Browsing by Author "Hossain, Md Iqbal"

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Analysis of Bangla-2-Braille machine translator
(IEEE Xplore, 2015-04-02) Hossain, Syed Akhter; Biswas, Lora Annanya; Hossain, Md Iqbal
Bangla-2-Braille machine translator is implemented using rule based Discrete Finite Automata (DFA) [1]. Rule based DFA directs the necessity of generating regular expression from the DFA in order to validate the language model used for Braille conversion and extend the translator for better usability by the visually impaired people. In this work, we conducted experiments using structured and state elimination method to generate, and validate regular expressions from the DFA designed for Bangla-2-Braille machine translator. The generated expressions were tested for Braille language rules and the results were satisfactory. Full Text Link: http://doi.org/10.1109/ICCITechn.2014.7073082
Community-based management of acute malnutrition in Bangladesh: feasibility and constraints
(© 2014 United Nations University Press, 2014) Choudhury, Nuzhat; Ahmed, Tahmeed; Hossain, Md Iqbal; Mandal, Barendra Nath; Mothabbir, Golam; Rahman, Mustafizur; Islam, M Munirul; Husain, Mohammad Mushtuq; Nargis, Makhduma; Rahman, Ekhlasur
Background. To achieve the United Nations Millennium Development Goals, particularly reduction in child mortality (Millennium Development Goal 4), effective interventions to address severe and moderate acute malnutrition (SAM and MAM) among children under 5 years of age must be implemented and brought to scale alongside preventive measures. Bangladesh has an estimated 600,000 children with SAM, for a prevalence of 4%, while 1.8 million children suffer from MAM. Objective. To assess the feasibility and constraints of community-based management of acute malnutrition (CMAM), a relatively new approach, in managing SAM and MAM among children in Bangladesh. Methods. The methodology involved desk reviews of documents by searching through PubMed and other databases for published literature on CMAM in Bangladesh. We also did a hand search of policy and program documents, including the draft National Nutrition Policy 2013; the Health, Nutrition, Population Sector Development Program document of the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of Bangladesh; the Sixth Five Year Plan; and the Operational Plans of the National Nutrition Services of Bangladesh. Results. The conventional approach in Bangladesh has been to treat children suffering from SAM and associated complications in hospital settings. There is no program to take care of children with MAM. There is a dearth of local evidence to operationalize and implement CMAM in the context of Bangladesh. This paper summarizes the scientific literature and rationale for the implementation of CMAM in Bangladesh. It also provides recommendations to improve health strategies related to CMAM, discusses diets being developed that may result in better implementation of CMAM, and offers recommendations for areas of additional necessary research. Conclusions. A recommended approach for Bangladesh on the management of acute malnutrition would be to integrate CMAM into the rollout of the National Nutrition Services so that screening, identification, referral, and treatment of acutely malnourished children could be effectively managed within the community-based health service delivery system. Given that the vast majority of children are suffering from MAM and could be treated with locally developed food supplements, a significant emphasis of the CMAM approach in Bangladesh should be to screen and treat MAM. Over time, this would also result in fewer SAM cases. However, even with this approach, there would still be a small number of children who have SAM and who ideally should be treated with specialized therapeutic foods. While the Government of Bangladesh is awaiting full-scale production of a local ready-to-use therapeutic food (RUTF), an interim strategy is needed to effectively treat these severely wasted children on an outpatient basis.
