, and plastics, the environment is being contaminated rapidly through soil, air, and water. There are a variety of approaches for treating environmental toxins, but each has its own set of restrictions. As a result, various therapies are accessible, and approaches that are effective, long-lasting, less harmful, and have a superior outcome are extensively demanded. Modern research advances focus more on polymer-based nanoparticles, which are frequently used in drug design, drug delivery systems, environmental remediation, power storage, transformations, and other fields. Bioinorganic nanomaterials could be a better candidate to control contaminants in the environment. In this article, we focused on their synthesis, characterization, photocatalytic process, and contributions to environmental remediation against numerous ecological hazards. In this review article, we also tried to explore their recent advancements and futuristic contributions to control and prevent various pollutants in the environment.
Comparative Assessment of Three Medicinal Plants against Diabetes and Oxidative Stress Using Experimental and Computational Approaches
(Hindawi Publications, 2023-04-25) Shah, Md. Shahin; Talukder, Md. Saddam Hossain; Uddin, A. M. Kafl; Hasan, Muhammad Nazmul; Sayem, Syed Al Jawad; Mostafa-Hedeab, Gomaa; Rahman, Md. Masudur; Sharma, Rohit; Swelum, Ayman A.; Mohamed, Amany Abdel-Rahman; Emran, Talha Bin
"The hilly and rural areas’ people of Bangladesh have a great history of putting into use numerous traditional medicinal plants to cure diseases. Therefore, with ethanol extract of Molineria capitulata (EEMC), methanol extract of Trichosanthes tricuspidata (METT), and methanol extract of Amorphophallus campanulatus (MEAC), we mandate evaluation of in vitro α-amylase inhibition, antioxidants, and molecular docking, and ADMET/T analysis. According to iodine starch methods, α-amylase inhibition was performed, and quantitative total phenolic and flavonoid content was determined by established methods, whereas DPPH free radical scavenging and reducing power assays were performed in previously established protocols, respectively. A comparative study among three plants (EEMC, METT, and MEAC) possessed a significant () effect but EEMC showed the highest impact on enzyme inhibition. Plants in the measuring phenolic content METT and flavonoid measurement MEAC displayed most potent in the same way in the DPPH test was METT, and in reducing power capability MEAC has showed the highest effect between three extracts. Docking’s study also reveals the compounds of METT (Cyclotricuspidoside A and Cyclotricuspidoside C) exhibit the superior score among all the compounds. This finding indicates that EEMC, METT, and MEAC substantially impact α-amylase inhibition along with antioxidants. In silico study also reveals the potency of these plants, but further in-depth, precise molecular studies are needed.
Corrigendum: Anti-Viral Drug Discovery Against Monkeypox and Smallpox Infection by Natural Curcumin Derivatives
(Frontiers, 2023-03-22) Akash, Shopnil; Hossain, Arafat; Hossain, Md. Sarowar; Rahman, Md. Mominur; Ahmed, Mohammad Z.; Ali, Nemat; Valis, Martin; Kuca, Kamil; Sharma, Rohit
"Background: In the last couple of years, viral infections have been leading the globe, considered one of the most widespread and extremely damaging health problems and one of the leading causes of mortality in the modern period. Although several viral infections are discovered, such as SARS CoV-2, Langya Henipavirus, there have only been a limited number of discoveries of possible antiviral drug, and vaccine that have even received authorization for the protection of human health. Recently, another virial infection is infecting worldwide (Monkeypox, and Smallpox), which concerns pharmacists, biochemists, doctors, and healthcare providers about another epidemic. Also, currently no specific treatment is available against Monkeypox. This research gap encouraged us to develop a new molecule to fight against monkeypox and smallpox disease. So, firstly, fifty different curcumin derivatives were collected from natural sources, which are available in the PubChem database, to determine antiviral capabilities against Monkeypox and Smallpox. Material and method: Preliminarily, the molecular docking experiment of fifty different curcumin derivatives were conducted, and the majority of the substances produced the expected binding affinities. Then, twelve curcumin derivatives were picked up for further analysis based on the maximum docking score. After that, the density functional theory (DFT) was used to determine chemical characterizations such as the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO), lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO), softness, and hardness, etc. Results: The mentioned derivatives demonstrated docking scores greater than 6.80 kcal/mol, and the most significant binding affinity was at -8.90 kcal/mol, even though 12 molecules had higher binding scores (-8.00 kcal/mol to -8.9 kcal/mol), and better than the standard medications. The molecular dynamic simulation is described by root mean square deviation (RMSD) and root-mean-square fluctuation (RMSF), demonstrating that all the compounds might be stable in the physiological system. Conclusion: In conclusion, each derivative of curcumin has outstanding absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) characteristics. Hence, we recommended the aforementioned curcumin derivatives as potential antiviral agents for the treatment of Monkeypox and Smallpox virus, and more in vivo investigations are warranted to substantiate our findings."
