Browsing by Author "Mimi, Anjuman Ara"

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Phytochemical Investigation and in Vitro Evaluation of Antioxidant Property and in Vivo Evaluation of Cytotoxic, Anthelmintic and Antidiarrheal Activity of Urena Sinuata
(Daffodil International University, 2020-12-12) Mimi, Anjuman Ara
Urena sinuata is commonly known as Burr mallow and Bon-Okra (Bengali), one of the vital medicinal herb of Bangladesh. Its root is used as emollient, leave is used as antiinflammatory and flowers is used in bronchitis. The current study deals with the phytochemical investigation and in vitro evaluation of antioxidant property and in vivo evaluation of cytotoxic, anthelmintic and antidiarrheal activity of methanolic extracts of Urena sinuata based on conventional use of plant. Thus the aim is to authenticate its traditional uses and representing the great potential of this species for further expansion within the pharmaceutical industry. Antioxidant activity was evaluated according to DPPH free radical scavenging method in which the positive control ascorbic acid showed IC50 value of 12.44μg/ml. On the other hand, the crude methanolic extract of whole plant showed promising DPPH free radical scavenging activity with IC50 value 30.73 μg/ml.. Methanol extracts of whole plant was most toxic &LC50 of 145.91μg/ml. The extract have significant anti-diarrheal activity with 77.27% and 68.18%% reduction of diarrheal feces in both 75mg/ml and 150mg/kg body wt. compared to standard loperamide which reduce 72.73%. Methanolic extract of the leaves of Urena sinuata shows anthelmintic activity against helminthes. Death time of standard Albendazole is 14min (25mg/ml). On the other hand, with increasing the concentration of the plant’s extract decrease the death time (at 250mg/ml death time is 48.33min). In a nut shell, this study suggest that the extracts of Urena sinuata retains anti-oxidant, anti-diarrheal, cytotoxic and anthelmintic properties, which upkeep its use in traditional medicine. In future the plant should be further investigated for its pharmacologically active compound.
Pyroptosis: in Diabetic Nephropathy
(Clinica Chimica Acta, Elsevier, 2021-12) Mamun, Abdullah Al; Mimi, Anjuman Ara; Wu, Yanqing; Zaeem, Muhammad; Aziz, Md. Abdul; Suchi, Suzia Aktar; Alyafeai, Eman; Munir, Fahad; Xiao, Jian
Diabetic nephropathy (DN), a sterile inflammatory disease, is a serious complication of diabetes mellitus. However, recent evidence indicates that pyroptosis, a new term for pro-inflammatory cell death featured by gasdermin D (GSDMD)-stimulated plasma membrane pore generation, cell expansion and rapid lysis with the extensive secretion of pro-inflammatory factors, including interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and −18 (IL-18) may be involved in DN. Caspase-1-induced canonical and caspase-4/5/11-induced non-canonical inflammasome-signaling pathways are mainly believed to participate in pyroptosis-mediated cell death. Further research has uncovered that activation of the caspase-3/8 signaling pathway may also activate pyroptosis. Accumulating evidence has shown that NLRP3 inflammasome activation plays a critical role in promoting the pathogenesis of DN. In addition, current studies have suggested that pyroptosis-induced cell death promotes several diabetic complications that include DN. Our present study briefs the cellular mechanisms of pyroptosis-related signaling pathways and their impact on the promotion of DN. In this review, several investigational compounds suppressing pyroptosis-mediated cell death are explored as promising therapeutics in DN.
Role of Gut Microbiome in Autism Spectrum Disorder and Its Therapeutic Regulation
(Daffodil International University, 2022-07-18) Taniya, Masuma Afrin; Chung, Hea-Jong; Mamun, Abdullah Al; Alam, Safaet; Aziz, Md. Abdul; Emon, Nazim Uddin; Islam, Md. Minarul; Hong, Seong-T shool; Podder, Bristy Rani; Mimi, Anjuman Ara; Suchi, Suzia Aktar; Xiao, Jian
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurological disorder that affects normal brain development. The recent finding of the microbiota–gut–brain axis indicates the bidirectional connection between our gut and brain, demonstrating that gut microbiota can influence many neurological disorders such as autism. Most autistic patients suffer from gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms. Many studies have shown that early colonization, mode of delivery, and antibiotic usage significantly affect the gut microbiome and the onset of autism. Microbial fermentation of plant-based fiber can produce different types of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) that may have a beneficial or detrimental effect on the gut and neurological development of autistic patients. Several comprehensive studies of the gut microbiome and microbiota–gut–brain axis help to understand the mechanism that leads to the onset of neurological disorders and find possible treatments for autism. This review integrates the findings of recent years on the gut microbiota and ASD association, mainly focusing on the characterization of specific microbiota that leads to ASD and addressing potential therapeutic interventions to restore a healthy balance of gut microbiome composition that can treat autism-associated symptoms.
