Browsing by Author "Islam, Md. Rezaul"

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A Drug Design Strategy Based on Molecular Docking and Molecular Dynamics Simulations Applied to Development of Inhibitor Against Triple-Negative Breast Cancer by Scutellarein Derivatives
(PLOS, 2023-10-12) Akash, Shopnil; Aovi, Farjana Islam; Azad, Md. A. K.; Kumer, Ajoy; Chakma, Unesco; Islam, Md. Rezaul; Mukerjee, Nobendu; Rahman, Md. Mominur; Bayıl, Imren; Rashid, Summya; Sharma, Rohit
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), accounting for 10–15% of all breast malignancies, is more prevalent in women under 40, particularly in those of African descent or carrying the BRCA1 mutation. TNBC is characterized by the absence of estrogen and progesterone receptors (ER, PR) and low or elevated HER2 expression. It represents a particularly aggressive form of breast cancer with limited therapeutic options and a poorer prognosis. In our study, we utilized the protein of TNBC collected from the Protein Data Bank (PDB) with the most stable configuration. We selected Scutellarein, a bioactive molecule renowned for its anti-cancer properties, and used its derivatives to design potential anti-cancer drugs employing computational tools. We applied and modified structural activity relationship methods to these derivatives and evaluated the probability of active (Pa) and inactive (Pi) outcomes using pass prediction scores. Furthermore, we employed in-silico approaches such as the assessment of absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) parameters, and quantum calculations through density functional theory (DFT). Within the DFT calculations, we analyzed Frontier Molecular Orbitals, specifically the Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital (HOMO) and Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital (LUMO). We then conducted molecular docking and dynamics against TNBC to ascertain binding affinity and stability. Our findings indicated that Scutellarein derivatives, specifically DM03 with a binding energy of -10.7 kcal/mol and DM04 with -11.0 kcal/mol, exhibited the maximum binding tendency against Human CK2 alpha kinase (PDB ID 7L1X). Molecular dynamic simulations were performed for 100 ns, and stability was assessed using root-mean-square deviation (RMSD) and root-mean-square fluctuation (RMSF) parameters, suggesting significant stability for our chosen compounds. Furthermore, these molecules met the pharmacokinetics requirements for potential therapeutic candidates, displaying non-carcinogenicity, minimal aquatic and non-aquatic toxicity, and greater aqueous solubility. Collectively, our computational data suggest that Scutellarein derivatives may serve as potential therapeutic agents for TNBC. However, further experimental investigations are needed to validate these findings.
Alkaloids as drug leads in Alzheimer's treatment: Mechanistic and therapeutic insights
(Scopus, 2024) Islam, Md. Rezaul; Akash, Shopnil; Islam, Mohammed Murshedul; Sarkar, Nadia; Kumer, Ajoy; Chakraborty, Sandip; Dhama, Kuldeep; Al-Shaeri, Majed Ahmed; Anwar, Yasir; Wilairatana, Polrat; Rauf, Abdur; Halawani, Ibrahim F.; Alzahrani, Fuad M.; Khan, Haroon
Alzheimer's disease (AD) has few effective treatment options and continues to be a major global health concern. AD is a neurodegenerative disease that typically affects elderly people. Alkaloids have potential sources for novel drug discovery due to their diverse chemical structures and pharmacological activities. Alkaloids, natural products with heterocyclic nitrogen-containing structures, are considered potential treatments for AD. This review explores the neuroprotective properties of alkaloids in AD, focusing on their ability to regulate pathways such as amyloid-beta aggregation, oxidative stress, synaptic dysfunction, tau hyperphosphorylation, and neuroinflammation. The FDA has approved alkaloids such as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors like galantamine and rivastigmine. This article explores AD's origins, current market medications, and clinical applications of alkaloids in AD therapy. This review explores the development of alkaloid-based drugs for AD, focusing on pharmacokinetics, blood–brain barrier penetration, and potential adverse effects. Future research should focus on the clinical evaluation of promising alkaloids, developing recently discovered alkaloids, and the ongoing search for novel alkaloids for medical treatment. A pharmaceutical option containing an alkaloid may potentially slow down the progression of AD while enhancing its symptoms. This review highlights the potential of alkaloids as valuable drug leads in treating AD, providing a comprehensive understanding of their mechanisms of action and therapeutic implications.
