Browsing by Author "Pervin, Sonia"

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Overweight and obesity among children and adolescents in Bangladesh: a systematic review and meta-analysis
(© 2017 Elsevier B.V., 1/1/2017) Biswas, Tuhin; Islam, Anwar; Islam, Md Serajul; Pervin, Sonia; Rawal, Lal Bahadur
Objectives The increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity among children (0–12 years) and adolescents (13–19 years) has emerged as a major public health threat in Bangladesh. Unfortunately, there is a serious paucity of credible data on these issues that can be used for policy and programmatic development. This article presents a systematic review of studies on overweight and obesity to present a more accurate estimate by pooling results. Study design Systematic review. Methods The study systematically reviewed relevant literature published between 1998 and 2015 using predefined inclusion/exclusion criteria. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses checklist was used to identify relevant studies. Measures of heterogeneity and variability were calculated, and a random effect model was used to report pooled prevalence rates of overweight and obesity. Results The findings show that prevalence rates of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents varied widely from 1.0% to 20.6% and 0.3% to 25.6%, respectively. The pooled prevalence rates of overweight and obesity were 7.0% (95% confidence interval [CI] 5.0–10.0) and 6.0% (95% CI 4.0–8.0), respectively. The pooled prevalence rate of overweight increased substantially over the years, from 3.6% during 1998–2003 (95% CI 0.3–29.2) to 5.7% during 2004–2009 (95% CI 0.8–30.2) and 7.9% by 2010–2015 (95% CI 5.1–12.1). However, the pooled prevalence rate of obesity registered a sharp decline between 1998–2003 and 2004–2009 – from 9.7% (95% CI 5.7–16.2) to 2.0% (95% CI 0.3–11.1) – and subsequently increased significantly to 9.0% by 2010–2015 (95% CI 5.3–14.6). Conclusions This review identified increasing trends in the prevalence of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents in Bangladesh. This study underscores the urgent need to promote healthy lifestyles among children and adolescents with a view to effectively address the increasing problem of overweight and obesity. This would also help to prevent the development of chronic non-communicable diseases in adulthood.
Overweight and obesity among children and adolescents in Bangladesh: a systematic review and meta-analysis
(© 2017 Elsevier B.V., 1/1/2017) Biswas, Tuhin; Islam, Anwar; Islam, Md Serajul; Pervin, Sonia; Rawal, Lal Bahadur
Objectives The increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity among children (0–12 years) and adolescents (13–19 years) has emerged as a major public health threat in Bangladesh. Unfortunately, there is a serious paucity of credible data on these issues that can be used for policy and programmatic development. This article presents a systematic review of studies on overweight and obesity to present a more accurate estimate by pooling results. Study design Systematic review. Methods The study systematically reviewed relevant literature published between 1998 and 2015 using predefined inclusion/exclusion criteria. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses checklist was used to identify relevant studies. Measures of heterogeneity and variability were calculated, and a random effect model was used to report pooled prevalence rates of overweight and obesity. Results The findings show that prevalence rates of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents varied widely from 1.0% to 20.6% and 0.3% to 25.6%, respectively. The pooled prevalence rates of overweight and obesity were 7.0% (95% confidence interval [CI] 5.0–10.0) and 6.0% (95% CI 4.0–8.0), respectively. The pooled prevalence rate of overweight increased substantially over the years, from 3.6% during 1998–2003 (95% CI 0.3–29.2) to 5.7% during 2004–2009 (95% CI 0.8–30.2) and 7.9% by 2010–2015 (95% CI 5.1–12.1). However, the pooled prevalence rate of obesity registered a sharp decline between 1998–2003 and 2004–2009 – from 9.7% (95% CI 5.7–16.2) to 2.0% (95% CI 0.3–11.1) – and subsequently increased significantly to 9.0% by 2010–2015 (95% CI 5.3–14.6). Conclusions This review identified increasing trends in the prevalence of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents in Bangladesh. This study underscores the urgent need to promote healthy lifestyles among children and adolescents with a view to effectively address the increasing problem of overweight and obesity. This would also help to prevent the development of chronic non-communicable diseases in adulthood.
The prevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity in Bangladeshi adults: data from a national survey
(© 2017 Public Library of Science, 5/5/2017) Biswas, Tuhin; Garnett, Sarah P.; Pervin, Sonia; Rawal, Lal Bahadur
Background: Over the two last decades Bangladesh, a low-income country, has experienced a rapid demographic and epidemiological transition. The population has increased substantially with rapid urbanization and changing pattern of disease, which at least in part, can be explained by nutritional changes. However, the nutritional status of the adult population has not been previously described. Hence, the objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence and explore socio-demographic determinants of underweight, overweight and obesity among the Bangladeshi adult population. Methods: This study is a secondary data analysis of the national 2011 Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey. We determined the nutritional status of adults aged ≥35 years of age, who had a measured weight and height, using the Asian body mass index (BMI) cut-offs for underweight (BMI <18.5 kg/m2), overweight (BMI 23 to <27.5 kg/m2) and obesity (BMI ≥27.5 kg/m2). Logistic regression modeling was used to determine the association between socio-demographic factors and nutritional status. Result: Of total sample (n = 5495), 30.4% were underweight, 18.9% were overweight and 4.6% were obese. Underweight was associated with age, education and wealth. The adjusted odd ratios for underweight were higher for older people (≥70 years) compared to younger, the least educated compared to the most educated and the poorest compared to the wealthiest were 2.51 (95%CI: 1.95±3.23, p<0.001), 3.59 (95%CI: 2.30±5.61, p<0.001) and 3.70 (95%CI: 2.76±4.96, p<0.001), respectively. Younger age (35±44 years), being female, higher education, wealthier and living in urban areas were associated with overweight/obesity with adjusted odds ratios of 1.73 (95%CI: 1.24±2.41, p<0.001), 2.48 (95%CI: 1.87±3.28, p<0.001), 3.98 (95%CI: 2.96±5.33, p<0.001), 7.14 (95%CI: 5.20±9.81, p<0.001) 1.27 (95%CI: 1.05±1.55, p-0.02), respectively. Conclusion: Underweight and overweight/obesity are prevalent in Bangladeshi adults. Both conditions are associated with increased morbidity and mortality and increase the risk of developing non-communicable diseases. Effective public health intervention approaches are necessary to address both these conditions.
The prevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity in Bangladeshi adults: data from a national survey
(© 2017 Public Library of Science, 5/5/2017) Biswas, Tuhin; Garnett, Sarah P.; Pervin, Sonia; Rawal, Lal Bahadur
Background: Over the two last decades Bangladesh, a low-income country, has experienced a rapid demographic and epidemiological transition. The population has increased substantially with rapid urbanization and changing pattern of disease, which at least in part, can be explained by nutritional changes. However, the nutritional status of the adult population has not been previously described. Hence, the objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence and explore socio-demographic determinants of underweight, overweight and obesity among the Bangladeshi adult population. Methods: This study is a secondary data analysis of the national 2011 Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey. We determined the nutritional status of adults aged ≥35 years of age, who had a measured weight and height, using the Asian body mass index (BMI) cut-offs for underweight (BMI <18.5 kg/m2), overweight (BMI 23 to <27.5 kg/m2) and obesity (BMI ≥27.5 kg/m2). Logistic regression modeling was used to determine the association between socio-demographic factors and nutritional status. Result: Of total sample (n = 5495), 30.4% were underweight, 18.9% were overweight and 4.6% were obese. Underweight was associated with age, education and wealth. The adjusted odd ratios for underweight were higher for older people (≥70 years) compared to younger, the least educated compared to the most educated and the poorest compared to the wealthiest were 2.51 (95%CI: 1.95±3.23, p<0.001), 3.59 (95%CI: 2.30±5.61, p<0.001) and 3.70 (95%CI: 2.76±4.96, p<0.001), respectively. Younger age (35±44 years), being female, higher education, wealthier and living in urban areas were associated with overweight/obesity with adjusted odds ratios of 1.73 (95%CI: 1.24±2.41, p<0.001), 2.48 (95%CI: 1.87±3.28, p<0.001), 3.98 (95%CI: 2.96±5.33, p<0.001), 7.14 (95%CI: 5.20±9.81, p<0.001) 1.27 (95%CI: 1.05±1.55, p-0.02), respectively. Conclusion: Underweight and overweight/obesity are prevalent in Bangladeshi adults. Both conditions are associated with increased morbidity and mortality and increase the risk of developing non-communicable diseases. Effective public health intervention approaches are necessary to address both these conditions.