Browsing by Author "Sayed, Md. Abu"

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Analysis Technical Relationships within Count, Stitch Length and GSM of (1x1) Interlock and (1x1) grey Rib Fabric
(Daffodil International University, 2018-12-10) Sayed, Md. Abu; Hasan, Md. Robiul; Ali, Md. Hasem
This project mainly concentrated on Rib and Interlock fabric where we find out relationships within count, stich length and GSM. Most of the industries are faced some ordinary problem concerning the proper selection of count, GSM and stitch length to manufacture a good quality knit fabric. In this project, both the empirical and analytical data were compared with each other to find through an equation where if the stich length and count increase then the GSM will be decreased. This occurred due to the relation within GSM, count and stitch length; where count and stitch length is inversely proportional to the GSM. This project mainly concentrated on grey knit fabric GSM where yarn count respectively 26Ne, 28Ne, 34Ne for (1x1) rib, and 26Ne, 30Ne, 32Ne used for (1x1) interlock. In this project, we have been compared both the theoretical as well as the practical implications from the factory and we have to try our best mark on the adjustable points of fabric GSM, count and stitch length directly and indirectly. This report set up an acceptable result, which would be preferable for workable use and would simplify for carrying out further activities related to this type of research.
ASSESSING DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AT SCHOOL LEVEL: A STUDY OF DHAKA NORTH CITY CORPORATION AREA
(©University of Dhaka, 2022-04-13) Sayed, Md. Abu
The present study investigates school vulnerabilities (physical, environmental and social) and level of stakeholders’ (teachers, students, guardians, school management committee and school administration) awareness on disaster risk reduction measures at DNCC area. A mixed method approach was adopted while both primary (individual interviews with school heads with a semi-structured questionnaire, FGDs, KIIs) and secondary data (DNCC, Ministry of Primary and Mass Education, BANBEIS and published and unpolished materials) have been gathered. Epicollect5 apps and GIS arc software have been also used for field survey, data storage, analysis and map making. The study wards 20 were selected from a total of 54 wards of 10 zones following stratified sampling techniques. A total of 115 schools were selected randomly from 515 schools (20 primary schools out of 122, 20 English medium schools out of 87 and 75 secondary high schools out of 306). Study findings reveal that a significant number of schools (26%) are located in residential and commercial buildings, among them 44% schools are multistoried (> 6 storied) while 72% schools have single stair with no open space (54%). Around 30% schools were constructed without following BNBC and approval from concerned authority. Study schools are found vulnerable to different hazards (water logging, earthquake, building collapse, fire, environmental pollution etc.). Infrastructural vulnerabilities of the schools include very poor construction of building, poor accessibility to & from school, poor drainage condition, lack of fire compliance etc. Heavy rain induced water logging is common at schools; students face tremendous air and noise pollution and transport related problems while coming to school during rainy season. Highly vulnerable water logging schools are 42% while 23% and 25% schools are found highly vulnerable to fire and earthquake hazards respectively. Poor accessibility (20%), environmentally highly vulnerable (28%), while 85% schools with single exits and no emergency exits; 93% schools having no PWD stairs. Around 27% students do not have access to convenient transport facilities. The study also reveals that 52% of teachers are found aware of emergency number, operating procedure, evacuation route, alarm system, assembly point and first aid as DRR measures. Only 37% students and 16% school management members are aware on DRR. An overwhelming majority (75%) of the guardians are not aware on DRR. Regular awareness program/ mock drills on fire and earthquake are absent. After the year of 2015, most of the schools (92%) did not continue fire and earthquake drills. Absence of proper mindset regarding DRR is also found, while there is lack in preparedness initiatives and no emergency management system and no emergency operation plan in practice in the schools of the studied area in DNCC. Although disaster preparedness knowledge is included in the curricula, there is no legal policy and inadequate training facilities for the teacher and the staff of the schools. Earthquake preparedness exists in schools 51%; fire compliance 26%; drainage management (53%), sanitation level (80%), availability of safe drinking water (73%). The study explores that no structured evacuation and retrofitting system designed for the schools is in place. However, strengthening school safety measures through retrofitting, installation of fire compliance, improving drainage systems, awareness building activities like; regular mock drills, relocation of schools located/rented in residential buildings and ensuring DRR education in the curricula etc. are essentially required to ensure safety and resilience of schools at DNCC area.