Alkaloids as Drug Leads in Alzheimer's Treatment: Mechanistic and Therapeutic Insights
(Elsevier, 2024-07-01) Islam, Md. Rezaul; Akash, Shopnil; Islam, Mohammed Murshedul; Sarkar, Nadia; Kumer, Ajoy; Chakraborty, Sandip; Dhama, Kuldeep; Al-Shaeri, Majed Ahmed; Anwar, Yasir; Wilairatana, Polrat; Rauf, Abdur; Halawani, Ibrahim F.; Alzahrani, Fuad M.; Khan, Haroon
Alzheimer's disease (AD) has few effective treatment options and continues to be a major global health concern. AD is a neurodegenerative disease that typically affects elderly people. Alkaloids have potential sources for novel drug discovery due to their diverse chemical structures and pharmacological activities. Alkaloids, natural products with heterocyclic nitrogen-containing structures, are considered potential treatments for AD. This review explores the neuroprotective properties of alkaloids in AD, focusing on their ability to regulate pathways such as amyloid-beta aggregation, oxidative stress, synaptic dysfunction, tau hyperphosphorylation, and neuroinflammation. The FDA has approved alkaloids such as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors like galantamine and rivastigmine. This article explores AD's origins, current market medications, and clinical applications of alkaloids in AD therapy. This review explores the development of alkaloid-based drugs for AD, focusing on pharmacokinetics, blood–brain barrier penetration, and potential adverse effects. Future research should focus on the clinical evaluation of promising alkaloids, developing recently discovered alkaloids, and the ongoing search for novel alkaloids for medical treatment. A pharmaceutical option containing an alkaloid may potentially slow down the progression of AD while enhancing its symptoms. This review highlights the potential of alkaloids as valuable drug leads in treating AD, providing a comprehensive understanding of their mechanisms of action and therapeutic implications.
An Overview of Antimicrobial Stewardship Optimization
(Daffodil International University, 2022-05-20) Rahman, Md. Mominur; Tumpa, Mst. Afroza Alam; Zehravi, Mehrukh; Sarker, Md. Taslim; Yamin, Md.; Islam, Md. Rezaul; Harun-Or-Rashid, Md.; Ahmed, Muniruddin; Ramproshad, Sarker; Mondal, Banani; Dey, Abhijit; Damiri, Fouad; Berrada, Mohammed; Rahman, Md. Habibur; Cavalu, Simona
Antimicrobial s are a type of agent widely used to prevent various microbial infections in humans and animals. Antimicrobial resistance is a major cause of clinical antimicrobial therapy failure, and it has become a major public health concern around the world. Increasing the development of multiple antimicrobial s has become available for humans and animals with no appropriate guidance. As a result, inappropriate use of antimicrobial s has significantly produced antimicrobial resistance. However, an increasing number of infections such as sepsis are untreatable due to this antimicrobial resistance. In either case, life-saving drugs are rendered ineffective in most cases. The actual causes of antimicrobial resistance are complex and versatile. A lack of adequate health services, um-optimized use of antimicrobial s in humans and animals, poor water and sanitation systems, wide gaps in access and research and development in healthcare technologies, and environmental pollution have vital impacts on antimicrobial resistance. This current review will highlight the natural history and basics of the development of antimicrobial s, the relationship between antimicrobial use in humans and antimicrobial use in animals, the simplistic pathways, and mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance, and how to control the spread of this resistance.
Analyzing the Public Sentiment on COVID-19 Vaccination in Social Media
(Daffodil International University, 22-05-16) Rahman, Md. Mominur; Islam, Md. Rezaul; Akash, Shopnil; -Or-Rashid, Md. Harun; Ray, Tanmay Kumar; Rahaman, Md. Saidur; Islam, Mahfuzul; Anika, Fazilatunnesa; Hosain, Md. Kawser; Aovi, Farjana Islam; Hemeg, Hassan A.; Rauf, Abdur; Wilairatana, Polrat
Nanoscale engineering is one of the innovative approaches to heal multitudes of ailments, such as varieties of malignancies, neurological problems, and infectious illnesses. Therapeutics for neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) may be modified in aspect because of their ability to stimulate physiological response while limiting negative consequences by interfacing and activating possible targets. Nanomaterials have been extensively studied and employed for cancerous therapeutic strategies since nanomaterials potentially play a significant role in medical transportation. When compared to conventional drug delivery, nanocarriers drug delivery offers various benefits, such as excellent reliability, bioactivity, improved penetration and retention impact, as well as precise targeting and administering. Upregulation of drug efflux transporters, dysfunctional apoptotic mechanisms, and a hypoxic atmosphere are all elements that lead to cancer treatment sensitivity in humans. It has been possible to target these pathways using nanoparticles and increase the effectiveness of multidrug resistance treatments. As innovative strategies of tumor chemoresistance are uncovered, nanomaterials are being developed to target specific pathways of tumor resilience. Scientists have recently begun investigating the function of nanoparticles in immunotherapy, a field that is becoming increasingly useful in the care of malignancies. Nanoscale therapeutics have been explored in this scientific literature and represent the most current approaches to neurodegenerative illnesses and cancer therapy. In addition, current findings and various biomedical nanomaterials' future promise for tissue regeneration, prospective medication design, and the synthesis of novel delivery approaches have been emphasized.
