Browsing by Author "Jahan, Nusrat"

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A case for ‘counterfactual’ thinking in policymaking
(The Daily Star, 2020-07-30) Jahan, Nusrat
A case for ‘counterfactual’ thinking in policymaking
(The Daily Star, 2022-07-30) Jahan, Nusrat
A Comprehensive Review on the Sustainable Treatment of Textile Wastewater
(Scopus, 22-11-19) Jahan, Nusrat; Tahmid, Mohammed; Shoronika, Afrina Zaman; Fariha, Athkia; Roy, Hridoy; Pervez, Md. Nahid; Cai, Yingjie; Naddeo, Vincenzo; Islam, Md. Shahinoor
Clothing, one of the basic needs, demands the growth of textile industries worldwide, resulting in higher consumption and pollution of water. Consequently, it requires extensive treatment of textile effluent for environmental protection as well as reuse purposes. Primary treatment, secondary treatment, and tertiary treatment are the three major phases of textile wastewater treatment. Secondary treatment under aerobic and anaerobic circumstances is carried out to decrease BOD, COD, phenol, residual oil, and color, whereas primary treatment is utilized to remove suspended particles, oil, grease, and gritty materials. However, biological treatment is not fully capable of treating water according to discharge/reuse standards. Hence, tertiary treatment is used to remove final contaminants from the wastewater. Adsorption is regarded as one of the most feasible processes for dye and metal removal in consideration of cost and variation in the adsorbent. Though membrane filtration is an efficient process, the cost of operation limits its application. It’s unfortunate that there isn’t a universally applicable treatment solution for textile effluents. Therefore, the only flexible strategy is to combine several therapy modalities. Treatment of complicated, high-strength textile wastewater depending on pollutant load will be more successful if physical, chemical, and biological approaches are used in tandem. Enforcement of stringent environmental regulation policies, increasing costs and demand for freshwater, and the rising costs and difficulties associated with wastewater disposal are accelerating efforts toward achieving ZLD. Additionally, research into methods for extracting useful materials from wastewater has blossomed in recent years. As such, the purpose of this analysis is to give a holistic overview of textile wastewater treatment systems, with a focus on zero liquid discharge (ZLD) and efficient resource recovery, both of which may hasten the transition to more sustainable water management.
A Computer Vision Approach to Classify Local Flower using Convolutional Neural Network
(IEEE, 2020-06-19) Islam, Saiful; Foysal, Md. Ferdouse Ahmed; Jahan, Nusrat
Flower is the most beautiful part of this earth. In our busy lives, many flowers can be seen all over the places. Till now, more than 352,000 flower species in the world. In our country Bangladesh, the total numbers of species are not too much and are getting away from this natural beauty and becoming addressed with city life. Most of us are even unable to tell more than 10 names of local flowers. The problem is addressed and proposed an approach to identify the local flower of Bangladesh. Our proposed approach will be valuable to a botanist as well as people of other fields. With the support of machine learning techniques, object identification from an image is now quite encouraging with some challenges. Recent research has been focused on CNN (Convolutional neural network) model to train a machine with a large dataset to get more accurate results. A model is proposed, where CNN has used to classify the local flower dataset. The "ReLu" acti vation function "Adam optimizer" and the "Softmax" function are used to build the network layer. Our experiments are conducted on eight types of local flowers and considered a total of 5120 training images and 1280 test images to present eight types of flower categories and then applied eight augmentation methods to increase data volume. Finally, our proposed CNN structure provided 85% classification accuracy.
