Browsing by Author "Gani, Md. Showkat"

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Assessment of the skill training programme for employment of retrenched female garment workers
(BRAC Research and Evaluation Division (RED), 2003-03) Gani, Md. Showkat
This study assessed the effectiveness of skill training programme of BRAC for re-employment of retrenched female garment workers (RFGW). Data were collected through in-depth interviews with 20 purposively selected RFGWs and the review of project records. Findings revealed that almost all women found the overall skill training programme very good and effective. The skill training would be more useful if preference is given to the RFGWs for choosing the training type, and the curriculum of the training could be similar. The duration of the 12 days training may be expanded by a few days and the small business trading module may need to be redesigned or cut down from the training programme. BRAC could play a significant role in marketing the goods produced by the RFGWs. Microcredit services were useful for the trained workers who were self-employed in any kind of economic activity. This study concludes that the skill training programme can be suitably linked with BRAC development activities in raising the employment opportunities for the RFGWs.
Compensating the affected persons of Mohakhali Flyover in Dhaka
(BRAC Research and Evaluation Division (RED), 2002-09) Gani, Md. Showkat; Sattar, M. Ghulam
Drinking no more arsenic: Switching water source through intensive awareness programme in rural Bangladesh
(BRAC Research and Evaluation Division (RED), 2002-12) Hossain, Zabed; Gani, Md. Showkat; Jakariya, Md.; Chowdhury, AMR
The study assessed the effects of intensive awareness raising activities implemented from June 1999 to December 2001 among the arsenic exposed people to motivate towards safe water use. A total of 839 families those who used to drink arsenic contaminated water prior to intervention was selected randomly for the survey. Data revealed that 47.6% of the people switched from unsafe to safe water sources. Awareness on alternative safe water options played great role in motivating people towards safe water use. Rate of switching over was almost three times higher among the people those who were aware of alternative water options than those who were not. People with better education, high occupation and socio economic status showed the maximum rate of switching over towards safe water sources. People having the capacity to buy water options were seven times in number in changing their water source compared to those who have no capacity to buy. Integrated approach should be taken immediately to increase awareness on alternative water options, socio-economic status to increase their capacity to purchase water options.
Evaluation of advocacy for reproductive health education and services for garment factory workers
(BRAC Research and Evaluation Division (RED), 2003-02) Hadi, Abdullahel; Matin, Ehsanul; Gani, Md. Showkat; Mahbub, Amina
Evaluation of advocacy project of UNFPA through the IEM unit of family planning directorate
(BRAC Research and Evaluation Division (RED), 2003-02) Hadi, Abdullahel; Matin, Ehsanul; Gani, Md. Showkat; Mahbub, Amina
Evaluation of advocacy project of UNFPA through the Ministry of Religious Affairs
(BRAC Research and Evaluation Division (RED), 2003-02) Hadi, Abdullahel; Matin, Ehsanul; Gani, Md. Showkat; Mahbub, Amina
Evaluation of advocacy project of UNFPA through the Training Institutes of Ministry of Home Affairs
(BRAC Research and Evaluation Division (RED), 2003-02) Hadi, Abdullahel; Matin, Ehsanul; Gani, Md. Showkat; Mahbub, Amina
Evaluation of advocacy projects of UNFPA's Fifth Country Programme: summary report
(BRAC Research and Evaluation Division (RED), 2003-02) Hadi, Abdullahel; Matin, Ehsan; Gani, Md. Showkat; Mahbub, Amina
Gender and good governance issues in local government of Bangladesh: a baseline report
(BRAC Research and Evaluation Division (RED), 2003-12) Gani, Md. Showkat; Sattar, M. Ghulam
The study mainly describes the pre-intervention situation of women leadership capacity in local government system of Bangladesh. Data came from the 16 upazilas (sub-district) of 4 districts in Khulna division, where the Gender and Good Governance Programme was in operation. A total of 434 women union parishad (UP) members were interviewed in February-March 2003. Findings reveal that the typical women UP member is someone who is around 35 years old, has secondary or ssc level education, mainly working as homemakers. Thus, the typical elected women UP member do not have much history of formal involvement in activities pertaining to the public domain. Subsequently, it is thus not surprising that they had weak participation in many public activities, such as, infrastructural development, relief and rehabilitation activities, women and child development, communication and linkage with others. On the other hand, they were very active in setting up hygienic toilet, plantation, arsenic awareness creation, attendance of the social justice, and finally the relationship with elites. However, the weakest involvement of women UP members has been in formal committees through which resources are allocated and decisions are made. The observed significant positive association of involvement in developmental activities of women UP members with their age and economic condition indicates that there may have been inadequate opportunity for young women from poorer background to participate and influence developmental work.