Applicability of Local Soils as Base Liner Materials to Construct Sanitary Landfill
(Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET), Khulna, Bangladesh, 2010-06) Islam, Md. Rezaul; Alamgir, Prof. Dr. Muhammed
This thesis represents the findings of application of local soils as base liner materials in the construction of Pilot Scale Sanitary Landfill (PSSL) at Rajbandh, Khulna, the ultimate disposal site (UDS) of Khulna City Corporation (KCC). The base liner of pilot scale sanitary landfill has been studied in situ condition during and post construction phases. The sub-soil investigation was carried out at the PSSL site to identify the soil strata, physical and engineering properties. Boring to a depth of 17m revealed that the gray clay minerals with organic forms to a depth of 1 .5m followed by silty clay having clay minerals content ranges from 23 to 30% and hydraulic conductivity varies from 2.45x10to6 to 2.5x10 to-8 cm/sec at different molding water content. Swelling clay minerals are present in varying the amount of 0 to 11% of the composition. The characterization shows that local soils at UDS of Rajbandh are suitable as a compacted clay liner for the construction of sanitary landfill, which has been verified in this study in field conditions. This study describes the process employed for the construction of PSSL. A very simple but technically compatible design is considered here to use local building materials and to avoid any imported or expensive materials such as any kind of geosynthetics. The available indigenous approach mostly manual labor intensive was employed to complete the construction of landfill. This field experience described in the study, which will help in establishing the sanitary landfill construction standard for Bangladesh based on the local conditions, socio-economic settings and technological capabilities. The mineralogical of the top clay layer also indented through standard laboratory test to see the potentiality as clay barrier to be used in the PSSL. A team consisting Asian and European design the PSSL based on local conditions, availability of natural barrier and construction materials, technical needs and the expert's experience. In the construction phases, emphasis was given on the best use of local building material, huge potential of manual labor force and the technical requirements. The performance of base liner has been measured by collecting the percolating water on areas from 2500 m2 of compacted clay liner. The performance of compacted clay liners, however, decreased severely within one year due to desiccation and shrinkage. The maximum percolation rates have increased from 36 x 10to-3 to 46.6x10 to -3 m 3 /day. 400mm of compacted clay liner (CCL) has been tested for one year. The CCL desiccated during the first dry summer of the study. High percolation rates through the CCL were measured during the monsoon. Wetting of the CCL did not significantly reduce the percolation rates. The laboratory test result of leachate from detection & collection system shows that the base liner has protected the migration of contaminant significantly. It also prevents the percolation of leachate as the major portion of generated leachate has been received through the collection system. The water tested in ground water monitoring well indicates that CCL works appreciably to prevent the migration of leachate from the landfill cell. Finally, it can be concluded that the CCL is constructed in the base liner using local clay and the construction techniques works with high degree of satisfaction.
Bioactive Compounds and Their Derivatives
(Daffodil International University, 2022-04-11) Islam, Fahadul; Khadija, Jannatul Fardous; Rashid, Md. Harun-Or-; Rahaman, Md. Saidur; Nafady, Mohamed H.; Islam, Md. Rezaul; Akter, Aklima; Emran, Talha Bin; Wilairatana, Polrat; Mubarak, Mohammad S.
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative brain disorder that causes cellular response alterations, such as impaired cholinergic mechanism, amyloid-beta (Aβ) AD aggregation, neuroinflammation, and several other pathways. AD is still the most prevalent form of dementia and affects many individuals across the globe. The exact cause of the disorder is obscure. There are yet no effective medications for halting, preventing, or curing AD’s progress. Plenty of natural products are isolated from several sources and analyzed in preclinical and clinical settings for neuroprotective effects in preventing and treating AD. In addition, natural products and their derivatives have been promising in treating and preventing AD. Natural bioactive compounds play an active modulatory role in the pathological molecular mechanisms of AD development. This review focuses on natural products from plant sources and their derivatives that have demonstrated neuroprotective activities and maybe promising to treat and prevent AD. In addition, this article summarizes the literature pertaining to natural products as agents in the treatment of AD. Rapid metabolism, nonspecific targeting, low solubility, lack of BBB permeability, and limited bioavailability are shortcomings of most bioactive molecules in treating AD. We can use nanotechnology and nanocarriers based on different types of approaches.