Community-based management of acute malnutrition in Bangladesh: feasibility and constraints
(© 2014 United Nations University Press, 2014) Choudhury, Nuzhat; Ahmed, Tahmeed; Hossain, Md Iqbal; Mandal, Barendra Nath; Mothabbir, Golam; Rahman, Mustafizur; Islam, M Munirul; Husain, Mohammad Mushtuq; Nargis, Makhduma; Rahman, Ekhlasur
Background. To achieve the United Nations Millennium Development Goals, particularly reduction in child mortality (Millennium Development Goal 4), effective interventions to address severe and moderate acute malnutrition (SAM and MAM) among children under 5 years of age must be implemented and brought to scale alongside preventive measures. Bangladesh has an estimated 600,000 children with SAM, for a prevalence of 4%, while 1.8 million children suffer from MAM. Objective. To assess the feasibility and constraints of community-based management of acute malnutrition (CMAM), a relatively new approach, in managing SAM and MAM among children in Bangladesh. Methods. The methodology involved desk reviews of documents by searching through PubMed and other databases for published literature on CMAM in Bangladesh. We also did a hand search of policy and program documents, including the draft National Nutrition Policy 2013; the Health, Nutrition, Population Sector Development Program document of the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of Bangladesh; the Sixth Five Year Plan; and the Operational Plans of the National Nutrition Services of Bangladesh. Results. The conventional approach in Bangladesh has been to treat children suffering from SAM and associated complications in hospital settings. There is no program to take care of children with MAM. There is a dearth of local evidence to operationalize and implement CMAM in the context of Bangladesh. This paper summarizes the scientific literature and rationale for the implementation of CMAM in Bangladesh. It also provides recommendations to improve health strategies related to CMAM, discusses diets being developed that may result in better implementation of CMAM, and offers recommendations for areas of additional necessary research. Conclusions. A recommended approach for Bangladesh on the management of acute malnutrition would be to integrate CMAM into the rollout of the National Nutrition Services so that screening, identification, referral, and treatment of acutely malnourished children could be effectively managed within the community-based health service delivery system. Given that the vast majority of children are suffering from MAM and could be treated with locally developed food supplements, a significant emphasis of the CMAM approach in Bangladesh should be to screen and treat MAM. Over time, this would also result in fewer SAM cases. However, even with this approach, there would still be a small number of children who have SAM and who ideally should be treated with specialized therapeutic foods. While the Government of Bangladesh is awaiting full-scale production of a local ready-to-use therapeutic food (RUTF), an interim strategy is needed to effectively treat these severely wasted children on an outpatient basis.
Community-based management of acute malnutrition in Bangladesh: feasibility and constraints
(© 2014 United Nations University Press, 2014) Choudhury, Nuzhat; Ahmed, Tahmeed; Hossain, Md Iqbal; Mandal, Barendra Nath; Mothabbir, Golam; Rahman, Mustafizur; Islam, M Munirul; Husain, Mohammad Mushtuq; Nargis, Makhduma; Rahman, Ekhlasur
Background. To achieve the United Nations Millennium Development Goals, particularly reduction in child mortality (Millennium Development Goal 4), effective interventions to address severe and moderate acute malnutrition (SAM and MAM) among children under 5 years of age must be implemented and brought to scale alongside preventive measures. Bangladesh has an estimated 600,000 children with SAM, for a prevalence of 4%, while 1.8 million children suffer from MAM. Objective. To assess the feasibility and constraints of community-based management of acute malnutrition (CMAM), a relatively new approach, in managing SAM and MAM among children in Bangladesh. Methods. The methodology involved desk reviews of documents by searching through PubMed and other databases for published literature on CMAM in Bangladesh. We also did a hand search of policy and program documents, including the draft National Nutrition Policy 2013; the Health, Nutrition, Population Sector Development Program document of the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of Bangladesh; the Sixth Five Year Plan; and the Operational Plans of the National Nutrition Services of Bangladesh. Results. The conventional approach in Bangladesh has been to treat children suffering from SAM and associated complications in hospital settings. There is no program to take care of children with MAM. There is a dearth of local evidence to operationalize and implement CMAM in the context of Bangladesh. This paper summarizes the scientific literature and rationale for the implementation of CMAM in Bangladesh. It also provides recommendations to improve health strategies related to CMAM, discusses diets being developed that may result in better implementation of CMAM, and offers recommendations for areas of additional necessary research. Conclusions. A recommended approach for Bangladesh on the management of acute malnutrition would be to integrate CMAM into the rollout of the National Nutrition Services so that screening, identification, referral, and treatment of acutely malnourished children could be effectively managed within the community-based health service delivery system. Given that the vast majority of children are suffering from MAM and could be treated with locally developed food supplements, a significant emphasis of the CMAM approach in Bangladesh should be to screen and treat MAM. Over time, this would also result in fewer SAM cases. However, even with this approach, there would still be a small number of children who have SAM and who ideally should be treated with specialized therapeutic foods. While the Government of Bangladesh is awaiting full-scale production of a local ready-to-use therapeutic food (RUTF), an interim strategy is needed to effectively treat these severely wasted children on an outpatient basis.
