Browsing by Author "Samad, Md. Abdus"

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Bioavailability and Toxicity of Heavy Metals and Microplastics in Shellfish (Meretrix Lyrata) a Preliminary Study in the Bay of Bengal
(Elsevier, 2024-08-15) Hossain, Md. Yeamin; Uddin, Minhaz; Kormoker, Tapos; Rahman, Md. Ashekur; Haque, Md. Kamrul; Rahman, Md. Naimur; Tasmin, Rumana; Samad, Md. Abdus; Siddique, Md. Abu Bakar; Rahman, M. Safiur
Microplastics (MPs) and heavy metals (HMs) pollution pose significant environmental threats by accumulating in marine species, leading to potential health risks for marine life and humans consuming contaminated seafood. However, limited research has been conducted on the bioavailability and toxicity of MPs and HMs in the marine biota of the Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh. In this study, the bioavailability of some HMs (i.e., Ni, Pb, Cd, and Cr) and MPs in a common marine shellfish (Meretrix lyrata) of the Bay of Bengal having nutritional and economic importance, and their human health risks due to the consumption of M. lyrata mussels has been evaluated. The mean concentrations of Ni, Pb, Cd, and Cr in the samples were determined spectrophotometrically and found as 5.54, 45.65, 0.51, and 33.51 mg/kg, respectively, which are higher than the maximum permissible limit set by different national and international entities. This study revealed that the hazard index values for all samples were greater than unity, which indicated that the cumulative effect of all selected heavy metals may pose substantial health hazards. The target cancer risk for Pb and Ni was also significant (i.e., TR > 1.0E-04). On the other hand, MPs (mainly polyvinyl chloride and polyethylene) of different colors (7-8) and shapes (6.53-330 μm) were detected in 50% of the total studied samples, which is alarming and will result in a potential health risk due to the consumption of the mussels. Therefore, the consumer should be careful to eat this selected mussel (M. lyrata) in their regular meal and the concerned authority should take proper steps to protect this natural species from heavy metal and MPs contamination.
Bioavailability and toxicity of heavy metals and microplastics in shellfish (Meretrix lyrata): A preliminary study in the Bay of Bengal
(Scopus, 2024-12) Hossain, Md. Yeamin; Uddin, Minhaz; Kormok, Tapos; Rahman, Md. Ashekur; Haque, Md. Kamrul; Rahman, Md. Naimur; Tasmin, Rumana; Samad, Md. Abdus; Siddique, Md. Abu Bakar; Rahman, M. Safiur
Microplastics (MPs) and heavy metals (HMs) pollution pose significant environmental threats by accumulating in marine species, leading to potential health risks for marine life and humans consuming contaminated seafood. However, limited research has been conducted on the bioavailability and toxicity of MPs and HMs in the marine biota of the Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh. In this study, the bioavailability of some HMs (i.e., Ni, Pb, Cd, and Cr) and MPs in a common marine shellfish (Meretrix lyrata) of the Bay of Bengal having nutritional and economic importance, and their human health risks due to the consumption of M. lyrata mussels has been evaluated. The mean concentrations of Ni, Pb, Cd, and Cr in the samples were determined spectrophotometrically and found as 5.54, 45.65, 0.51, and 33.51 mg/kg, respectively, which are higher than the maximum permissible limit set by different national and international entities. This study revealed that the hazard index values for all samples were greater than unity, which indicated that the cumulative effect of all selected heavy metals may pose substantial health hazards. The target cancer risk for Pb and Ni was also significant (i.e., TR > 1.0E-04). On the other hand, MPs (mainly polyvinyl chloride and polyethylene) of different colors (7−8) and shapes (6.53–330 μm) were detected in 50 % of the total studied samples, which is alarming and will result in a potential health risk due to the consumption of the mussels. Therefore, the consumer should be careful to eat this selected mussel (M. lyrata) in their regular meal and the concerned authority should take proper steps to protect this natural species from heavy metal and MPs contamination.
