Browsing by Author "Mitra, Dipak"

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    Prevalence and associated factors of depression among adolescent boys and girls in Bangladesh: Findings from a nationwide survey
    (BMJ Journals, 1/17/2021) Mridha, Malay Kanti; Hossain, Md Mokbul; Khan, Md Showkat Ali; Hanif, Abu Abdullah Mohammad; Hasan, Mehedi; Mitra, Dipak; Hossaine, Moyazzam; Ullah, Mohammad Aman; Sarker, Samir Kanti; Rahman, S M Mustafizur; Bulbul, Md M Islam; Shamim, Abu Ahmed
    Objective: To assess the prevalence of and factors associated with depression among adolescent boys and girls. Design: We conducted a nationwide cross-sectional study. Setting: This study was carried out in 82 randomly selected clusters (57 rural, 15 non-slum urban and 10 slums) from eight divisions of Bangladesh. Participants: We interviewed 4907 adolescent boys and 4949 adolescent girls. Primary and secondary outcome measures The primary outcome measure was ‘any depression’ and the secondary outcome measures were types of depression: no or minimal, mild, moderate, moderately severe and severe. Results: The overall prevalence of no or minimal, mild, moderate, moderately severe and severe depression was 75.5%, 17.9%, 5,4%, 1.1% and 0.1%, respectively. Across most of the sociodemographic, lifestyle and anthropometric strata, the prevalence of any depression was higher among adolescent girls. In both sexes, depression was associated with higher age, higher maternal education, paternal occupation e.g., business, absence of a 6–9-year-old member in the household, food insecurity, household consumption of unfortified oil, household use of non-iodised salt, insufficient physical activity (adjusted odds ratio, AOR: 1.24 for boys, 1.44 for girls) and increased television viewing time e.g., ≥121minute/day (AOR: 1.95 for boys, 1.99 for girls). Only among boys, depression was also associated with higher paternal education e.g., complete secondary and above (AOR: 1.42), absence of another adolescent member in the household (AOR: 1.34), household use of solid biomass fuel (AOR: 1.39), use of any tobacco products (AOR: 2.17), and consumption of processed food (AOR: 1.24). Only among girls, non-slum urban residence, Muslim religion, and household size ≤4 were also associated with depression. Conclusion: The prevalence of depression among adolescent boys and girls is high in Bangladesh. In most sociodemographic, lifestyle and anthropometric strata, the prevalence is higher among girls. In this age group, depression is associated with a number of sociodemographic and lyfestyle factors. The government of Bangladesh should consider these findings while integrating adolescent mental health in the existing and future programmes.
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    Prevalence of multimorbidity among Bangladeshi adult population: A nationwide cross-sectional study
    (BMJ Journals, 11/28/2018) Khan, Nusrat; Rahman, Mahfuzar; Mitra, Dipak; Afsana, Kaosar
    Objective This study aimed to report prevalence and evaluate the association between multimorbidity and associated risk factors in the adult population of Bangladesh. Design A cross-sectional study was conducted using a multistage clustered random sampling strategy. Setting The study was conducted among the general population of 58 districts in Bangladesh. Participants A total of 12 338 male and female individuals aged ≥35 were included for analysis in this study. Identified through a household listing conducted prior to the study, from 15 297 individuals meeting the inclusion criteria, 12 338 participants were included based on availability during data collection, consent and health condition. Outcome measures Multimorbidity in terms of hypertension, diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, stroke and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Results Approximately 8.4% (95% CI 7.0 to 9.7) of individuals suffer from multimorbidity, of which hypertension accounted for (30.1%) followed by diabetes (10.6%). The mean age of the population was 58.6 (SD ±9.2) years. The prevalence of multimorbidity was lower among men (7.7%) compared with women (8.9%). The likelihood of having multimorbidity among obese individuals were more than double than people with normal body mass index (BMI). Physical activity protected individuals from developing multimorbidity: however, the physical activity adjusted OR was 0.5 (95% CI 0.2 to 1.2). After adjusting for all covariates, higher age, higher educational status, economic status, and higher BMI were found to be significantly associated with the odds of developing multimorbidity, with an overall adjusted OR of 0.02 (95% CI 0.01 to 0.02). Conclusion This study reported a high prevalence of multimorbidity in Bangladesh, although it explored the burden and identified risk factors considering only six chronic diseases. Further detailed exploration through longitudinal studies considering a wider range of diseases is needed to document the actual burden, develop effective preventive measures and clinical guidelines to improve the quality of life of the population.
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    The role of age, ethnicity and environmental factors in modulating malaria risk in Rajasthali, Bangladesh
    (2011) Haque, Ubydul; Magalhães, Ricardo J Soares; Mitra, Dipak; Kolivras, Korine N; Schmidt, Wolf-Peter; Haque, Rashidul; Glass, Gregory E
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