Browsing by Author "Islam, M.I."

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A Lightweight CNN-SVM Explainable AI Approach for Classification and Visualization of Grape Leaf Disease
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2024-04-25) Peyal, H.I.; Leion, Z.M.; Abdal, M.N.,; Islam, M.I.; Miraz, S.; Remon, M.R.; Kontho, M.M.R.; Tasnim, N.
Grape is highly esteemed as a significant agricultural crop in Bangladesh. Plant diseases primarily result from the presence of pathogens and pest insects, leading to a significant decline in productivity if not properly addressed. The fundamental aim of this research is to employ a streamlined CNN-SVM architecture, utilizing deep learning techniques, to accurately categorize grape leaves into three distinct disease classes and one healthy class. The proposed model surpasses the accuracy of the previously trained transfer learning models VGG-16 and VGG-19 while having approximately 257× to 267× times fewer parameters (0.537 M). On average, the proposed model achieves a classification accuracy of 99.18%, which is significantly higher than the 93.42% and 91.94% achieved by the transfer learning models, respectively. With a precision, recall, and F1 score close to 99%, the suggested model provides excellent results. The model's outstanding performance is further validated by its remarkable Area Under Curve (AUC) score of 99.98%. In addition to using less disc space (about 6 MB), the suggested model because of being lightweight shows a significant decrease in parameters. To visually display the disease identified by the proposed model, a transparent AI methodology has been utilized, specifically the Gradient Weighted Class Activation Mapping (Grad-CAM) technique. To better understand which area was responsible for the classification, a heatmap has been created.
An Interpretable Framework for Predicting Type 2 Diabetes using ML and Explainable AI
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2023-12-13) Ahmed, K.F.; Uz Zaman, M.S.; Hossain, A.; Rahman Ratul, M.T.; Abdal, M.N.; Islam, M.I.
Diabetes Mellitus is an incurable disease and stands as a major universe cause of destruction. With the universal prevalence of diabetes increasing rapidly, accurate detection and identification of the disease have become crucial. In this paper, we present an explainable AI-based diabetes indicative methodology that is carefully constructed, effective, and, most importantly, interpretable. Using two real-world diabetes datasets, the three most well-known machine learning classifiers in the literature - Random Forest (RF), Decision Tree (DT), and XGBoost - were subjected with quantitative assessments. After training and assessment of all classification models, the suggested method achieved the best results in the XGBoost classifier for the Sylhet dataset with 99.4% accuracy and the Pima Indian dataset with 92.59% accuracy. The datasets were normalized across observations to provide standardized values for improved analytical applicability and comparability. Explainable AI has been implemented for the XGBoost machine learning model by generating both global and local explanations using Shapley additive explanations (SHAP) and Local interpretable model-agnostic explanations (LIME). The elements that contribute to diabetes are explained and shown in graphs to help medical professionals make decisions about clinical diagnosis and treatment options.