Impact of BRAC reproductive health and disease control programme on different health services utilisation
(BRAC Research and Evaluation Division (RED), 2001-12) Karim, Fazlul; Tripura, Abhilash; Gani, Md. Showkat
This study assessed the impact of BRAC's RHDC programme on different health services utilisation compared to the baseline status as well as the comparison area. In the baseline study (199:.?.) fertility and mortality data were collected from 12,073 households (programme 8,072 and comparison 4,001) representing a total of 261 villages (programme 184 and comparison 77). But, in the follow-up study clone in 2000, 103 villages (programme 80 and comparison 23) were revisited. Using the cluster survey method, data were collected from 8,033 households (programme 4,003 and comparison 4,030) in the follow-up study. The programme villages were drawn from Bogra and Dinajpur districts whilst the comparison villages from Jaipurhat district. It is to be noted that for measuring the level of different health service use data were collected from toe;~ and 25% of the total households covered for mortality and fertility estimate during the baseline and the follow-up studies respectively, because measurement of other service utilisation required lesser number of sample than the mortality and fertility estimates. However, the following sections present the key findings of the study.
Impact of BRAC reproductive health and disease control programme on practice of personal hygiene
(BRAC Research and Evaluation Division (RED), 2001-12) Karim, Fazlul; Tripura, Abhilash; Gani, Md. Showkat
The campaign on safe water, sanitation and hygiene practices has been an important priority in BRAC's health interventions including RHDC. The RHDC hygiene education is concerned with establishing or inducing changes in personal and group attitudes and behaviour that promote healthy living. Given the situation, one may ask about the achievements of RHDC in improving the sanitation and hygiene practice. Thus, this study evaluated the impact of BRAC's RHDC programme on different issues of personal hygiene compared to baseline status as well as the comparison area. In the baseline study (1992) fertility and morality data were collected from 12,073 households (programme 8,072 and comparison 4,001) representing a total of 261 villages (programme 184 and comparison 77). But, in the follow-up study done in 2000, 103 vi II ages (programme 80 and comparison 23) were revisited. Using the cluster survey method, data were collected from 8,033 households (programme 4,003 and comparison 4,030). The programme vilbges were drawn from Bogra and Dinajpur districts whilst the comparison villages from Jaipurhat district. It is to be noted that for measuring the level of different health service use and hygienic practices, data were collected from IQI'';(. and 25% on the total households covered for mortality and estimate during the baseline and the follow-up studies respective! y, because measurement of these issues required lesser number of sample than the mortality and fertility estimates. However, the following sections present the key findings of the study.
Indirect technique for estimating life expectancy from limited data set of BRAC female members
(BRAC Research and Evaluation Division (RED), 2003-12) Gani, Md. Showkat; Chowdhury, AMR
This paper aims to construct the complete life table (L T) from limited data set of the female members of BRAC village organizations (VO) using the INDEPTH (International Network for the continuous Demographic Evaluation of Population and Their Health in developing countries) model life tables (MLT), and to justify the validity of the estimated results. The ML T technique was used to estimate the life expectancy of BRAC VO members because the data were available for women ranging from 18 - 55 years only. As a service to VO members, BRAC provides them insurance coverage against death. Secondary data set of BRAC female VO members was collected from the MIS of BRAC area level offices (sub-district level) and the insurance claims formed the main sources of data for this study. With a sample size of 186,379 women including 391 dead, the sampling design used was as follows: 12 of 45 BRAC district-level regions were randomly selected and 32 areas were again randomly selected from the selected regions. Using the INDEPTH ML T, a complete life table of BRAC female members was generated. The pattern of life expectancy curve of BRAC female VO members is similar to both the Matlab (a sub-district) and the national female population of Bangladesh. The closeness of life expectancy curves indicates that the technique used provided valid estimates. The life expectancy at birth of BRAC female members was estimated at 64 years in 1998, which was higher compared to national female population (61 years). The higher life expectancy among BRAC VO female members indicates that BRAC development interventions can be a catalytic agent in increasing the life expectancy among poor women in rural Bangladesh. Therefore, this demographic technique could be used for the indirect estimation of life table in developing countries of Asia and Africa.