A Descriptive Study on Use of Fixed Dose Combination (FDC) Tablets and Role of DOT in TB Treatment
(East West University, 12/15/2017) Jahan, Nusrat
Tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health problem worldwide and Bangladesh is one of the high burden countries with high incidence and prevalence rates. Fixed dose combinations (FDC) is recommended for any type of TB cases in order for the patient to completely get cure from the disease. The role of Directly Observed Treatment (DOT) is an important factor to ensure the proper dosage and time of treatment. In order to determine the use of FDC tablets for TB treatment and the role of DOT for effective tuberculosis control program, a descriptive study was carried out in Kanaighat Upazilla of Sylhet, Bangladesh. After taking written consent, a total of 50 TB patients, registered in Kanaighat health complex, were interviewed using a standard questionnaire. Detail information regarding the patients` course of treatment were recorded from their treatment cards preserved in the health complex. In-depth data analysis were done using the software SPSS, version 19. In our study, most of the patients (34%) infected with tuberculosis were in between 50-65 years. Majority of the cases were smear positive (54%), whereas 36% cases were smear negative. All patients in our study were treated with Category 1 and DOT followed. The results have shown that the sputum conversion rate was higher among those who had taken the drugs following DOT (75%). About 86% of all the patients enrolled in our study had followed their treatment regimen under DOT. About 90.5% of the patients with smear positive cases were declared as cured after completion of their treatment course. The use of FDC has benefited the patients when the dosage regimen of these tablets were prescribed according to weight and consumed under supervision of a DOT provider. The result of this study has shown that a very good outcome was obtained when patients get treated with anti-TB drugs as FDC and the need for DOT to improve the outcome of the patient
A New 8-Directional Pixel Selection Technique of LSB Based Image Steganography
(Springer, 2020) Alam, Sheikh Thanbir; Jahan, Nusrat; Hassan, Md. Maruf
Pixel selection for data hiding becomes crucial for the solutions in spatial domain of steganography to ensure imperceptibility. This paper presents an efficient approach of pixel selection technique for hiding secret data in cover object of image steganography. After reviewing recent literature, it has been observed that most of the works on pixel selection uses zig-zag technique for their solution. However, it becomes very prone to steganalysis based attacks by the intruders. In this study, 8-directions pixel selection technique is proposed to embed data in the cover image where Least Significant Bit (LSB) method has been used on Red, Green and Blue (RGB) color image especially focused on JPG, JPEG, and PNG. Since this projected procedure avoids the known steganalysis techniques, it will be challenging for the attacker to recognize the presence of secret information from the stego image. To measure the quality, statistical analysis has been performed where the value of the quality measurement matrices has provided better results.
A novel approach for detecting and recognizing mathematical symbols
(BRAC University, 2016) Jahan, Nusrat; Nafiz, Mirza Abdullah Al; Biswas, Rubel
Extraction and recognition of mathematical characters and equations for documented images is important for many applications, artificially intelligent systems in particular to store or analyze mathematical data. It is vital that efficient and robust approaches are utilized in this sector. Recognition methodologies that are widely used at present work very well for nonmathematical data, but for mathematical data, the results are somewhat unsatisfying. Moreover, precision is important while extracting mathematical texts. In our thesis we have studied a number of text detection algorithms and used image segmentation methodologies, template matching, SVM (Support Vector Machine) to detect and recognize mathematical symbols from a document image.
A pharmacovigilance study on Donepezil: signal detection of rhabdomyolysis and death
(BRAC University, 2023-02) Jahan, Nusrat; Yasmin, Hasina
Alzheimer’s disease is an age-related neurodegenerative disease that effects the cognitive ability of a person. The cholinesterase inhibitor “donepezil” is used to treat Alzheimer's disease. Donepezil has shown the greatest advantages for improving patient’s lifestyles and cognitive abilities. The goal of this research is to offer a precise statistical analysis of the mortality benefit and rhabdomyolysis ratio in AD patients using the drug donepezil. The FAERS database was utilized to gather information on adverse events that were reported, and ROR was used as a statistical method to determine the mortality and rhabdomyolysis ratio in patients using donepezil. According to our research, donepezil has a positive impact on patient mortality than other cholinesterase inhibitors. On the other hand, in comparison to other cholinesterase inhibitors, donepezil also showed a relatively higher incidence of rhabdomyolysis cases. It has been discovered that donepezil increases patient’s life expectancy, but it has some limitations.
A priority based dynamic resource mapping algorithm for load balancing in cloud
(IEEE, 2018-02-15) Sadia, Farzana; Jahan, Nusrat; Rawshan, Lamisha; Jeba, Madina Tul; Bhuiyan, Touhid
Cloud computing is a rising technology which is responsible for supplying of computing resources on the basis of demand, as and when needed. Cloud provides many facilities due to its vast resources such as sharing resources for different purposes. Cloud computing faces many challenges in respect of performance and efficiency. To increase the cloud computing environment's efficiency, Virtual Machines (VM) has been employed for resource provisioning. In this paper, we proposed an algorithm that performs load distribution of workloads among different VM based on priority. This algorithm is proposed in the aim of load balancing of different nodes by considering maximum throughput with minimum execution time. To achieve that, the VM are sorted according to their processing powers and job requests are assigned to VM based on their instruction numbers and priorities. The proposed algorithm is experimented using CloudSim simulator and the results demonstrated that the performance of the algorithm is better than other conventional algorithms.
