Browsing by Author "Mamun, Abdullah"

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    An evaluation of antinociceptive effect of methanol extracts of Desmodium gangeticum (L.) Dc. stems and Benincasa hispida (Thunb.) Cogn. leaves on acetic acid-induced gastric pain in mice
    (The Free Library, 2010-09-01) Jahan, Farhana Israt; Hossain, Mohaammad Shahadat; Mamun, Abdullah; Hossain, Md. Tozammal; Seraj, Syeda; Chowdhury, Anita Rani; Khatun, Zubaida; Andhi, Nahin Zaman; Chowdhury, Majeedul; Rahmatullah, Mohammed
    Desmodium gangeticum Duchesne (Fabaceae, local name: shalpani) is commonly found in the wild areas of Bangladesh. The leaves of the plant are used by folk medicinal practitioners for treatment of toothache, chest pains, and fungal infections. Benincasa hispida (Thunb.) Cogn. (Cucurbitaceae, local name: chal kumra) is cultivated for its edible fruits, which are cooked and consumed as vegetable. The fruits are used by the folk medicinal practitioners for treatment of tumor, gonorrhea, and helminthiasis. The leaves are used by the folk medicinal practitioners for relief from stomach pain. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the antinociceptive potential of stems of D. gangeticum and leaves of B. hispida in acetic acid-induced gastric pain with consequent abdominal constrictions in Swiss albino mice. Administration of methanol extract of stems of D. gangeticum was observed to cause dose-dependent and significant reduction of acetic acid-induced abdominal constrictions in mice. At the highest dose tested of the extract, namely 400 mg/kg body weight, the extract caused 52.6% inhibition of abdominal constrictions, when compared to control mice. In contrast, the standard antinociceptive drug, aspirin, caused 38.6% and 49.2% inhibitions of abdominal constrictions, when administered at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight, respectively. The results demonstrated that the methanol extract of stems of D. gangeticum was highly effective in the reduction of acetic acid-induced gastric pain, and as such validate the use of the plant in folk medicine for treatment of pain. The methanol extract of leaves of B. hispida also caused significant reductions in acetic acid-induced abdominal constrictions. However, the number of constrictions was lowest at the lowest dose tested of 50 mg/kg body weight, where it caused 48.1% inhibition in the number of abdominal constrictions (writhings). At higher doses, the percent inhibition of constrictions decreased progressively, and was 31.4% at the highest dose tested (400 mg/kg body weight). The results with B. hispida, although validating the use of the plant for pain, also suggest that any treatment with leaves of the plant for pain reduction purposes must be done with low doses. The progressive dose-dependent decrease of inhibitory activities is suggestive of presence of other constituents in the leaves, which may play an antagonistic role to constituents that modulate its antinociceptive effects.
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    Childhood malnutrition in households with contemporary siblings: a scenario from urban Bangladesh
    (© 2015 Nature Publishing Group, 2015) Das, Jui; Kumar Das, Sumon; Hasan, T; Syed Golam Faruque, Abu; Ahmed, Salma; Ferdous, Farzana; Begum, R; Jobayer Chisti, Mohammod; Malek, M A; Mamun, Abdullah
    This study aimed to determine the effect of the presence of under-5 siblings (≥1) in a household on childhood malnutrition in urban Bangladesh. During 2000 and 2013, a total of 16 948 under-5 children were enrolled in the Diarrhoeal Disease Surveillance of icddr,b. Under-5 siblings were categorised as ≥1 and none except the child himself. In univariate analysis, the presence of siblings was associated with 1.13 (risk ratios=1.13; 95% CI:1.06-1.20) times higher risk of being stunted, 1.17 (1.09-1.25) times for wasted and 1.19 (1.13-1.26) times underweight compared with their peers who did not have siblings. In multivariate analysis, such associations remained significant for stunting (1.08; 1.01-1.15), wasting (1.12; 1.04-1.21) and underweight (1.13, 1.06-1.19) after controlling for possible confounders such as age of child, sex, parental education, maternal employment, family size, wealth quintile and time (year). The presence of under-5 siblings increases the risk of malnutrition in children in urban Bangladesh
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    Childhood malnutrition in households with contemporary siblings: a scenario from urban Bangladesh
    (© 2015 Nature Publishing Group, 2015) Das, Jui; Kumar Das, Sumon; Hasan, T; Syed Golam Faruque, Abu; Ahmed, Salma; Ferdous, Farzana; Begum, R; Jobayer Chisti, Mohammod; Malek, M A; Mamun, Abdullah
    This study aimed to determine the effect of the presence of under-5 siblings (≥1) in a household on childhood malnutrition in urban Bangladesh. During 2000 and 2013, a total of 16 948 under-5 children were enrolled in the Diarrhoeal Disease Surveillance of icddr,b. Under-5 siblings were categorised as ≥1 and none except the child himself. In univariate analysis, the presence of siblings was associated with 1.13 (risk ratios=1.13; 95% CI:1.06-1.20) times higher risk of being stunted, 1.17 (1.09-1.25) times for wasted and 1.19 (1.13-1.26) times underweight compared with their peers who did not have siblings. In multivariate analysis, such associations remained significant for stunting (1.08; 1.01-1.15), wasting (1.12; 1.04-1.21) and underweight (1.13, 1.06-1.19) after controlling for possible confounders such as age of child, sex, parental education, maternal employment, family size, wealth quintile and time (year). The presence of under-5 siblings increases the risk of malnutrition in children in urban Bangladesh