Browsing by Author "Rumata, Nur Rahma"

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Immunomodulatory Effect of Begonia Medicinalis Ethanolic Extract in Drosophila
(Biointerface research, 2023-02-24) Syamsidi, Armini; Rosa, Reski Amalia; Sulastri, Evi; Rahmah, Nur; Kamri, Reski Amelia; Rumata, Nur Rahma; Emran, Talha Bin; Sharma, Rohit; Rabaan, Ali A.; Nainu, Firzan; Zubair, Muhammad Sulaiman
Begonia medicinalis is an Indonesian endemic plant that has been reported to exert multiple pharmacological effects, including antiviral and anticancer activities. These activities have been suggested to be related to the immunomodulatory properties of dried B. medicinalis ethanolic extract (DBME). However, this notion remains unclear. This study was carried out aiming to investigate the immunomodulatory effect of DBME in Drosophila melanogaster model based on the expression of genes in the Toll, Imd, and JAK-STAT pathways. Phenotypical analysis on the survival and locomotor of D. melanogaster was carried out to reveal whether changes in the gene expressions were observable at the phenotypical level. Four groups of D. melanogaster were prepared and treated with DBME (0%, 0.25%, 0.5%, and 2%). The results demonstrated that DBME could modulate the expression of Drs (Toll pathway), Dpt (Imd pathway), and TotA (JAK-STAT pathway) in D. melanogaster. These molecular changes were accompanied by almost no changes in survival and locomotor activities. In brief, DBME can induce the humoral immune responses of D. melanogaster without significant phenotypical trade-offs.
Progress and Challenges in Antimicrobial Resistance and Bacterial Vaccines
(Applied Sciences and Engineering, 2023-01-06) Rumata, Nur Rahma; Djide, Nana Juniarti Natsir; Frediansyah, Andri; Fitr, Andi Maghfirah Nurul; Asfa, Nurfadhilah; Mu’arif, Ahmad; Chandran, Deepak; Dhama, Kuldeep; Al Mutair, Abbas; Alhumaid, Saad; Rabaan, Ali A.; Emran, Talha Bin; Nainu, Firzan
In recent decades, pathogens have continued to strike humans in the form of newly emerging or re-emerging infectious diseases, opportunistic infectious diseases, and infections caused by drug- resistant microbes. In response, humans have developed modern platform technologies that can produce effective vaccines to prevent pathogens from causing infectious diseases. Vaccines against antimicrobial-resistant organisms could prevent or minimize life-threatening infections, thus lowering healthcare costs. These pharmaceutical products could also reduce antibiotic use, lowering the risk of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) emergence. Furthermore, once a population has received enough vaccines, indirect protection via herd immunity can help to prevent the spread of resistant strains. In this sense, antibiotics would be unnecessary once the burden of pathogen-associated illnesses is reduced. Based on such a notion, bacterial vaccines would be an excellent and applicable solution to fight AMR. In this review, we highlight our current understanding of AMR, the role of bacterial vaccines in preventing AMR, and discuss the potential of bacterial vaccines and their pitfalls in managing infectious diseases.