Community-based management of acute malnutrition in Bangladesh: feasibility and constraints
(© 2014 United Nations University Press, 2014) Choudhury, Nuzhat; Ahmed, Tahmeed; Hossain, Md Iqbal; Mandal, Barendra Nath; Mothabbir, Golam; Rahman, Mustafizur; Islam, M Munirul; Husain, Mohammad Mushtuq; Nargis, Makhduma; Rahman, Ekhlasur
Background. To achieve the United Nations Millennium Development Goals, particularly reduction in child mortality (Millennium Development Goal 4), effective interventions to address severe and moderate acute malnutrition (SAM and MAM) among children under 5 years of age must be implemented and brought to scale alongside preventive measures. Bangladesh has an estimated 600,000 children with SAM, for a prevalence of 4%, while 1.8 million children suffer from MAM. Objective. To assess the feasibility and constraints of community-based management of acute malnutrition (CMAM), a relatively new approach, in managing SAM and MAM among children in Bangladesh. Methods. The methodology involved desk reviews of documents by searching through PubMed and other databases for published literature on CMAM in Bangladesh. We also did a hand search of policy and program documents, including the draft National Nutrition Policy 2013; the Health, Nutrition, Population Sector Development Program document of the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of Bangladesh; the Sixth Five Year Plan; and the Operational Plans of the National Nutrition Services of Bangladesh. Results. The conventional approach in Bangladesh has been to treat children suffering from SAM and associated complications in hospital settings. There is no program to take care of children with MAM. There is a dearth of local evidence to operationalize and implement CMAM in the context of Bangladesh. This paper summarizes the scientific literature and rationale for the implementation of CMAM in Bangladesh. It also provides recommendations to improve health strategies related to CMAM, discusses diets being developed that may result in better implementation of CMAM, and offers recommendations for areas of additional necessary research. Conclusions. A recommended approach for Bangladesh on the management of acute malnutrition would be to integrate CMAM into the rollout of the National Nutrition Services so that screening, identification, referral, and treatment of acutely malnourished children could be effectively managed within the community-based health service delivery system. Given that the vast majority of children are suffering from MAM and could be treated with locally developed food supplements, a significant emphasis of the CMAM approach in Bangladesh should be to screen and treat MAM. Over time, this would also result in fewer SAM cases. However, even with this approach, there would still be a small number of children who have SAM and who ideally should be treated with specialized therapeutic foods. While the Government of Bangladesh is awaiting full-scale production of a local ready-to-use therapeutic food (RUTF), an interim strategy is needed to effectively treat these severely wasted children on an outpatient basis.
Effectiveness of community-based follow up and food supplementation in the home-management of young severely malnourished Bangladeshi children: a randomized intervention trial
(Dhaka: International Centre for Diarrhoeal Diseases Research, Bangladesh; 2003, 2003) Hossain, Md Iqbal
Implementation of Boarding Information System
(Daffodil International University, 2021-06-01) Hossain, Md Iqbal; Ashraf, Md. Ashraful Islam; Miah, Rajeb
This improvement-based project report gives the specific significant places of online control and correspondence among power and understudy. I made this by utilizing the laravel system, including HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and JQuery. Bangladesh has been unable to establish itself as a tourist destination due to certain limitations. The paper attempts to concentrate on Bangladesh's attractive tourist destinations and tourism's contribution to the country's economy. After a long journey, we sometimes say that it is tough for people to stand a line to fill the Police/Army form. But by this system, people will get things very quickly. Any communication community is possible between police and tourist. Among them, a tourist can register the police form by staying at home. Can fill the state without an appearance in front of tourist police with the help of us. People will get the advantage of it. People will get the attraction to visit the country with a sound and safe. Even the criminal will be aware of the upcoming dangerous situation of the system. Criminal will got afraid. Besides that, the drug dealer and the trafficking person will be fearful of it. People will not appear before the police or army in the tourist place. After a long journey, we sometimes say that it is tough for people to stand a line to fill the Police/Army form. But by this system, people will get things very quickly. By wellmanaged, the tourism industry can be the largest source of the foreign trade balance. So, it is essential to make a tourist-friendly zone for the people. That is the primary motivation of our project.