Challenges of e-procurement: a case study of JICA assisted Northern Bangladesh Integrated Development Project (NOBIDEP) under Local Government Engineering Department (LGED).
(BRAC University, 2016-11) Sayed, Md. Abu; Arifuzzaman, S. M.
Procurement is the acquisition of goods, works or services through externally sourcing. In sourcing, the needs of the organization for goods, works or services including requirement definition, identification of potential suppliers, schedule of requirement etc. are taken into account. E-procurement is the acquiring of goods, works or services through on-line bidding from potential suppliers. Public procurement means procurement using public funds. Public procurement systems in Bangladesh has been evolved, modified and developed over time. Chronologically milestones of the processes are PPR 2003, PPA 2006 & PPR-2008. E-GP system is launched in Bangladesh by the year 2011 which results public procurement more accessible, fair, transparent and efficient. Objective of this paper is to identify the challenges of e-GP through a case study of JICA assisted NOBIDEP project implemented by LGED and recommends measures to be adopted by the concern stakeholders in their arenas. For this purpose, a Questionnaire survey has been conductedamong the different stakeholders of LGED, bidders’ community& others in collecting primary data. Besides, Key Informant Interview has been carried out to collect valuable opinions of some senior officials; their perception regarding the challenges of e-Procurement and suitable suggestions to overcome negative impacts. The summary of each chapter is summarized below: The Chapter One termed as Introduction illustratesthe background of e-GP system in Bangladesh covering public procurement reform and the evolution of e-GP system. The Chapter Two titled as Literature Review explains the worldwide e-procurement issues like its adoption, operations, benefits, challenge & risks etc. It also explains how e-GP in Bangladesh weregradually adopted and become successful with special attention to LGED, Bangladesh. The Chapter Three Titled as Methodology of study describes how the study was carried out including coverage area, sample size and data collection using the designed questionnaire.The Chapter Four Termed as Data Analysis represents the data gathered from different respondents in bar diagrams using excel spread-sheet. The bar diagrams are selfexplanatory. The Chapter Five Tilled as Findings illustrates E-GP related issues like internet connectivity, internet speed, power availability, user friendliness, Knowledge & expertize of the personnel handling the programme, suitability of different time frame for conducting the procurement activities, confidentiality and risks etc. Finally, the Chapter Six terming as Conclusion & Recommendation includes conclusions about the different challenges of e-Procurement and a set of recommendations that different Organizations and Government could do to overcome those challenges.
Detection of Copy–Move Image Forgery Applying Robust Matching with K-D Tree Sorting
(Daffodil International University, 2022-09-20) Chakraborty, Partha; Sayed, Md. Abu; Khatun, Mahmuda; Zulfiker, Md. Sabab; Paul, Priyanka; Hossain, Md. Farhad; Choudhury, Tanupriya
Digital images contribute significantly to the field of visualization. Using stronger technology, digital image forgery is easier. The most common method of image forgery is to re-create a portion of a person’s location or to conceal a portion of an image. In our paper, we worked on detecting region duplication forgery using COMOFORD databases by utilizing the discrete cosine transform (DCT), k-dimensional tree (k-d tree) for sorting efficiently, and a robust matching method. Here, the size of the block will be 16 × 16, and it will be divided into four blocks. This study can detect forged portions for PNG images with better performance by highlighting the images with a quality factor of 0.5 and a threshold value of 10, as well as gives good results for JPEG images.