Cyclodextrin Nanoparticles for Diagnosis and Potential Cancer Therapy
(Daffodil International University, 22-09-08) Karthic, Anandakrishnan; Roy, Arpita; Lakkakula, Jaya; Alghamdi, Saad; Shakoori, Afnan; Babalghith, Ahmad O.; Emran, Talha Bin; Sharma, Rohit; Lima, Clara Mariana Gonçalves; Kim, Bonglee; Park, Moon Nyeo; Safi, Sher Zaman; Almeida, Ray Silva de; Coutinho, Henrique Douglas Melo
Cancer is still one of the world’s deadliest health concerns. As per latest statistics, lung, breast, liver, prostate, and cervical cancers are reported topmost worldwide. Although chemotherapy is most widely used methodology to treat cancer, poor pharmacokinetic parameters of anticancer drugs render them less effective. Novel nano-drug delivery systems have the caliber to improve the solubility and biocompatibility of various such chemical compounds. In this regard, cyclodextrins (CD), a group of natural nano-oligosaccharide possessing unique physicochemical characteristics has been highly exploited for drug delivery and other pharmaceutical purposes. Their cup-like structure and amphiphilic nature allows better accumulation of drugs, improved solubility, and stability, whereas CDs supramolecular chemical compatibility renders it to be highly receptive to various kinds of functionalization. Therefore combining physical, chemical, and bio-engineering approaches at nanoscale to specifically target the tumor cells can help in maximizing the tumor damage without harming non-malignant cells. Numerous combinations of CD Nano composites were developed over the years, which employed photodynamic, photo thermal therapy, chemotherapy, and hyperthermia methods, particularly targeting cancer cells. In this review, we discuss the vivid roles of cyclodextrin nan composites developed for the treatment and theranostics of most important cancers to highlight its clinical significance and potential as a medical tool.
Cyclodextrin Nanoparticles in Targeted Cancer Theranostics
(Europe Pub Med Central, 2023-08-03) Bose, Roshnee; Jayawant, Maharsh; Raut, Rajesh; Roy, Arpita; Alghamdi, Saad; Qusty, Naeem F.; Sharma, Rohit; Verma, Devvret; Khandaker, Mayeen Uddin; Almujally, Abdullah; Tamam, Nissren; Sulieman, Abdelmoneim
The field of cancer nanotheranostics is rapidly evolving, with cyclodextrin (CD)-based nanoparticles emerging as a promising tool. CDs, serving as nanocarriers, have higher adaptability and demonstrate immense potential in delivering powerful anti-cancer drugs, leading to promising and specific therapeutic outcomes for combating various types of cancer. The unique characteristics of CDs, combined with innovative nanocomplex creation techniques such as encapsulation, enable the development of potential theranostic treatments. The review here focuses mainly on the different techniques administered for effective nanotheranostics applications of CD-associated complex compounds in the domain of cancer treatments. The experimentations on various loaded drugs and their complex conjugates with CDs prove effective in in vivo results. Various cancers can have potential nanotheranostics cures using CDs as nanoparticles along with a highly efficient process of nanocomplex development and a drug delivery system. In conclusion, nanotheranostics holds immense potential for targeted drug delivery and improved therapeutic outcomes, offering a promising avenue for revolutionizing cancer treatments through continuous research and innovative approaches.