A study on the process of product planning and development in marketing
(BRAC University, 2022-01) Jahan, Nusrat; Akhter, Ms. Rahma
Chapter 1, I talk about myself, the company I worked for Akij and my supervisor Mr. Rezwan Ullah Khan, who is a senior manager and I worked directly under him. Then My contribution to the company as an intern. I learned how to follow standards and practices for products releasing and how to meet these. I know how to properly conduct marketing research and figure out what the customer needs. The problems I faced were partially Akij’s fault as unfortunately the department I went to had no female employees. I recommended that more workplace diversity should be taken in by Akij. More management positions should be taken by more female employees to diversify not just the workplace but also ideas and thought processes. After that I extensively talk about Akij as a company, how they conduct their work. Their mission vision and objectives. I talk about the overview of the company, Their governing body and directors’ body. We talk about their marketing tactics like linked in and other internet mediums. I talk about their management practices. I show in table view their income and expenditures and finally gave summary and conclusion. I recommended to Akij that they should invest more in mobile and internet methods to make more of their products easier to access. Finally, I talk about my biggest project I had to undertake. This was where I researched the market and I had to make the nutrients facts to make sure that the customers remain informed. This ensures we follow the proper standards and customs to release a product in the market. And I recommended them nothing as this process was easier on our own side, but much harder to collect the data from Bangladeshi standards institutions.
Accounts activities of MaxPro IT Solutions
(BRAC University, 2021-10) Jahan, Nusrat; Chowdhury, Suman Paul
In Bangladesh, MaxPro IT Solutions (MPITS) is an innovative IT Solutions company for new generation. MPITS has worked hard to establish a reputation for excellence in design, software quality, and customer service in the midst of hundreds of IT firms, as proven by its first five years of operation. The internship program at BRAC University Bangladesh, which is a requirement for the Masters in Business Administration, was the basis for this research. This study aims to provide insight into the accounts department of MaxPro IT Solutions. When creating this report, the accounts department's insights and the organization's performance analysis were attempted to be revealed. A few endorsements and initiatives were made which are based on the findings and results. My internship at MaxPro IT Solutions gave me tremendous practical experience. This report is divided into the following five sections. Background, scope, objective, technique, and limits are discussed in the first chapter. The MaxPro IT Solutions organizational profile and SWOT analysis are presented in Chapter 2 and the activities of the MaxPro IT Solutions accounting department are covered in Chapter 3. In Chapter 4 Job Profiles, Chapter 5 Recommendations and Conclusion. Finally, references are presented.
Adsorptive Removal of Methylene Blue Dye Coloration from Aqueous Solution by Adsorption Using Jute Wastages
(Daffodil International University, 2020-01) Hoque, Md. Saiful; Rashid, Muhammad Abdur; Jahan, Nusrat
In this research, treated and untreated waste jute fabric has been used to remove basic dye from aqueous solution by using the dye bath method. Wastage jute fabric was treated by scouring and bleaching. The effect of adsorbent mass on dye removal %, reflectance, and whiteness index has been examined. Furthermore, the effect of pH on dye removal % has been investigated. Maximum dye removal % achieved within 30-45 minutes while 14g treated waste jute fabric used as adsorbent. The adsorption capacity increased from 59.5 to 96 %, with increasing the pH of the aqueous solution from 3 to 10.5 while using treated adsorbents. Whiteness index and reflectance was increased with increasing the adsorbent mass.
An Effective Deep Learning Network for Detecting and Classifying Glaucomatous Eye
(Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science (IAES), 2023-10-20) Ahmed, Md. Tanvir; Ahmed, Imran; Rakin, Rubayed Ahmmad; Akter, Mst. Tuhin; Jahan, Nusrat
Glaucoma is a well-known complex disease of the optic nerve that gradually damages eyesight due to the increase of intraocular pressure inside the eyes. Among two types of glaucoma, open-angle glaucoma is mostly happened by high intraocular pressure and can damage the eyes temporarily or sometimes permanently, another one is angle-closure glaucoma. Therefore, being diagnosed in the early stage is necessary to safe our vision. There are several ways to detect glaucomatous eyes like tonometry, perimetry, and gonioscopy but require time and expertise. Using deep learning approaches could be a better solution. This study focused on the recognition of open-angle affected eyes from the fundus images using deep learning techniques. The study evolved by applying VGG16, VGG19, and ResNet50 deep neural network architectures for classifying glaucoma positive and negative eyes. The experiment was executed on a public dataset collected from Kaggle; however, every model performed better after augmenting the dataset, and the accuracy was between 93% and 97.56%. Among the three models, VGG19 achieved the highest accuracy at 97.56%.