Empirical Study on 4G up-gradation of Star Link Engineering Ltd
(Daffodil International University, 2019-10-30) Sayed, Md. Abu
Long-term evolution redirects here. For biological assumptions, see the Evolution and longterm evolution experiments of E. coli. Telecommunications, a long-term evolution (LTE) standard for wireless broadband communication for mobile devices and data terminals based on GSM / EDGE and UMTS / HSPA technologies. This increases the power and speed of using a different radio interface with the improvement of the core network. The standard was developed by 3GPP (Third Generation Partnerships Project) and specified in its Release 8 document series, with upgrades described in Release 9 the upgrade path for both the LTE GSM / UMTS network and the CDMA 2000 network carrier. Different LTE frequencies and bands used in different countries mean that LTE is supported wherever only multi-band phones are capable of using LTE but it is usually marketed as 4G LTE and Advanced 4G but it does not meet the technical criteria of 4G. In this report, 4G upgradation of the BTS in terms of changing Huawei cmponents to nokia components. After upgradation the holistic analysis is also included here.
Extracting Semantic Relatedness For Bangla Words
(IEEE, 13-May-2016) Hadi, Abdullah Al; Khan, Md. Yasin Ali; Sayed, Md. Abu
a framework for extracting semantic relational words in Bangla is presented in this paper. Here extraction of Synonyms, Antonyms, Hyponym, Hypernym, Meronym, Holonym and Polysemy are primarily investigated as a rule based model. For every word two other things: concept and parts of speech category are also presented for clarification. A semantic analyzer is used to extract these relations from nouns, adjectives and verbs.
Financial Reporting Practices of NGOs in Bangladesh with Special Reference to BRAC and ASA
(University of Rajshahi, 2014) Sayed, Md. Abu; Dey, Madan Mohan
Non-government organizations (NGOs), as a big actor in the development sector of Government of Bangladesh have been facilitating their development programs through utilizing different donors’ fund and from their own. But a question frequently arises in Bangladesh regarding the management and utilization of huge amount of money by the NGOs and whether they follow Companies Act. 1994 and FAS No. 93, 116 &117. In this study, we intend to explore the present condition of financial reporting practices of NGOs in Bangladesh. The objectives of our study are to examine the financial reporting practices of NGOs. In particular, the objectives of our study are as follows : (i) to examine the characteristics of the financial reporting practices of NGOs like BRAC & ASA; (ii)to measure the extent of disclosure items of BRAC and ASA; (iii) to identify the association among disclosure score and variables affecting the disclosure score; (iv) to judge the opinion of the expert groups regarding the qualitative characteristics of accounting information and the compliance of standards by selected NGOs; (v) to suggest for improvement in disclosure by the sample NGOs. Both primary and secondary data have been used for the study. Separate methods and techniques have been followed for collecting both types of data. We have prepared two sets of questionnaire: One for the experts in accounting and other for the NGO executives. The questionnaire is close ended. First set of questionnaire consists of 17 questions which were meant for the experts in accounting and the second set of questionnaire consists of 64 questions which were meant for the NGO executives. The researcher has used quantitative techniques to analyze the collected and classified data. Quantitative analysis has been done through simple Tables. This technique has involved simple calculation of mean, standard deviation, co-efficient of variation, ratio analysis, regression, t-test and Chi-square test. It is evident from our study that the selected NGOs follow GAAP and IASs/BASs such as IASs BASs No. 1, 7, 8, 10, 16, 18, 19, 23, 24, and 37 but the total scores of disclosure are not sufficient. However, the extent of disclosure by the NGOs is moderate, though they follow chart of accounts, use internal check system and comply with the relevant Acts. They also take measure for safeguarding their assets and they use a wide range of depreciation rates. The study finds significant differences in disclosure score regarding accounting policy items, balance sheet items (assets), balance sheet items (liabilities), the income statement items (debit), the income statement items (credit), and the total disclosure score of the selected NGOs. But it has failed to show any significant difference in disclosure score regarding the information as to projection and budgetary disclosure, the information relating to various useful statements and the information useful for measurement and valuation method of the selected NGOs. The univariate regression analysis reveals that the size of NGOs proxied by the total assets, total revenue, and equity capital significantly affects the disclosure score of the selected NGOs while the liquidity as proxied by current ratio, net working capital ratio and leverage as proxied by debt-equity ratio, total debt to total assets ratio do not affect the extent of disclosure score. If we turn towards the result of opinion survey on the respondents we observe that the results of chi-square test on opinion survey documents no significant difference among the respondents regarding the