Designing of SiO2 Mesoporous Nanoparticles Loaded With Mometasone Furoate for Potential Nasal Drug Delivery
(Frontier Scientific Publishing, 2023-01-06) Mehmood, Yasir; Shahid, Hira; Barkat, Kashif; Ibraheem, Muhammad; Riaz, Humayun; Badshah, Syed Faisal; Chopra, Hitesh; Sharma, Rohit; Nepovimova, Eugenie; Kuca, Kamil; Valis, Martin; Emran, Talha Bin
The main objective of the current research work was to synthesize mesoporous silica nanoparticles for controlled delivery of mometasone furoate for potential nasal delivery. The optimized sol–gel method was used for the synthesis of mesoporous silica nanoparticles. Synthesized nanoparticles were processed through Zeta sizer, SEM, TEM, FTIR, TGA, DSC, XRD, and BET analysis for structural characterization. The in vitro dissolution test was performed for the inclusion compound, while the Franz diffusion experiment was performed for permeability of formulation. For the determination of expression levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4 and IL-5, RNA extraction, reverse transcription, and polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were performed. The MTT assay was also performed to determine cell viability. Synthesized and functionalized mesoporous silica nanoparticles showed controlled release of drugs. FT-IR spectroscopy confirmed the presence of the corresponding functional groups of drugs within mesoporous silica nanoparticles. Zeta sizer and thermal analysis confirmed the delivery system was in nano size and thermally stable. Moreover, a highly porous system was observed during SEM and TEM evaluation, and further it was confirmed by BET analysis. Greater cellular uptake with improved permeability characteristics was also observed. As compared to the crystalline drug, a significant improvement in the dissolution rate was observed. It was concluded that stable mesoporous silica nanoparticles with significant porosity were synthesized, efficiently delivering the loaded drug without any toxic effect.
Development of New Bioactive Molecules To Treat Breast and Lung Cancer with Natural Myricetin and Its Derivatives
(Daffodil International University, 22-09-27) Akash, Shopnil; Kumer, Ajoy; Rahman, Md. Mominur; Emran, Talha Bin; Sharma, Rohit; Singla, Rajeev K.; Alhumaydhi, Fahad A.; Khandaker, Mayeen Uddin; Park, Moon Nyeo; Idris, Abubakr M.; Wilairatana, Polrat; Kim, Bonglee
Each biopharmaceutical research and new drug development investigation is targeted at discovering novel and potent medications for managing specific ailments. Thus, to discover and develop new potent medications, it should be performed sequentially or step by step. This is because drug development is a lengthy and risky work that requires significant money, resources, and labor. Breast and lung cancer contributes to the death of millions of people throughout the world each year, according to the report of the World Health Organization, and has been a public threat worldwide, although the global medical sector is developed and updated day by day. However, no proper treatment has been found until now. Therefore, this research has been conducted to find a new bioactive molecule to treat breast and lung cancer-such as natural myricetin and its derivatives-by using the latest and most authentic computer-aided drug-design approaches. At the beginning of this study, the biological pass prediction spectrum was calculated to select the target protein. It is noted that the probability of active (Pa) score is better in the antineoplastic (Pa: 0.788-0.938) in comparison with antiviral (Pa: 0.236-0.343), antibacterial (Pa: 0.274-0.421), and antifungal (Pa: 0.226-0.508). Thus, cancerous proteins, such as in breast and lung cancer, were picked up, and the computational investigation was continued. Furthermore, the docking score was found to be -7.3 to -10.4 kcal/mol for breast cancer (standard epirubicin hydrochloride, -8.3 kcal/mol), whereas for lung cancer, the score was -8.2 to -9.6 kcal/mol (standard carboplatin, -5.5 kcal/mol). The docking score is the primary concern, revealing that myricetin derivatives have better docking scores than standard chemotherapeutic agents epirubicin hydrochloride and carboplatin. Finally, drug-likeness, ADME, and toxicity prediction were fulfilled in this investigation, and it is noted that all the derivatives were highly soluble in a water medium, whereas they were totally free from AMES toxicity, hepatotoxicity, and skin sensitization, excluding only ligands 1 and 7. Thus, we proposed that the natural myricetin derivatives could be a better inhibitor for treating breast and lung cancer.
