Browsing by Author "Jahanger, Atif"

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Can Financial Globalization and Good Governance Help Turning Emerging Economies Carbon Neutral? Evidence From Members of the BRICS-T
(Springer, 2023-01-05) Hashmi, Nazia Iqbal; Alam, Naushad; Jahanger, Atif; Yasin, Iftikhar; Murshed, Muntasir; Khudoykulov, Khurshid
Since turning carbon neutral is regarded as a major macroeconomic agenda worldwide, this study examines whether financial globalization and good governance can help Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa, and Turkey in achieving carbon neutrality. Considering the period of analysis from 2000 to 2020 and utilizing robust econometric methods, it is observed that the environmental consequences vary across different components of financial globalization. In particular, the results validate the pollution haven hypothesis by confirming the carbon emission-boosting effect of de facto financial globalization indicators. In contrast, the pollution halo effect hypothesis is verified by the finding of the carbon emission-abating effect of de jure financial globalization indicators. Besides, promoting good governance is evidenced to impose carbon emission-mitigating impact in the long-run. The findings also authenticate the existence of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis for the emerging countries of concern. Finally, for both the short and long runs, it is found that the non-renewable to renewable energy transition contributes to lower discharges of carbon dioxide, while urbanization results in the amplification of the carbon emission figures. Considering these critically important findings, it is necessary for these countries to impose restrictions on the influx of unclean foreign direct investment, facilitate and ease the investment process for foreign investors for investing in environment-friendly projects, promote good governance, and adopt green economic growth and sustainable urbanization policies by developing their respective renewable energy sectors.
Does the Digital Economy Reduce Air Pollution in China? A Perspective From Industrial Agglomeration
(Elsevier, 2023-02-28) Wu, Liu; Wan, Xiaowen; Jahanger, Atif; Li, Mengyi; Murshed, Muntasir; Lorente, Daniel Balsalobre
Based on the perspective of industrial agglomeration, this paper employs a dynamic panel model and mediating effects model to investigate the impact of digital economy’s development on air pollution in 274 Chinese cities from 2011 to 2019. The main findings include: (1) The development of the digital economy reduces air pollution emissions in Chinese cities, and the elasticity of pollution reduction is greater in central and western China than in eastern China. (2) The nexus between industrial agglomeration and air pollution is inverted-N-shaped. (3) Mechanism tests show that the digital economy can effectively promote the degree of industrial agglomeration in each area, and it plays a positive role in abating pollution in eastern and central China through the positive externalities of industrial agglomeration, but the mediating effect of industrial agglomeration on pollution reduction is not significant in western China. (4) Diversified agglomeration is an active mediator of the digital economy’s pollution reduction effect in eastern and central China. Accordingly, some policy implications are put forward for simultaneously promoting the development of the digital economy and reducing air pollution, impelling industrial agglomeration, and accelerating the green transformation in China.
Dynamic Linkages Between Globalization, Human Capital, and Carbon Dioxide Emissions
(Springer, 2022-05-27) Jahanger, Atif; Huang, Wei-Chiao; Yang, Bo; Murshed, Muntasir; Usman, Muhammad; Radulescu, Magdalena
This study examines the impact of human capital and globalization on carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions for a sample of 78 developing countries, from Asia, Africa, and Latin America and the Caribbean, over the period from 1990 to 2016. As opposed to the existing studies in the literature, this study considers three types of globalization namely economic, social, and political globalization. The econometric analysis involves the use of the two-stage least squares-generalized method of moment method to account for endogeneity issues. The findings, overall, indicate that human capital development decreases CO2 emissions in developing countries across all regions. In contrast, social globalization increases CO2 emissions in all developing countries. Moreover, the empirical results also reveal that political globalization boosts CO2 emissions in the Latin American and Caribbean region, but helps to curb CO2 emissions in Asia, Africa, and in overall panel. Additionally, economic globalization significantly reduces CO2 emissions in the Latin American and Caribbean region but increases CO2 emissions in Asia, Africa, and in overall panel countries. Furthermore, human capital and globalization (in all three forms) jointly boost CO2 emissions. Hence, in line with this major finding, we recommend that the globalization policies should also incorporate the human capital development agenda of the developing countries in order to comprehensively tackle the aggravation of CO2 emissions.
Dynamic Linkages Between Globalization, Human Capital, and Carbon Dioxide Emissions
(Daffodil International University, 2022-05-20) Jahanger, Atif; Yang, Bo; Huang, Wei‑Chiao; Murshed, Muntasir; Usman, Muhammad; Radulescu, Magdalena
This study examines the impact of human capital and globalization on carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions for a sample of 78 developing countries, from Asia, Africa, and Latin America and the Caribbean, over the period from 1990 to 2016. As opposed to the existing studies in the literature, this study considers three types of globalization namely economic, social, and political globalization. The econometric analysis involves the use of the two-stage least squares-generalized method of moment method to account for endogeneity issues. The findings, overall, indicate that human capital development decreases CO2 emissions in developing countries across all regions. In contrast, social globalization increases CO2 emissions in all developing countries. Moreover, the empirical results also reveal that political globalization boosts CO2 emissions in the Latin American and Caribbean region, but helps to curb CO2 emissions in Asia, Africa, and in overall panel. Additionally, economic globalization significantly reduces CO2 emissions in the Latin American and Caribbean region but increases CO2 emissions in Asia, Africa, and in overall panel countries. Furthermore, human capital and globalization (in all three forms) jointly boost CO2 emissions. Hence, in line with this major finding, we recommend that the globalization policies should also incorporate the human capital development agenda of the developing countries in order to comprehensively tackle the aggravation of CO2 emissions.
Going Away or Going Green in NAFTA Nations? Linking Natural Resources, Energy Utilization, and Environmental Sustainability Through the Lens of the EKC Hypothesis
(Elsevier, 22-12-01) Jahanger, Atif; Yu, Yang; Hossain, Mohammad Razib; Murshed, Muntasir; -Lorente, Daniel Balsalobre; Khan, Uzma
This current study provides new insight by presenting the role of natural resources and renewable energy use in affecting carbon emissions in the background of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis for the members of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) considering the period from 1990 to 2018. Besides, the analysis controls for the influx of FDI to assess the validity of the pollution haven hypothesis as well. The results unveil the existence of the EKC hypothesis by verifying an inverted U-shaped association between economic growth and carbon emissions, only in the long run. Besides, evidence regarding the environmental resource curse is also revealed as higher natural resource consumption is seen to trigger a higher discharge of carbon dioxide both in the short- and long-run. Moreover, only in the long-run, higher renewable energy consumption is associated with lower volumes of carbon emissions. In addition, the pollution haven hypothesis is found to be invalid both in the short- and long-run. Lastly, the ratification of NAFTA is evidenced to foster economic progress but inhibit environmental sustainability for its members in the long run. Hence, it can be said that the NAFTA countries are going away rather than going green. Furthermore, these findings are mostly seen to be heterogeneous, in terms of magnitude, across different environmental pollution quantiles. Lastly, the analysis unearths unidirectional causalities extending from economic growth, renewable energy consumption, and foreign direct investment inflows to carbon dioxide emissions without the respective feedback causality. In light of these major findings, this study recommends some critically important policies.