compliance with legal framework, the application of IASs & IFRSs, the extent of understandability, the compliance of decision usefulness, the extent of relevance, the extent of comparability and the extent of consistency by the selected NGOs. But there is significant difference among the respondents regarding the extent of reliability by the selected NGOs. The NGOs play a significant role for the economic development of Bangladesh. This economic development depends to a great extent on the disclosure of accounting information because accurate and relevant accounting information about NGOs help their management as well as the Government to keep them on the right direction. Here, reliable and relevant information about NGOs have a role to play. The study provides testimony to the fact that there is significant difference in disclosure scores and regarding balance sheet and income statement items except for projection and budgetary items and for information relating to valuation methods. The study evidenced significant associations between disclosure score and size as proxied by total assets, revenue and equity capital but no association was found between disclosure score and liquidity as well as leverage. Finally, respondents were unanimous regarding compliance with legal framework, application of IASs & IFRSs and the extent of understandability with the exception of reliability. If the suggestions are implemented then the transparency of the NGOs as well as the disclosure will be improved. Every study has some limitations. Although we have taken due care in selecting the sample, choosing the period, collecting, editing and analyzing the data, selecting the respondents our study has some limitations. The limitations of our study are as follows: We have selected two NGOs to evaluate the financial reporting practices of them. But the inclusion of more NGOs would increase the representativeness of our sample. The Regulatory Acts of the NGOs do not require any disclosure by them. Accordingly, we had to construct disclosure index using Companies Act 1994, since The Society Registration Act and other Regulations do not require any disclosure. Another limitation of our study is that our data are not adjusted for price level changes because the relevant NGOs prepare their financial statements using historical cost figures. The Acts are silent regarding the number of financial statements and their contents. So, provision should be made in the said Acts regarding the type of financial statement, number of financial statement, frequency of the issuance of financial statement. The accounting system of the selected NGOs should be computerized. An Act that contains sufficient provision regarding disclosure of its different dimension should be enacted and strict compliance with the Act must be ensured. Disclosure provision regarding receipts and payment of money, accounting policy followed valuation method of assets, purpose of spending the donation, frequency of report preparation, audit lag allowed and rules regarding changes in accounting policy should be clearly mentioned in concerned Act that will deal with NGO affairs. Strict adherence to financial rules regarding NGOs dealing with monetary affairs with the public should be ensured. Sufficient measures should be taken by the Government of Bangladesh so that any NGO cannot receive any money from the foreign donors through illegal means such as hundi since there is a possibility of spending this money in the illegal sector. In fine it can be concluded that the present study has been conducted using two selected NGOs. Further in-depth study on disclosure can be conducted taking more NGOs as sample and covering more dimensions and more time.
Industrial Attachment at Robintex Group Vulta, Rupgong, Narayangong
(Daffodil International University, 2018-11-29) Sayed, Md. Abu; Hasan, Md. Robiul; Ali, Md. Hasem
The Industrial Attachment is the most effective way for Textile Engineering student to be achieved the knowledge about the practical field of the Textile Manufacturing. It brings an opportunity to all the learners to enrich their academic knowledge by practicing with the experts of the practical field of textile.
Numerical Validation of Fire- Effected Reinforced Concrete Beam
(Daffodil International University, 2024-06-25) Sayed, Md. Abu
This study aims to validate experimental test results of post-fire reinforced concrete beams within a finite element environment while identifying temperature-related and structural response parameters. The comparison between finite element simulations and experimental findings demonstrated remarkable consistency. Through multiple trials, a viscosity range for 0.001 to 0.000001 was examined, with a viscosity of 0.000001 yielding satisfactory outcomes for the beam. Additionally, analysis revealed that a dilation angle of 31 degrees provided satisfactory results, with a range of 20 to 31 degrees being reliable and consistent. Mesh sizes ranging from 20 mm to 50 mm were utilized, with a 25 mm mesh size identified as the most suitable through finite element analysis. The validation approach demonstrated good agreement with experimental test results, particularly concerning thermocouple temperature during the fire and post-fire capacity of the reinforced concrete beam. This comprehensive validation process enhances confidence in the accuracy and reliability of finite element simulations for assessing post-fire behavior in reinforced concrete structures.