Bioactive Molecules From Terrestrial and Seafood Resources in Hypertension Treatment
(Springer Nature Limited, 2023-10-30) Islam, Md. Rezaul; Dhar, Puja Sutro; Akash, Shopnil; Syed, Sabeena Hussain; Gupta, Jeetendra Kumar; Gandla, Kumaraswamy; Akter, Muniya; Rauf, Abdur; Hemeg, Hassan A.; Anwar, Yasir; Aljohny, Bassam Oudh; Wilairatana, Polrat
Hypertension (HTN), a complex cardiovascular disease (CVD), significantly impacts global health, prompting a growing interest in complementary and alternative therapeutic approaches. This review article seeks to provide an up-to-date and thorough summary of modern therapeutic techniques for treating HTN, with an emphasis on the molecular mechanisms of action found in substances found in plants, herbs, and seafood. Bioactive molecules have been a significant source of novel therapeutics and are crucial in developing and testing new HTN remedies. Recent advances in science have made it possible to understand the complex molecular mechanisms underlying blood pressure (BP)-regulating effects of these natural substances better. Polyphenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, and peptides are examples of bioactive compounds that have demonstrated promise in influencing several pathways involved in regulating vascular tone, reducing oxidative stress (OS), reducing inflammation, and improving endothelial function. The article explains the vasodilatory, diuretic, and renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS) modifying properties of vital plants such as garlic and olive leaf. Phytochemicals from plants are the primary in traditional drug development as models for novel antihypertensive drugs, providing diverse strategies to combat HTN due to their biological actions. The review also discusses the functions of calcium channel blockers originating from natural sources, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, and nitric oxide (NO) donors. Including seafood components in this study demonstrates the increased interest in using bioactive chemicals originating from marine sources to treat HTN. Omega-3 fatty acids, peptides, and minerals obtained from seafood sources have anti-inflammatory, vasodilatory, and antioxidant properties that improve vascular health and control BP. Overall, we discussed the multiple functions of bioactive molecules and seafood components in the treatment of HTN.
Development and Performance Analysis of Machine Learning Methods for Predicting Depression Among Menopausal Women
(Frontier Scientific Publishing, 2023-07-11) Shopnil Akash; Baeza, Javiera; Mahmood, Sajjat; Mukerjee, Nobendu; Subramaniyan, Vetriselvan; Islam, Md. Rezaul; Gupta, Gaurav; Rajakumari, Vinibha; Chinni, Suresh V.; Ramachawolran, Gobinath; Saleh, Fayez M.; Albadrani, Ghadeer M.; Sayed, Amany A.; Abdel-Daim, Mohamed M.
The Lassa virus (LASV), an RNA virus prevalent in West and Central Africa, causes severe hemorrhagic fever with a high fatality rate. However, no FDA-approved treatments or vaccines exist. Two crucial proteins, LASV glycoprotein and nucleoprotein, play vital roles in pathogenesis and are potential therapeutic targets. As effective treatments for many emerging infections remain elusive, cutting-edge drug development approaches are essential, such as identifying molecular targets, screening lead molecules, and repurposing existing drugs. Bioinformatics and computational biology expedite drug discovery pipelines, using data science to identify targets, predict structures, and model interactions. These techniques also facilitate screening leads with optimal drug-like properties, reducing time, cost, and complexities associated with traditional drug development. Researchers have employed advanced computational drug design methods such as molecular docking, pharmacokinetics, drug-likeness, and molecular dynamics simulation to investigate evodiamine derivatives as potential LASV inhibitors. The results revealed remarkable binding affinities, with many outperforming standard compounds. Additionally, molecular active simulation data suggest stability when bound to target receptors. These promising findings indicate that evodiamine derivatives may offer superior pharmacokinetics and drug-likeness properties, serving as a valuable resource for professionals developing synthetic drugs to combat the Lassa virus.
