Browsing by Author "Khan, S. I."

Now showing 1 - 5 of 5

A study on coastal water pollution of Bangladesh in the Bay of Bengal
(BRAC University, 2006-09) Rahman, Mohammad Mizanur; Khan, S. I.
The natural disasters have been regularly taking toll on the people and the resources of Bangladesh. Natural disaster causes inexpressible damage to lives, properties, livestock, life support systems and infrastructures. The coast of Bangladesh is known as a zone of multiple vulnerabilities as well as opportunities. It is prone to severe natural disasters such as cyclones, storm surges, floods, erosion, soil salinity etc. In combination with other natural hazards various forms of man made pollution made the coastal dwellers very vulnerable and ultimately slowed down their socio-economic development. This study will seek to analyze the vulnerabilities and risk of coastal water and suggest adopting appropriate measures for mitigation and management of coastal environmental pollution to the extent of generating environmental awareness among people. The coastal region gets polluted as the pollutants are carried through different rivers and canals to the sea. Water channels are used for dumping industrial wastes that ultimately end up in the sea. There is no facility for waste treatment in densely populated urban areas. As a result, water pollution is increasing. About three thousand ships including oil tankers come to our ports every year. There are several thousand mechanized trawlers and boats that spill oil. Sea is also polluted by oil spill because of accidents in ships. The authority fails to check pollution as they have no receiving or collecting vessels to face the emergency situation during oil spillage. Even our Port Authority has no laboratory to measure the extent of the pollution. Foreign and local ships find the Chittagong Port and its outer anchorage a safe dumping area for their waste, taking advantage of poor laws and their lax implementation due to logistic support.The authority fails to take action against the ships as they flee very quickly after dumping waste in the sea. Besides, ship¬breaking industry is located in Chittagong. Incidents like dumping of wastes into the sea by foreign vessels are also happening. A number of industries namely fertilizers, cement, pulp and paper, food processing, pharmaceuticals, metal, textile, chemical, petroleum and lubricant plants, etc, discharge heavy metals into the coastal water. The use of antibiotics and other chemicals used in shrimp fields is causing pollution in the water, which may harm other aquatic lives. Plastic bottles and other plastic products are most common forms of litter in the coastal water. The rapid and unplanned increase in shrimp culture is also becoming a concern. Shrimp culture in Cox's Bazar uses 620 tons of urea annually. It also generates 15 tons of waste daily, which comes into sea. The government has already signed a number of international treaties and conventions to check environmental degradation. Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) activities in Bangladesh were initiated first in the year 1999; thereafter on 17 January 2005 the Coastal Zone Policy has been approved by the Government. This ICZM policy would be followed by its implementing strategy. The proper implementation of this strategy would lead the Coastal Zone Management in a sustainable way. Under the objectives of the Integrated Coastal Zone Management Project (ICZM project), Priority Investment Programs (PIP) are being developed as the operational arms of this strategy. It is possible to address the pollution in the coast through development of partnerships. Pollution in the coast may not be arrested in short term approaches, like experiences from other countries showed that it is a matter of time. Long term vision would be considered in designing the PIP, where the pollution issues to be addressed and its severity would be minimized. Priority actions may include in district development plan as a basis to start a long term investment program to limit the pollution level in the coast.
Assessment of damage due to aila of post SIDR agricultural rehabilitation: insights from sharankhola, Bagerhat
(BRAC University, 2009-09) Hossain, S. M. Alamgir; Khan, S. I.
Changes in livelihood pattern of inhabitants in waterlogged areas in south-west region in Bangladesh
(Department of Architecture, 2006-09) Rejve, Kaiser; Khan, S. I.
The coastal zone specially in South-West part is ever dynamic and changes occur continually due to natural reasons, anthropogenic reasons and at the same time due to management interventions. What ever is the agent of changes have direct influence on the status and quality of coastal dweller’s life and livelihood. It is absolutely necessary to understand the development processes and dynamics in this region. Measurement of the conditions of the natural systems functionality, resource bases health, resources flow in one hand and at the same time access of the dwellers in this region to the services and resources are necessary to understand the well being of the dwellers in South-west region. This document is based on an analysis of existing data, information and experiences accompanied with findings of questionnaire survey conducted for this study. Study revealed that the region has been subjected to different kinds of environmental imbalance and natural disasters ever since the implementation of "development" projects that are clearly at odds with the region's environmental characteristics, and are ecologically unsound. No holistic attempt at investigation and research has been made to ascertain the negative impacts of river siltation, waterlogging, salinity and other disasters on the life of the people - especially women and children - and on their economic and family lives, on education, health, and hygiene. Therefore we need to take a correct approach towards the development of the South-west region. Isolated mechanical and technological approaches that have no consideration for the environment will necessarily fail to address the uniqueness and the problems of the coastal region. Only an eco-technological approach may bring about real development of the region. Study shows that local people have been trying to take part in decision making processes. Foreign experts come and go but they have no stake in the environment in which they apply their ‘superior’ knowledge and skills. But the local people have. They have to stay there and survive. Any change in the environment profoundly affects local communities and the lives of the people. Therefore, if local communities have to achieve desired progress, they have to have more power in taking decisions. Abstract facts, data, and debates on different issues should be made simple, so that people can easily understand these issues, and realize their own roles in the development of their region, as well as the consequences that might follow, and what they should do in such eventualities.
Flood disaster mitigation in DND: land use perspective
(BRAC University, 2008-07) Munshi, Md. Ruhul Amin; Khan, S. I.; Mallick , Fuad Hassan
Influence of Azotobacter inoculation on the availability of nitrogen in soil
(Dhaka Universiry Studies, 1988-07) Khan, S. I.; Mandal, R.; Ali, F.; Ahmed, A. H. M.
The change of N in the availability pool was sigmoidal with control and P; sinusoidal with inocula and P as well as with organic matter and P. The response was quasi-sigmoidal with organic matter and inocula. Amongst the single and dual combinations, Azotobacter cAroococctfw in the presence of organic matter performed better. Interaction of inocula, P and organic matter showed flattened to sharp sigmoidal change in the availability of , N. Both A. chroococcum and A. macrocytogenes in the presence of organic matter and higher dose of P exhibited better influence with well defined crest. Between the two inocula, Azotobacter chroococcum was more effective. Nitrogen availability was maximal at 20-day in all treatments under the experimental conditions.