Role of Pyroptosis in Cancer and Its Therapeutic Regulation
(European Journal of Pharmacology, Elsevier, 2021-11-05) Al Mamun, Abdullah; Mimi, Anjuman Ara; Aziz, Md. Abdul; Zaeem, Muhammad; Ahmed, Tanvir; Munir, Fahad; Xiao, Jian
Pyroptosis is mainly considered a gasdermin-regulated cell death mechanism characterized by cellular lysis and the release of several pro-inflammatory factors. Nowadays, pyro ptosis has notably been gained extensive attention from clinicians and researchers. However, current studies report that down regulation of pyro ptosis-mediated cell death plays a significant role in developing multiple cancers. Increasing studies also suggest that pyro ptosis can impact all stages of carcinogenesis. Inducing pyrophoric cellular death could be a promising therapeutic option for managing and regulating multiple cancers in the near future. Our current review highlights the molecular and morphological features of pyro ptosis and its potential roles in various cancers. In addition, we have also highlighted the biological characteristics and significances of GSDMD and GSDME and their critical functions in cancer progression, management and regulation.
Role of Pyroptosis in Diabetic Retinopathy and Its Therapeutic Implications
(European Journal of Pharmacology, Elsevier, 2021-08-05) Al Mamun, Abdullah; Mimi, Anjuman Ara; Zaeem, Muhammad; Wu, Yanqing; Monalisa, Ilma; Akter, Afroza; Munir, Fahad; Xiao, Jian
Pyro ptosis has recently been established as a term of programmed-inflammatory cell death. Pyro ptosis is mainly divided into two molecular signaling pathways, including caspase-1-dependent canonical and caspase-4/5/11-dependent non-canonical inflammasome pathways. Extensive investigations have reported inflammasome activation facilitates the maturation and secretion of the inflammatory factors interleukin-1β/18 (IL-1β/18), cleavage of gasdermin D (GSDMD), and leading to the stimulation of pyro ptosis-mediated cell death. Furthermore, accumulating studies report NLRP3 inflammasome activation plays a significant role in triggering the pyro ptosis-mediated cell death and promotes the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Our current review elaborates on the molecular mechanisms of pyro ptosis-signaling pathways and their potential roles in the pathogenesis and impact of DR development. We also emphasize several investigational molecules regulating key steps in pyroptotic-cell death to create new comprehensions and findings to explore the pathogenesis of DR advancement. Our narrative review concisely suggests these potential pharmacological agents could be promising therapies to treat and manage DR in the future.
The Gut Microbiota (Microbiome) in Cardiovascular Disease and Its Therapeutic Regulation
(Daffodil International University, 2022-06-22) Rahman, Md. Mominur; Islam, Fahadul; Rashid, Md. Harun-Or; Mamun, Abdullah Al; Rahaman, Md. Saidur; Islam, Md. Mohaimenul; Meem, Atkia Farzana Khan; Sutradhar, Popy Rani; Mitra, Saikat; Mimi, Anjuman Ara; Emran, Talha Bin; Idroes, Rinaldi; Fatimawal; Idroes, Rinaldi; Tallei, Trina Ekawati; Ahmed, Muniruddin; Cavalu, Simona
In the last two decades, considerable interest has been shown in understanding the development of the gut microbiota and its internal and external effects on the intestine, as well as the risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) such as metabolic syndrome. The intestinal microbiota plays a pivotal role in human health and disease. Recent studies revealed that the gut microbiota can affect the host body. CVDs are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, and patients favor death over chronic kidney disease. For the function of gut microbiota in the host, molecules have to penetrate the intestinal epithelium or the surface cells of the host. Gut microbiota can utilize trimethylamine, N-oxide, short-chain fatty acids, and primary and secondary bile acid pathways. By affecting these living cells, the gut microbiota can cause heart failure, atherosclerosis, hypertension, myocardial fibrosis, myocardial infarction, and coronary artery disease. Previous studies of the gut microbiota and its relation to stroke pathogenesis and its consequences can provide new therapeutic prospects. This review highlights the interplay between the microbiota and its metabolites and addresses related interventions for the treatment of CVDs.