Discovery of novel MLK4 inhibitors against colorectal cancer through computational approaches
(Scopus, 2024-11-24) Akash, Shopnil; Shanto, S.K. Hasibul Islam; Islam, Md. Rezaul; Bayil, Imren; Afolab, Samson Olusegun; Guendouzi, Abdelkrim; Abdellattif, Magda H.; Zak, Magdi E.A.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a significant health issue globally, affecting approximately 10 % of the world's population. The prevalence of CRC highlights the need for effective treatments and prevention strategies. The current therapeutic option, such as chemotherapy, has significant side effects. Thus, this study investigated the anticancer properties of Sanguinarine derivatives, an alkaloid found in traditional herbs via chemoinformatic approaches. Six Sanguinarine derivatives were discovered through virtual screening and molecular docking to determine their binding affinities against the mixed lineage kinase (MLK4) protein which is responsible for CRC. All the compounds were found to be more effective than standard drug used for colorectal cancer treatment, with Sanguinarine derivative 11 showing the highest affinity. The stability of the drug was confirmed through molecular dynamics simulations at 500 ns. This suggests that compound 11 has a higher chance of replacing 5-Fluorouracil, which is currently a widely used chemotherapy drug. Before molecular dynamics simulations, the pharmacokinetic and chemical properties of Sanguinarine derivatives were determined using pkCSM server and DFT method, respectively. The results support that compound 11 is a good drug candidate, as evidenced by Lipinski's Rule of Five. Therefore, compound 11 is recommended for further analysis via in vivo and in vitro studies to confirm its efficacy and safety.
Discovery of Novel MLK4 Inhibitors Against Colorectal Cancer Through Computational Approaches
(Elsevier, 2024-11-15) Akash, Shopnil; Shanto, S.K. Hasibul Islam; Islam, Md. Rezaul; Bayil, Imren; Afolabi, Samson Olusegun; Guendouzi, Abdelkrim; Abdellattif, Magda H.; Zaki, Magdi E.A.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a significant health issue globally, affecting approximately 10 % of the world's population. The prevalence of CRC highlights the need for effective treatments and prevention strategies. The current therapeutic option, such as chemotherapy, has significant side effects. Thus, this study investigated the anticancer properties of Sanguinarine derivatives, an alkaloid found in traditional herbs via chemoinformatic approaches. Six Sanguinarine derivatives were discovered through virtual screening and molecular docking to determine their binding affinities against the mixed lineage kinase (MLK4) protein which is responsible for CRC. All the compounds were found to be more effective than standard drug used for colorectal cancer treatment, with Sanguinarine derivative 11 showing the highest affinity. The stability of the drug was confirmed through molecular dynamics simulations at 500 ns. This suggests that compound 11 has a higher chance of replacing 5-Fluorouracil, which is currently a widely used chemotherapy drug. Before molecular dynamics simulations, the pharmacokinetic and chemical properties of Sanguinarine derivatives were determined using pkCSM server and DFT method, respectively. The results support that compound 11 is a good drug candidate, as evidenced by Lipinski's Rule of Five. Therefore, compound 11 is recommended for further analysis via in vivo and in vitro studies to confirm its efficacy and safety.
Emerging Management Approach for the Adverse Events of Immunotherapy of Cancer
(Daffodil International University, 2022-06-20) Rahman, Md. Mominur; Behl, Tapan; Islam, Md. Rezaul; Alam, Md. Noor; Islam, Md. Mohaimenul; Albarrati, Ali; Albratty, Mohammed; Meraya, Abdulkarim M.; Bungau, Simona Gabriela
Immunotherapy, which stimulates the body’s immune system, has received a considerable amount of press in recent years because of its powerful benefits. Cancer immunotherapy has shown long-term results in patients with advanced disease that are not seen with traditional chemotherapy. Immune checkpoint inhibitors, cytokines like interleukin 2 (IL-2) and interferon-alpha (IFN), and the cancer vaccine sipuleucel-T have all been licensed and approved by the FDA for the treatment of various cancers. These immunotherapy treatments boost anticancer responses by stimulating the immune system. As a result, they have the potential to cause serious, even fatal, inflammatory and immune-related side effects in one or more organs. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICPIs) and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy are two immunotherapy treatments that are increasingly being used to treat cancer. Following their widespread usage in the clinic, a wave of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) impacting virtually every system has raised concerns about their unpredictability and randomness. Despite the fact that the majority of adverse effects are minimal and should be addressed with prudence, the risk of life-threatening complications exists. Although most adverse events are small and should be treated with caution, the risk of life-threatening toxicities should not be underestimated, especially given the subtle and unusual indications that make early detection even more difficult. Treatment for these issues is difficult and necessitates a multidisciplinary approach involving not only oncologists but also other internal medicine doctors to guarantee quick diagnosis and treatment. This study’s purpose is to give a fundamental overview of immunotherapy and cancer-related side effect management strategies.