Diallyl Disulfide
(Daffodil International University, 2022-08-12) Mitra, Saikat; Das, Rajib; Emran, Talha Bin; Labib, Rafiuddin Khan; -E-Tabassum, Noor; Islam, Fahadul; Sharma, Rohit; Ahmad, Islamudin; Nainu, Firzan; Chidambaram, Kumarappan; Alhumaydhi, Fahad A.; Chandran, Deepak; Capasso, Raffaele; Wilairatana, Polrat
Cancer is a life-threatening disease caused by the uncontrolled division of cells, which culminates in a solid mass of cells known as a tumor or liquid cancer. It is the leading cause of mortality worldwide, and the number of cancer patients has been increasing at an alarming rate, with an estimated 20 million cases expected by 2030. Thus, the use of complementary or alternative therapeutic techniques that can help prevent cancer has been the subject of increased attention. Garlic, the most widely used plant medicinal product, exhibits a wide spectrum of biological activities, including antibacterial, hypo-lipidemic, antithrombotic, and anticancer effects. Diallyl disulfide (DADS) is a major organosulfur compound contained within garlic. Recently, several experimental studies have demonstrated that DADS exhibits anti-tumor activity against many types of tumor cells, including gynecological cancers (cervical cancer, ovarian cancer), hematological cancers (leukemia, lymphoma), lung cancer, neural cancer, skin cancer, prostate cancer, gastrointestinal tract and associated cancers (esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer), hepatocellular cancer cell line, etc. The mechanisms behind the anticancer action of DADS include epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), invasion, and migration. This article aims to review the available information regarding the anti-cancer potential of DADS, as well as summarize its mechanisms of action, bioavailability, and pharmacokinetics from published clinical and toxicity studies.
Drosophila melanogaster as a Versatile Model for Studying Medically Important Insect Vector-Borne Parasites
(Daffodil International University, 2022-06-02) Nainu, Firzan; Salim, Emil; Emran, Talha Bin; Sharma, Rohit
In the past decades, insect vector-borne parasitic diseases (VBDs), such as malaria, leishmaniasis, and lymphatic filariasis, have caused a devastating health problem, threatening for over 250 million lives worldwide (Wilson et al., 2020). While the causative parasites of VBDs together with their native insect vectors have been largely documented, much remains unknown. Global efforts are still needed to fully elucidate the parasites’ genes that are playing parts in the infectivity and mechanisms responsible in the modulation of host antiparasitic immune responses. In addition, characterization of important VBDs hallmarks and factors responsible in the vector and host susceptibility to parasitic transmission and infection remains underexplored. Once revealed, such information shall provide a vital role in the improvement of preventive actions to control the spread of VBDs and pharmacotherapeutic strategies to limit the disease burden. Several insects such as mosquitoes, flies (sand flies, black flies, and tsetse flies), and triatomine bugs, have all been implicated in the transmission of parasites to human (Wilson et al., 2020). While much has been done in the identification of insect(s) suitable for the parasites’ life cycle prior to infection in the human, it remains challenging to carry out experimental investigations in the native insect vectors (Schneider, 2000; Zolfaghari Emameh et al., 2015). Complexities in the vector rearing and the lack of genetic toolbox available for carrying out experimental procedures in the native vectors are two of the most encountered obstacles for anyone working in this field (Schneider, 2000; Zolfaghari Emameh et al., 2015). To address this issue, the use of insect model such as fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster to study the parasitic biology and other important knowledge related to the transmission and vector-parasite interaction can be seen as one of the alternative endeavors. In this opinion paper, we would like to propose the use of D. melanogaster to study the biology, immunology, and pathogenic characteristics of human parasites, and to some extent other vertebrate parasites, to reflect the situation occurred either during parasites’ lifecycle in the vector or during their infectious phase in their definitive vertebrate host. However, it is important to note that the results obtained from the Drosophila works shall be interpreted with caution once the results are translated into either the parasites’ native vectors or their vertebrate host.