An Interactive App for Pregnant Women of Bangladesh
(East West University, 9/23/2018) Jahan, Nusrat; Fariha, Umme Salma; Ananna, Mus ka Rahman
Mind swing is a very common problem during pregnancy. But in the poor country like Bangladesh where 38% women and her family never seek for any sort of help during pregnancy, even they don't aware about this complication which can be harmful for fetal. They cannot imagine it may cause miscarriage and even a mother is su ering from serious mind swing can deliver an abnormal baby. This paper presents ndings from a one-month long ethnography and online survey conducted in Bangladesh. Where the total number of participant was 207. Our analysis surfaces important care and cure of mind swing problem for pregnant women. An application have been proposed where a woman can get suggestion for each week of her pregnancy and also enjoy an environment she prefers to make her happy for instance.
An Investigation on Exhaustion of SAP ERP Users: Influence of Pace of Change and Technostress
(Semantic Scholar, 2017-10-01) Roy, Prashanta Kumar; Mahmud, Imran; Jahan, Nusrat; Sadia, Farzana
Despite recent growing research interest on ERP research, the understanding on ERP induced exhaustion is still limited. This study examines how the pace of change of ERP functionalities and interface causes exhaustion in workplace. For this purpose, we conducted an investigation on 128 ERP users from two different organizations in Bangladesh. We extended theory of technostress by integrating pace of change of ERP system. Result suggests that pace of change on ERP system significantly affect work-overload, work-life conflict and role ambiguity on ERP users. Result also shows that work-overload and role ambiguity are strong predictors for ERP induced exhaustion.
Analysis Of Disordered Speech of Children with Cleft Palate
(Daffodil International University, 2018-12-26) Jahan, Nusrat
Speakers with velopharyngeal incompetence,produce hypernasal speech across voiced elements.During the production of vowels,due to the defective velopharyngeal mechanism,oral cavity gets coupled with the nasal cavity.This coupling may introduce resonances of nasal cavity in the resulting vowel sound.Speech signal of eight cleft palate children with various VP opening have been studied. By considering normal and nasal vowel formants of normal speakers as reference, we have observed that variation in the spectrum of their speech occurs due to various types of VP opening due to abnormal coupling of oral and nasal cavity. In case of large VP opening an extra peak or nasal resonance is seen to appear around 600Hz and for small VP opening around 950 Hz. As the VP opening or cut of the cleft palate increases, the first formant reduces and lowers the extra formant.
Android Based Offline Travel App
(Daffodil International University, 2018-12-12) Jahan, Nusrat
"TravHelp" is an android application which will be developed mainly to help tourists who are eager to visit the Dhaka city. The application is mainly featured to be an offline app, so that the user can use the app without any hassle to acquire data services. Both English and Bangla language are supported so that not only foreigners but also the local people can also use the app flexibly. The app is developed to be user friendly and to support different screen sizes of various mobile and tablet devices. It has features like details about point of attractions and map of the Dhaka city. Other features include a language translator in the app. This paper details the development process of the travel application. This thesis is intending to design & development idea of a user-friendly android-based offline mobile and web-based application. The travel application will be developed to provide information about the point of attractions and map of the Dhaka city. Map will consist of the regional main attractions, travelling path and assumed expense. An extension of the work is including an instant voice translator in the app which might be very helpful for the foreign travelers who are traveling the Dhaka city. An automatic voice responded based on AI (artificial intelligence) is also planned to be included in the application. By using this tool, foreigner can be easily able to communicate with the local people which will lead to a very convenient travel.