Diabsense: Early Diagnosis of Non-insulin-dependent Diabetes Mellitus Using Smartphone-based Human Activity Recognition and Diabetic Retinopathy Analysis with Graph Neural Network
(Springer Nature, 2024-08-03) Alam, Md Nuho Ul; Hasnine, Ibrahim; Bahadur, Erfanul Hoque; Masum, Abdul Kadar Muhammad; Urbano, Mercedes Briones; Vergara, Manuel Masias; Ashraf, Imran; Samad, Md. Abdus
Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (NIDDM) is a chronic health condition caused by high blood sugar levels, and if not treated early, it can lead to serious complications i.e. blindness. Human Activity Recognition (HAR) offers potential for early NIDDM diagnosis, emerging as a key application for HAR technology. This research introduces DiabSense, a state-of-the-art smartphone-dependent system for early staging of NIDDM. DiabSense incorporates HAR and Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) upon leveraging the power of two different Graph Neural Networks (GNN). HAR uses a comprehensive array of 23 human activities resembling Diabetes symptoms, and DR is a prevalent complication of NIDDM. Graph Attention Network (GAT) in HAR achieved 98.32% accuracy on sensor data, while Graph Convolutional Network (GCN) in the Aptos 2019 dataset scored 84.48%, surpassing other state-of-the-art models. The trained GCN analyzed retinal images of four experimental human subjects for DR report generation, and GAT generated their average duration of daily activities over 30 days. The daily activities in non-diabetic periods of diabetic patients were measured and compared with the daily activities of the experimental subjects, which helped generate risk factors. Fusing risk factors with DR conditions enabled early diagnosis recommendations for the experimental subjects despite the absence of any apparent symptoms. The comparison of DiabSense system outcome with clinical diagnosis reports in the experimental subjects was conducted using the A1C test. The test results confirmed the accurate assessment of early diagnosis requirements for experimental subjects by the system. Overall, DiabSense exhibits significant potential for ensuring early NIDDM treatment, improving millions of lives worldwide.
FIR filter design using modified lanczos window function
(© 2012 Advanced Materials Research, 2012) Samad, Md. Abdus; Uddin, Jia; Ahmed, Md. Razu
Attenuated side lobe peak in the range of around ~-45dB is required in many applications of signal processing and measurements. However, the problem is usual window based FIR filter design lies in its side lobes amplitudes that are higher than the requirement of application. We propose a modified Lanczos window function by heuristic by examining the Lanczos window, which has better performance like equiripple, minimum side lobe compared to the several commonly used windows. The proposed window has slightly larger main lobe width of the commonly used Hamming window, while featuring 5.1-18.5 dB smaller side lobe peak. The proposed modified Lanczos window maintains its maximum side lobe peak about -55.2-51.9 dB compared to -39-36.7 dB of Hamming window for M= 10-14, while offering roughly equal main lobe width. Our simulated results also show significant performance upgrading of the proposed modified Lanczos window compared to the Kaiser, Gaussian, and Lanczos windows. The proposed modified Lanczos window also shows better performance than Dolph-Chebyshev window. Finally, the example of designed low pass FIR filter confirms the efficiency of the proposed modified Lanczos window.
FIR filter design using modified lanczos window function
(© 2012 Advanced Materials Research, 2012) Samad, Md. Abdus; Uddin, Jia; Ahmed, Md. Razu
Attenuated side lobe peak in the range of around ~-45dB is required in many applications of signal processing and measurements. However, the problem is usual window based FIR filter design lies in its side lobes amplitudes that are higher than the requirement of application. We propose a modified Lanczos window function by heuristic by examining the Lanczos window, which has better performance like equiripple, minimum side lobe compared to the several commonly used windows. The proposed window has slightly larger main lobe width of the commonly used Hamming window, while featuring 5.1-18.5 dB smaller side lobe peak. The proposed modified Lanczos window maintains its maximum side lobe peak about -55.2-51.9 dB compared to -39-36.7 dB of Hamming window for M= 10-14, while offering roughly equal main lobe width. Our simulated results also show significant performance upgrading of the proposed modified Lanczos window compared to the Kaiser, Gaussian, and Lanczos windows. The proposed modified Lanczos window also shows better performance than Dolph-Chebyshev window. Finally, the example of designed low pass FIR filter confirms the efficiency of the proposed modified Lanczos window.
Investigation into the causes of maternal phenotypic individuals in interspecific crosses of corchorus
(© University of Dhaka, 2025-04-29) Samad, Md. Abdus