Effect of Antioxidant-Rich Moringa Leaves on Quality and Functional Properties of Strawberry Juice
(Daffodil International University, 2022-09-30) Arif, Muhammad Adnan; Inam-ur-Raheem, Muhammad; Khalid, Waseem; Lima, Clara Mariana Gonçalves; Jha, Ravi Prakash; Khalid, Muhammad Zubair; Santana, Renata Ferreira; Sharma, Rohit; Alhasaniah, Abdulaziz Hassan; Emran, Talha Bin
Moringa oleifera and strawberry are cultivated extensively worldwide and are divinely blessed with an enormous amount of nutritional and medicinal constituents, such as vitamin C, vitamin E, iron, potassium, and phenolic antioxidants that play a pivotal role in treating, confining, and preventing diabetes and many kinds of cancer. The focus of the study is to develop different samples of highly acceptable ready to serve (RTS) Moringa strawberry juice blend by underutilizing Moringa and strawberry juice in different proportions. Moringa oleifera’s bitter taste and green color steeply limits its acceptability and counter this drawback utilized with strawberry juice. The physicochemical analysis of blended juice was performed to investigate the suitability and keeping quality of the juice mixture. The collected data signify that pH titratable acidity (TA) and total soluble solids (TSS) the slight modification after the inclusion of Moringa juice extract and throughout the storage. The Moringa treatment positively improved the total phenolic content (TPC), antioxidant, and vitamin C from 12 to 49.17 mg GAE/100g, 61.41 to 87.69%, and 64.03 to 86.65 mg/100 mL, respectively, but there was a slight decline in antioxidant quantity while stored under refrigerated conditions for one month. An assimilative trend was noticed in TPC and vitamin C, which collapsed from 49.17–36.32 mg GAE to 86.65–79.19 mg, respectively. In accordance with sensory analysis T2 (90% strawberry juice and 10% Moringa extract), the juice blend was rated best in context to flavor, color, and taste. This juice blend proved to be greatly effective especially for children suffering from malnutrition as well as women to counter with its appreciable number of nutritional constituents.
Effect of Cu Doping on ZnO Nanoparticles as a Photocatalyst for the Removal of Organic Wastewater
(Daffodil International University, 2022-06-30) Khalid, Awais; Ahmad, Pervaiz; Khan, Abdulhameed; Muhammad, Saleh; Khandaker, Mayeen Uddin; Alam, Md. Mottahir; Asim, Mohd; Uddin, Israf; Chaudhary, Ratiram G.; Kumar, Dileep; Sharma, Rohit; Faruque, Mohammad Rashed Iqbal; Emran, Talha Bin
Environmental problems with chemical and biological water pollution have become a major concern for society. Providing people with safe and affordable water is a grand challenge of the 21st century. The study investigates the photocatalytic degradation capabilities of hydrothermally prepared pure and Cu-doped ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) for the elimination of dye pollutants. A simple, cost-effective hydrothermal process is employed to synthesize the Cu-doped ZnO NPs. The photocatalytic dye degradation activity of the synthesized Cu-doped ZnO NPs is tested by using methylene blue (MB) dye. In addition, the parameters that affect photodegradation efficiency, such as catalyst concentration, starting potential of hydrogen (pH), and dye concentration, were also assessed. The dye degradation is found to be directly proportional to the irradiation time, as 94% of the MB dye is degraded in 2 hrs. Similarly, the dye degradation shows an inverse relation to the MB dye concentration, as the degradation reduced from 94% to 20% when the MB concentration increases from 5 ppm to 80 ppm. The synthesized cost-effective and environmentally friendly Cu-doped ZnO NPs exhibit improved photocatalytic activity against MB dye and can therefore be employed in wastewater treatment materials.