Assessing the prevalence and impact of HER2-rs1136201 polymorphism in breast cancer development among Bangladeshi women: a case-control study
(BRAC University, 2025-08) Wriddhi, Jannate Adon; Jahan, Nusrat; Zawad, Md. Atik; Miskat, Mahdia Rahman; Haque, Md. Aminul
Breast cancer is one of the most malignant diseases in Bangladesh, and it is on the rise among women. The rs1136201 (Ile655Val) single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) gene have been proven to be involved in the development of breast cancer across various populations. The purpose of the study was to determine the relationship between the HER2 rs1136201 polymorphism and the susceptibility of breast cancer in the Bangladesh population among the women of this country on a case-control basis. 236 people, including 112 histopathologically-proven breast cancer patients and 124 age-matched controls, took part in the study. Multivariate logistic regression was used to perform statistical testing under various genetic model assumptions, including additive, dominant, recessive, and overdominant models. The outcomes showed that there was no association with significant results among the HER2 rs1136201 SNP and breast cancer in an additive, dominant, or recessive model (p > 0.05). Nevertheless, an overdominant model was significant (OR = 1.83, 95 % CI = 1.02-3.28; p = 0.041), suggesting that the risk of breast cancer was higher in individuals with AG heterozygote. Considering such an outcome, there may be an overdominance effect of the HER2 polymorphism among the Bangladeshi people. These associations should be confirmed by further research on larger sample sizes and of functional significance to determine their biological roles in the pathogenesis of breast cancer.
Bangladesh and Covid-19: Reversals and resilience
(Institute of Development Studies, 2022-07-27) Rahman, Atiya; Jahan, Nusrat; Matin, Imran; Rahman, Hossain Zillur
This article examines two primary data sets to identify the effect of the Covid-19 pandemic on different sectors and vulnerable populations in Bangladesh. It attempts to identify how the trends in sectors such as agriculture, ready-made garments (RMGs), education, employment among youth, and women’s participation have changed due to the pandemic compared to pre-Covid-19 levels. The results show that the agriculture and RMG sectors demonstrated resilience due to sustained government policies. In contrast, the other sectors, such as education, youth employment, and women’s participation in the labour market, have been negatively affected, leaving a long-term consequence for the country’s development. The article concludes with suggestions for inclusive and targeted policies, and community-based approaches to pre-empt new challenges to make development progress in Bangladesh.
Bank & Cash management and general accounting of Save the Children International (Bangladesh Country Office)
(BRAC University, 5/24/2012) Jahan, Nusrat; Mursalin, Md. Jabir Al
Save the Children is one of the best welfare organizations for children around the world. It was founded by Eglantyne Jebb on 1919 in England. At present it operates its activities in 120 countries around the world. In Bangladesh it has started its activities since 1972. The mission of this organization is to provide maximum benefits to the underprivileged children of the world. In order to do so they operate different programs around the world, most of these programs are based in the world’s poorest countries, where millions of children struggle to survive and thrive. Health, Population and Nutrition (HPN), Education, Field Operations and Disaster Management are their program focus point. Save the Children has worked through direct implementation and partnerships in many parts of the country, including Dhaka, Chittagong, Barisal, Khulna, Rajshahi and Sylhet divisions. Save the children mainly collect its fund from the individual foundations, government and different corporations, and spends as much money as possible on programs which benefit children directly. To achieve the aim of Save the Children is the mission of finance department of the organization. They are committed to managing the funds in a fully accountable way. Effective administration does cost money, but they try to keep this cost as low as possible. Save the Children is working to align their financial processes, planning and reporting through the transition to one Save the Children where, instead of many member organizations delivering programs in a particular country, there is only one Save the Children organization – bringing significant cost efficiencies in-country as well as across the rest of the organization. This allows them to focus more on working for children. SCI (Save the Children International) does all its financial activities through bank and cash management. So bank and cash management process is very important for running the financial activities efficiently as well as to achieve the goal of the organization. In SCI all bank & cash related activities are accomplished by the accounts & treasury section. SCI has its country office in Bangladesh to operate the regional activities, so after a certain period of time it has to top up its bank and cash balance according to the need determined by the budget & analysis department and operates its all necessary activities through bank and cash management by obliging the SCI fiance policy. Besides as SCI is funded by different government, individual foundations and corporate organizations so to maintain the transparency of their expenditure on different program and activities is another important aspect of finance department. To maintain transparency in the financial activities financial management system (FMS) section records the transactions by using coding attribute in an online spreadsheet (Agresso) for keeping record and generating report for various users. This section also reconciles the bank account and the SCI account on order to ensure the accuracy of the financial activities of the organization.