Nutrition of children and women in Bangladesh: trends and directions for the future
(© 2012 Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition, 2012) Ahmed, Tahmeed; Mahfuz, Mustafa; Ireen, Santhia; Ahmed, A. M. Shamsir; Rahman, Sabuktagin; Islam, M Munirul; Alam, Nurul; Hossain, Md Iqbal; Rahman, S M Mustafizur; Ali, M Mohsin; Choudhury, Fatima Perveen; Cravioto, Alejandro
Although child and maternal malnutrition has been reduced in Bangladesh, the prevalence of underweight (weight-for-age z-score <-2) among children aged less than five years is still high (41%). Nearly one-third of women are undernourished with body mass index of <18.5 kg/m2. The prevalence of anaemia among young infants, adolescent girls, and pregnant women is still at unacceptable levels. Despite the successes in specific programmes, such as the Expanded Programme on Immunization and vitamin A supplementation, programmes for nutrition interventions are yet to be implemented at scale for reaching the entire population. Given the low annual rate of reduction in child undernutrition of 1.27 percentage points per year, it is unlikely that Bangladesh would be able to achieve the United Nations' Millennium Development Goal to address undernutrition. This warrants that the policy-makers and programme managers think urgently about the ways to accelerate the progress. The Government, development partners, non-government organizations, and the academia have to work in concert to improve the coverage of basic and effective nutrition interventions, including exclusive breastfeeding, appropriate complementary feeding, supplementation of micronutrients to children, adolescent girls, pregnant and lactating women, management of severe acute malnutrition and deworming, and hygiene interventions, coupled with those that address more structural causes and indirectly improve nutrition. The entire health system needs to be revitalized to overcome the constraints that exist at the levels of policy, governance, and service-delivery, and also for the creation of demand for the services at the household level. In addition, management of nutrition in the aftermath of natural disasters and stabilization of prices of foods should also be prioritized.
Nutrition of children and women in Bangladesh: trends and directions for the future
(© 2012 Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition, 2012) Ahmed, Tahmeed; Mahfuz, Mustafa; Ireen, Santhia; Ahmed, A. M. Shamsir; Rahman, Sabuktagin; Islam, M Munirul; Alam, Nurul; Hossain, Md Iqbal; Rahman, S M Mustafizur; Ali, M Mohsin; Choudhury, Fatima Perveen; Cravioto, Alejandro
Although child and maternal malnutrition has been reduced in Bangladesh, the prevalence of underweight (weight-for-age z-score <-2) among children aged less than five years is still high (41%). Nearly one-third of women are undernourished with body mass index of <18.5 kg/m2. The prevalence of anaemia among young infants, adolescent girls, and pregnant women is still at unacceptable levels. Despite the successes in specific programmes, such as the Expanded Programme on Immunization and vitamin A supplementation, programmes for nutrition interventions are yet to be implemented at scale for reaching the entire population. Given the low annual rate of reduction in child undernutrition of 1.27 percentage points per year, it is unlikely that Bangladesh would be able to achieve the United Nations' Millennium Development Goal to address undernutrition. This warrants that the policy-makers and programme managers think urgently about the ways to accelerate the progress. The Government, development partners, non-government organizations, and the academia have to work in concert to improve the coverage of basic and effective nutrition interventions, including exclusive breastfeeding, appropriate complementary feeding, supplementation of micronutrients to children, adolescent girls, pregnant and lactating women, management of severe acute malnutrition and deworming, and hygiene interventions, coupled with those that address more structural causes and indirectly improve nutrition. The entire health system needs to be revitalized to overcome the constraints that exist at the levels of policy, governance, and service-delivery, and also for the creation of demand for the services at the household level. In addition, management of nutrition in the aftermath of natural disasters and stabilization of prices of foods should also be prioritized.