Emerging Promise of Computational Techniques in Anti-Cancer Research
(Daffodil International University, 2022-07-25) Rahman, Md. Mominur; Islam, Md. Rezaul; Rahman, Firoza; Rahaman, Md. Saidur; Khan, Md. Shajib; Abrar, Sayedul; Ray, Tanmay Kumar; Uddin, Mohammad Borhan; Kali, Most. Sumaiya Khatun; Dua, Kamal; Kamal, Mohammad Amjad; Chellappan, Dinesh Kumar
Research on the immune system and cancer has led to the development of new medicines that enable the former to attack cancer cells. Drugs that specifically target and destroy cancer cells are on the horizon; there are also drugs that use specific signals to stop cancer cells multiplying. Machine learning algorithms can significantly support and increase the rate of research on complicated diseases to help find new remedies. One area of medical study that could greatly benefit from machine learning algorithms is the exploration of cancer genomes and the discovery of the best treatment protocols for different subtypes of the disease. However, developing a new drug is time-consuming, complicated, dangerous, and costly. Traditional drug production can take up to 15 years, costing over USD 1 billion. Therefore, computer-aided drug design (CADD) has emerged as a powerful and promising technology to develop quicker, cheaper, and more efficient designs. Many new technologies and methods have been introduced to enhance drug development productivity and analytical methodologies, and they have become a crucial part of many drug discovery programs; many scanning programs, for example, use ligand screening and structural virtual screening techniques from hit detection to optimization. In this review, we examined various types of computational methods focusing on anticancer drugs. Machine-based learning in basic and translational cancer research that could reach new levels of personalized medicine marked by speedy and advanced data analysis is still beyond reach. Ending cancer as we know it means ensuring that every patient has access to safe and effective therapies. Recent developments in computational drug discovery technologies have had a large and remarkable impact on the design of anticancer drugs and have also yielded useful insights into the field of cancer therapy. With an emphasis on anticancer medications, we covered the various components of computer-aided drug development in this paper. Transcriptomics, toxicogenomics, functional genomics, and biological networks are only a few examples of the bioinformatics techniques used to forecast anticancer medications and treatment combinations based on multi-omics data. We believe that a general review of the databases that are now available and the computational techniques used today will be beneficial for the creation of new cancer treatment approaches.
Emerging Role of Neuron-Glia in Neurological Disorders
(Daffodil International University, 2022-08-22) Rahman, Md. Mominur; Islam, Md. Rezaul; Yamin, Md.; Islam, Md. Mohaimenul; Sarker, Md. Taslim; Meem, Atkia Farzana Khan; Akter, Aklima; Emran, Talha Bin; Cavalu, Simona; Sharma, Rohit
Based on the diverse physiological influence, the impact of glial cells has become much more evident on neurological illnesses, resulting in the origins of many diseases appearing to be more convoluted than previously happened. Since neurological disorders are often random and unknown, hence the construction of animal models is difficult to build, representing a small fraction of people with a gene mutation. As a result, an immediate necessity is grown to work within in vitro techniques for examining these illnesses. As the scientific community recognizes cell-autonomous contributions to a variety of central nervous system illnesses, therapeutic techniques involving stem cells for treating neurological diseases are gaining traction. The use of stem cells derived from a variety of sources is increasingly being used to replace both neuronal and glial tissue. The brain's energy demands necessitate the reliance of neurons on glial cells in order for it to function properly. Furthermore, glial cells have diverse functions in terms of regulating their own metabolic activities, as well as collaborating with neurons via secreted signaling or guidance molecules, forming a complex network of neuron-glial connections in health and sickness. Emerging data reveals that metabolic changes in glial cells can cause morphological and functional changes in conjunction with neuronal dysfunction under disease situations, highlighting the importance of neuron-glia interactions in the pathophysiology of neurological illnesses. In this context, it is required to improve our understanding of disease mechanisms and create potential novel therapeutics. According to research, synaptic malfunction is one of the features of various mental diseases, and glial cells are acting as key ingredients not only in synapse formation, growth, and plasticity but also in neuroinflammation and synaptic homeostasis which creates critical physiological capacity in the focused sensory system. The goal of this review article is to elaborate state-of-the-art information on a few glial cell types situated in the central nervous system (CNS) and highlight their role in the onset and progression of neurological disorders.
Epidemiology, Symptoms, Transmission, Prevention, Treatment, and Future Prospects of the Lassa Fever Outbreak: A Potential Study
(Springer, 2023-03-15) Islam, Md. Rezaul; Akash, Shopnil; Rahman, Md. Mominur
The acute viral sickness Lassa fever (LASF) can be transmitted to humans by rats. It takes place in West Africa. Avoiding contact with rats and their waste can stop primary transmission, especially in areas where outbreaks are common. Approximately 80% of infections are asymptomatic, but the remaining 20% of patients experience severe multisystem illness, and up to 15% of hospitalized cases may pass away.1 Southeast Guinea’s Guéckédou prefecture reported a possible case of hemorrhagic fever on April 20, 2022, to the local health officials. A 17-year-old female patient presented with fever and anorexia on April 12.