Emerging Global Concern of Langya Henipavirus
(Emerald Publishing Limited, 2022-09-06) Akash, Shopnil; Rahman, Md Mominur; Islam, Md Rezaul; Sharma, Rohit
During the 3rd wave or post‐covid‐19 epidemic and nearly two years after identifying the pathogenic coronavirus, another highly pathogenic zoonotic virus has been documented in the two eastern provinces of China, with 35 incidences infected so far, which is known as Langya virus.
Emerging Role of Neuron-Glia in Neurological Disorders
(Daffodil International University, 2022-08-22) Rahman, Md. Mominur; Islam, Md. Rezaul; Yamin, Md.; Islam, Md. Mohaimenul; Sarker, Md. Taslim; Meem, Atkia Farzana Khan; Akter, Aklima; Emran, Talha Bin; Cavalu, Simona; Sharma, Rohit
Based on the diverse physiological influence, the impact of glial cells has become much more evident on neurological illnesses, resulting in the origins of many diseases appearing to be more convoluted than previously happened. Since neurological disorders are often random and unknown, hence the construction of animal models is difficult to build, representing a small fraction of people with a gene mutation. As a result, an immediate necessity is grown to work within in vitro techniques for examining these illnesses. As the scientific community recognizes cell-autonomous contributions to a variety of central nervous system illnesses, therapeutic techniques involving stem cells for treating neurological diseases are gaining traction. The use of stem cells derived from a variety of sources is increasingly being used to replace both neuronal and glial tissue. The brain's energy demands necessitate the reliance of neurons on glial cells in order for it to function properly. Furthermore, glial cells have diverse functions in terms of regulating their own metabolic activities, as well as collaborating with neurons via secreted signaling or guidance molecules, forming a complex network of neuron-glial connections in health and sickness. Emerging data reveals that metabolic changes in glial cells can cause morphological and functional changes in conjunction with neuronal dysfunction under disease situations, highlighting the importance of neuron-glia interactions in the pathophysiology of neurological illnesses. In this context, it is required to improve our understanding of disease mechanisms and create potential novel therapeutics. According to research, synaptic malfunction is one of the features of various mental diseases, and glial cells are acting as key ingredients not only in synapse formation, growth, and plasticity but also in neuroinflammation and synaptic homeostasis which creates critical physiological capacity in the focused sensory system. The goal of this review article is to elaborate state-of-the-art information on a few glial cell types situated in the central nervous system (CNS) and highlight their role in the onset and progression of neurological disorders.
Enhanced Thermal Stability and Synergistic Effects of Magnesium and Iron Borate Composites against Pathogenic Bacteria
(Daffodil International University, 2022-11-14) Ahmad, Pervaiz; Khandaker, Mayeen Uddin; Khan, Abdulhameed; Rehman, Fida; Uddin, Salah; Ali, Hazrat; Khan, Muhammad Imtiaz; Muhammad, Nawshad; Ahmed, Nasar; Ullah, Zahoor; Khan, Ghulamullah; Haq, Sirajul; Emran, Talha Bin; Sharma, Rohit; Ashraf, L. M.
A simple process based on the dual roles of both magnesium oxide (MgO) and iron oxide (FeO) with boron (B) as precursors and catalysts has been developed for the synthesis of borate composites of magnesium and iron (Mg2B2O5-Fe3BO6) at 1200°C. The as-synthesized composites can be a single material with the improved and collective properties of both iron borates (Fe3BO6) and magnesium borates (Mg2B2O5). At higher temperatures, the synthesized Mg2B2O5-Fe3BO6 composite is found thermally more stable than the single borates of both magnesium and iron. Similarly, the synthesized composites are found to prevent the growth of both gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and gram-negative (Escherichia coli) pathogenic bacteria on all the tested concentrations. Moreover, the inhibitory effect of the synthesized composite increases with an increase in concentration and is more pronounced against S. aureus as compared to E. coli.