Nutrition of children and women in Bangladesh: trends and directions for the future
(© 2012 Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition, 2012) Ahmed, Tahmeed; Mahfuz, Mustafa; Ireen, Santhia; Ahmed, A. M. Shamsir; Rahman, Sabuktagin; Islam, M Munirul; Alam, Nurul; Hossain, Md Iqbal; Rahman, S M Mustafizur; Ali, M Mohsin; Choudhury, Fatima Perveen; Cravioto, Alejandro
Although child and maternal malnutrition has been reduced in Bangladesh, the prevalence of underweight (weight-for-age z-score <-2) among children aged less than five years is still high (41%). Nearly one-third of women are undernourished with body mass index of <18.5 kg/m2. The prevalence of anaemia among young infants, adolescent girls, and pregnant women is still at unacceptable levels. Despite the successes in specific programmes, such as the Expanded Programme on Immunization and vitamin A supplementation, programmes for nutrition interventions are yet to be implemented at scale for reaching the entire population. Given the low annual rate of reduction in child undernutrition of 1.27 percentage points per year, it is unlikely that Bangladesh would be able to achieve the United Nations' Millennium Development Goal to address undernutrition. This warrants that the policy-makers and programme managers think urgently about the ways to accelerate the progress. The Government, development partners, non-government organizations, and the academia have to work in concert to improve the coverage of basic and effective nutrition interventions, including exclusive breastfeeding, appropriate complementary feeding, supplementation of micronutrients to children, adolescent girls, pregnant and lactating women, management of severe acute malnutrition and deworming, and hygiene interventions, coupled with those that address more structural causes and indirectly improve nutrition. The entire health system needs to be revitalized to overcome the constraints that exist at the levels of policy, governance, and service-delivery, and also for the creation of demand for the services at the household level. In addition, management of nutrition in the aftermath of natural disasters and stabilization of prices of foods should also be prioritized.
Undernutrition, vitamin A and iron deficiency are associated with impaired intestinal mucosal permeability in young Bangladeshi children assessed by lactulose/mannitol test
(© 2017 Public Library of Science, 2016-12) Hossain, Md Iqbal; Haque, Rashidul; Mondal, Dinesh; Mahfuz, Mustafa; Ahmed, Am Shamsir; Islam, Mohammad Munirul; Guerrant, Richard Littleton; Petri, William Arthur; Ahmed, Tahmeed J.
Background: Lactulose/mannitol (L:M) test has been used as a non-invasive marker of intestinal mucosal-integrity and -permeability (enteropathy). We investigated the association of enteropathy with anthropometrics, micronutrient-status, and morbidity in children. Methods: The urine and blood samples were collected from 925 children aged 6±24 months residing in Mirpur slum of Dhaka, Bangladesh during November 2009 to April 2013. L:M test and micronutrient status were assessed in the laboratory of International Centre for Diarrhoeal Diseases Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b) following standard procedure. Results: Mean±SD age of the children was 13.2±5.2 months and 47.8% were female. Urinary-lactulose recovery was 0.264±0.236, mannitol recovery was 3.423±3.952, and L:M was 0.109 ±0.158. An overall negative correlation (Spearman's-rho) of L:M was found with age (rs = -0.087; p = 0.004), weight-for-age (rs = -0.077; p = 0.010), weight-for-length (rs = -0.060; p = 0.034), mid-upper-arm-circumference (rs = -0.098; p = 0.001) and plasma-retinol (rs = -0.105; p = 0.002); and a positive correlation with plasma α-1-acid glycoprotein (rs = 0.066; p = 0.027). However, most of the correlations were not very strong. Approximately 44% of children had enteropathy as reflected by L:M of ≥0.09. Logistic regression analysis revealed that younger age (infancy) (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.35; p = 0.027), diarrhea (AOR = 4.00; p = 0.039) or fever (AOR = 2.18; p = 0.003) within previous three days of L:M test were the risk factors of enteropathy (L:M of ≥0.09). Conclusions: Enteropathy (high L:M) is associated with younger age, undernutrition, low vitamin A and iron status, and infection particularly diarrhea and fever.
Undernutrition, vitamin A and iron deficiency are associated with impaired intestinal mucosal permeability in young Bangladeshi children assessed by lactulose/mannitol test
(© 2017 Public Library of Science, 2016-12) Hossain, Md Iqbal; Haque, Rashidul; Mondal, Dinesh; Mahfuz, Mustafa; Ahmed, Am Shamsir; Islam, Mohammad Munirul; Guerrant, Richard Littleton; Petri, William Arthur; Ahmed, Tahmeed J.