Exploring the Plant-Derived Bioactive Substances As Antidiabetic Agent
(Daffodil International University, 2022-06-01) Rahman, Md. Mominur; Dhar, Puja Sutro; Sumaia; Anika, Fazilatunnesa; Ahmed, Limon; Islam, Md. Rezaul; Sultana, Nazneen Ahmeda; Cavalu, Simona; Pop, Ovidiu; Rauf, Abdur
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic syndrome. Diabetes has become more common in recent years. Chemically generated drugs are used to lessen the effects of DM and its following repercussions due to unpleasant side effects such as weight gain, gastrointestinal issues, and heart failure. On the other hand, medicinal plants could be a good source of anti-diabetic medications. This article aims to determine any plant matrix’s positive potential. Food restriction, physical activity, and the use of antidiabetic plant-derived chemicals are all being promoted as effective ways to manage diabetes because they are less expensive and have fewer or no side effects. This review focuses on antidiabetic plants, along with their bioactive constituent, chemically characterization, and plantbased diets for diabetes management. There is minimal scientific data about the mechanism of action of the plant-based product has been found. The purpose of this article is to highlight anti-diabetic plants and plantderived bioactive compounds that have anti-diabetic properties. It also provides researchers with data that may be used to build future strategies, such as identifying promising bioactive molecules to make diabetes management easier.
Exploring the Potential Function of Trace Elements in Human Health
(Springer Nature Limited, 2023-01-13) Islam, Md. Rezaul; Akash, Shopnil; Jony, Maruf Hossain; Alam, Md Noor; Nowrin, Feana Tasmim; Rahman, Md. Mominur; Rauf, Abdur; Thiruvengadam, Muthu
A trace element, known as a minor element, is a chemical element whose concentration is very low. They are divided into essential and non-essential classes. Numerous physiological and metabolic processes in both plants and animals require essential trace elements. These essential trace elements are so directly related to the metabolic and physiologic processes of the organism that either their excess or deficiency can result in severe bodily malfunction or, in the worst situations, death. Elements can be found in nature in various forms and are essential for the body to carry out its varied functions. Trace elements are crucial for biological, chemical, and molecular cell activity. Nutritional deficits can lead to weakened immunity, increased susceptibility to oral and systemic infections, delayed physical and mental development, and lower productivity. Trace element enzymes are involved in many biological and chemical processes. These compounds act as co-factors for a number of enzymes and serve as centers for stabilizing the structures of proteins and enzymes, allowing them to mediate crucial biological processes. Some trace elements control vital biological processes by attaching to molecules on the cell membrane's receptor site or altering the structure of the membrane to prevent specific molecules from entering the cell. Some trace elements are engaged in redox reactions. Trace elements have two purposes. They are required for the regular stability of cellular structures, but when lacking, they might activate alternate routes and induce disorders. Therefore, thoroughly understanding these trace elements is essential for maintaining optimal health and preventing disease.
Exploring the Recent Trends in Management of Dementia and Frail-ty
(Daffodil International University, 2022-09-05) Rahman, Md. Mominur; Mim, Sadia Afsana; Islam, Md. Rezaul; Parvez, Anwar; Islam, Fahadul; Uddin, Mohammad Borhan; Rahaman, Md. Saidur; Shuvo, Pollob Ahmed; Ahmed, Muniruddin; Greig, Nigel H.; Kamal, Mohammad Amjad
Dementia and frailty increase health adversities in older adults, which are topics of growing research interest. Frailty is considered to correspond to a biological syndrome associated with age. Frail patients may ultimately develop multiple dysfunctions across several systems, including stroke, transient ischemic attack, vascular dementia, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, frontotemporal dementia, dementia with Lewy bodies, cortico-basal degeneration, multiple system atrophy, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Patients with dementia and frailty often develop malnutrition and weight loss. Rigorous nutritional, pharmacological, and non-pharmacological interventions generally are required for these patients, which is a challenging issue for healthcare providers. A healthy diet and lifestyle instigated at an early age can reduce the risk of frailty and dementia. For optimal treatment, accurate diagnosis involving clinical evaluation, cognitive screening, essential laboratory evaluation, structural imaging, functional neuroimaging, and neuropsychological testing is necessary. Diagnosis procedures best apply the clinical diagnosis, identifying the cause(s) and the condition(s) appropriate for treatment. The patient's history, caregiver's interview, physical examination, cognitive evaluation, laboratory tests, and structural imaging should best be involved in the diagnostic process. Varying types of physical exercise can aid the treatment of these disorders. Nutrition maintenance is a particularly significant factor, such as exceptionally high-calorie dietary supplements and a Mediterranean diet to support weight gain. The core purpose of this article is to investigate trends in the management of dementia and frailty, focusing on improving diagnosis and treatment. Substantial evidence builds the consensus that a combination of balanced nutrition and good physical activity is an integral part of treatment. Notably, more evidence-based medicine knowledge is required.
Exploring the Recent Trends in Perturbing the Cellular Signaling Pathways in Cancer by Natural Products
(Daffodil International University, 22-09-08) Rahman, Md. Mominur; Sarker, Md. Taslim; Tumpa, Mst. Afroza Alam; Yamin, Md.; Islam, Tamanna; Park, Moon Nyeo; Islam, Md. Rezaul; Rauf, Abdur; Sharma, Rohit; Cavalu, Simona; Kim, Bonglee
Cancer is commonly thought to be the product of irregular cell division. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), cancer is the major cause of death globally. Nature offers an abundant supply of bioactive compounds with high therapeutic efficacy. Anticancer effects have been studied in a variety of phytochemicals found in nature. When Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved anticancer drugs are combined with natural compounds, the effectiveness improves. Several agents have already progressed to clinical trials based on these promising results of natural compounds against various cancer forms. Natural compounds prevent cancer cell proliferation, development, and metastasis by inducing cell cycle arrest, activating intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis pathways, generating reactive oxygen species (ROS), and down-regulating activated signaling pathways. These natural chemicals are known to affect numerous important cellular signaling pathways, such as NF-B, MAPK, Wnt, Notch, Akt, p53, AR, ER, and many others, to cause cell death signals and induce apoptosis in pre-cancerous or cancer cells without harming normal cells. As a result, non-toxic "natural drugs" taken from nature's bounty could be effective for the prevention of tumor progression and/or therapy of human malignancies, either alone or in combination with conventional treatments. Natural compounds have also been shown in preclinical studies to improve the sensitivity of resistant cancers to currently available chemotherapy agents. To summarize, preclinical and clinical findings against cancer indicate that natural-sourced compounds have promising anticancer efficacy. The vital purpose of these studies is to target cellular signaling pathways in cancer by natural compounds.
Exploring the Role of Nano medicines for the Therapeutic Approach of Central Nervous System Dysfunction
(Daffodil International University, 22-09-02) Rhaman, Md. Mominur; Islam, Md. Rezaul; Akash, Shopnil; Mim, Mobasharah; Alam, Md. Noor; Nepovimova, Eugenie; Valis, Martin; Kuca, Kamil; Sharma, Rohit
In recent decades, research scientists, molecular biologists, and pharmacologists have placed a strong emphasis on cutting-edge nanostructured materials technologies to increase medicine delivery to the central nervous system (CNS). The application of nanoscience for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), multiple sclerosis (MS), Huntington’s disease (HD), brain cancer, and hemorrhage has the potential to transform care. Multiple studies have indicated that nanomaterials can be used to successfully treat CNS disorders in the case of neurodegeneration. Nano medicine development for the cure of degenerative and inflammatory diseases of the nervous system is critical. Nanoparticles may act as a drug transporter that can precisely target sick brain sub-regions, boosting therapy success. It is important to develop strategies that can penetrate the blood–brain barrier (BBB) and improve the effectiveness of medications. One of the probable tactics is the use of different nanoscale materials. These nano-based pharmaceuticals offer low toxicity, tailored delivery, high stability, and drug loading capacity. They may also increase therapeutic effectiveness. A few examples of the many different kinds and forms of nanomaterials that have been widely employed to treat neurological diseases include quantum dots, dendrimers, metallic nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, liposomes, and micelles. These unique qualities, including sensitivity, selectivity, and ability to traverse the BBB when employed in nano-sized particles, make these nanoparticles useful for imaging studies and treatment of NDs. Multifunctional nanoparticles carrying pharmacological medications serve two purposes: they improve medication distribution while also enabling cell dynamics imaging and pharmacokinetic study. However, because of the potential for wide-ranging clinical implications, safety concerns persist, limiting any potential for translation. The evidence for using nanotechnology to create drug delivery systems that could pass across the BBB and deliver therapeutic chemicals to CNS was examined in this study.