Background: Lactulose/mannitol (L:M) test has been used as a non-invasive marker of intestinal mucosal-integrity and -permeability (enteropathy). We investigated the association of enteropathy with anthropometrics, micronutrient-status, and morbidity in children. Methods: The urine and blood samples were collected from 925 children aged 6±24 months residing in Mirpur slum of Dhaka, Bangladesh during November 2009 to April 2013. L:M test and micronutrient status were assessed in the laboratory of International Centre for Diarrhoeal Diseases Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b) following standard procedure. Results: Mean±SD age of the children was 13.2±5.2 months and 47.8% were female. Urinary-lactulose recovery was 0.264±0.236, mannitol recovery was 3.423±3.952, and L:M was 0.109 ±0.158. An overall negative correlation (Spearman's-rho) of L:M was found with age (rs = -0.087; p = 0.004), weight-for-age (rs = -0.077; p = 0.010), weight-for-length (rs = -0.060; p = 0.034), mid-upper-arm-circumference (rs = -0.098; p = 0.001) and plasma-retinol (rs = -0.105; p = 0.002); and a positive correlation with plasma α-1-acid glycoprotein (rs = 0.066; p = 0.027). However, most of the correlations were not very strong. Approximately 44% of children had enteropathy as reflected by L:M of ≥0.09. Logistic regression analysis revealed that younger age (infancy) (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.35; p = 0.027), diarrhea (AOR = 4.00; p = 0.039) or fever (AOR = 2.18; p = 0.003) within previous three days of L:M test were the risk factors of enteropathy (L:M of ≥0.09). Conclusions: Enteropathy (high L:M) is associated with younger age, undernutrition, low vitamin A and iron status, and infection particularly diarrhea and fever.
Undernutrition, vitamin A and iron deficiency are associated with impaired intestinal mucosal permeability in young Bangladeshi children assessed by lactulose/mannitol test
(© 2017 Public Library of Science, 2016-12) Hossain, Md Iqbal; Haque, Rashidul; Mondal, Dinesh; Mahfuz, Mustafa; Ahmed, Am Shamsir; Islam, Mohammad Munirul; Guerrant, Richard Littleton; Petri, William Arthur; Ahmed, Tahmeed J.
Background: Lactulose/mannitol (L:M) test has been used as a non-invasive marker of intestinal mucosal-integrity and -permeability (enteropathy). We investigated the association of enteropathy with anthropometrics, micronutrient-status, and morbidity in children. Methods: The urine and blood samples were collected from 925 children aged 6±24 months residing in Mirpur slum of Dhaka, Bangladesh during November 2009 to April 2013. L:M test and micronutrient status were assessed in the laboratory of International Centre for Diarrhoeal Diseases Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b) following standard procedure. Results: Mean±SD age of the children was 13.2±5.2 months and 47.8% were female. Urinary-lactulose recovery was 0.264±0.236, mannitol recovery was 3.423±3.952, and L:M was 0.109 ±0.158. An overall negative correlation (Spearman's-rho) of L:M was found with age (rs = -0.087; p = 0.004), weight-for-age (rs = -0.077; p = 0.010), weight-for-length (rs = -0.060; p = 0.034), mid-upper-arm-circumference (rs = -0.098; p = 0.001) and plasma-retinol (rs = -0.105; p = 0.002); and a positive correlation with plasma α-1-acid glycoprotein (rs = 0.066; p = 0.027). However, most of the correlations were not very strong. Approximately 44% of children had enteropathy as reflected by L:M of ≥0.09. Logistic regression analysis revealed that younger age (infancy) (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.35; p = 0.027), diarrhea (AOR = 4.00; p = 0.039) or fever (AOR = 2.18; p = 0.003) within previous three days of L:M test were the risk factors of enteropathy (L:M of ≥0.09). Conclusions: Enteropathy (high L:M) is associated with younger age, undernutrition, low vitamin A and iron status, and infection particularly diarrhea and fever.