Mortality and fertility: impact evaluation of BRAC reproductive health and disease control programme
(BRAC Research and Evaluation Division (RED), 2001-06) Karim, Fazlul; Gani, Md. Showkat; Tripura, Abhilash
This study assessed the impact of BRAC's RHDC programme on fertility and mortality compared to the baseline status as well as the comparison area. Subsequently, a number of variables such as total fertility rate (TFR), age-specific fertility rates (ASFR), crude birth rate (CBR), crude death rate (CDR), infant mortality rate (IMR), child mortality rate (CMR), under-five mortality rate (USMR) and age-specific death rates (ASDR) were chosen for analysis. These variables are measurable and widely accepted to reveal the impact of any reproductive health programme. Moreover, we have baseline data on these variables for comparison. In the baseline study (1992) fertility and mortality data were collected from 12,073 households (programme 8,072 and comparison 4,001) representing a total of 261 villages (programme 184 and comparison 77). But, in the follow-up study done in 2000, 103 villages (programme 80 and comparison 23) were revisited. Using the cluster survey method, data were collected from 8,033 households (programme 4,003 and comparison 4,030) in the follow-up study. Each married woman was asked to provide information on the number of children she had given birth during the 12 months recall period. Information on all the live births were collected, such as name, sex, date and place of birth, age, father's name and occupation, and birth order of the child. Similarly, data on death that occurred during the last 12 months along with name, sex, month and year of death, age at death, marital status and causes of death, were also collected. The study found that the reduction of TFR from the baseline to the follow-up study was sharper in the programme area than in the comparison (21% versus 13%). The present TFR for both the areas was identical (programme 2.7 and comparison 2.6/1,000 women). It is to be noted that the benchmark TFR was higher in the programme area than in the comparison area (3.4 versus 3.0).
Poverty status and differential access to health services in RDHC area
(BRAC Research and Evaluation Division (RED), 2001-12) Karim, Fazlul; Tripura, Abhilash; Gani, Md. Showkat
Socio-economic baseline survey of open water fisheries under Fourth Fisheries Project
(BRAC Research and Evaluation Division (RED), 2002-02) Banu, Dilruba; Gani, Md. Showkat; Rafi, Mohammad; Sattar, M. Ghulam
Socioeconomic and regional disparity in the utilization of reproductive health services in Bangladesh
(BRAC Research and Evaluation Division (RED), 2002) Hadi, Abdullahel; Gani, Md. Showkat
Although the health care system has significantly expanded in Bangladesh during the last two decades, the health status of the population has remained very poor because .of the uneven distribution of health services. Inequality in health exists in many forms and multiple dimensions such as age, gender, economic, ethnicity, class, etc. Using data from a nationally re'presentative sample, this study attempts to improve our understanding about the socioeconomic and regional disparity in the utilization of reproductive health services in Bangladesh. Data for this study came from the demographic and health surveillance system of BRAe which provided the updated information of the ownership of household asset. Socioeconomic disparity was measured by constructing a wealth index using compound assets and possessions of a set of household assets based on which the households were classified into wealth quintiles. The surveillance areas were categorized into four regions as urban, rural under-served, other rural and the hill tracts. The utilization of reproductive health services was measured by the access to ante and postnatal care, maternal immunization, and safe delivery. A total of 1,182 women were interviewed who gave birth in 200 I were selected at random. Findings revealed significant household and regional differentials in the use of reproductive health services. The use of health services was much lower among the extreme poor than the non-poor and among the ethnic minorities in the hill and under-served than the other regions. While socioeconomic differentials in the utilization of health services by age, education, land ownership were noticeable, the use of services among women involved in NGO program was found significantly higher than those not similarly involved. Multivariate analysis identifies that older and illiterate women from the extreme poor households who lived in the traditionally under-served region and not involved in NGO-Ied development program were the most deprived and vulnerable groups in receiving reproductive health services. The probability to receive services. however, is likely to significantly increase after involving in NGO-Ied program. The study argues that targeted development intervention has the potential to significantly reduce both the socioeconomic and regional inequality in the utilization of reproductive health services in Bangladesh.
Socioeconomic and regional disparity in the utilization of reproductive health services in Bangladesh
(BRAC Research and Evaluation Division (RED), 2003) Hadi, Abdullahel; Gani, Md. Showkat
Although the health care system has significantly expanded in Bangladesh during the last two decades, the health status of the population has remained very poor because of the uneven distribution of services. Inequality in health exists in many forms and multiple dimensions such as age, sex, education, income, ethnicity, etc. Using data from a nationally representative sample, this study attempts to improve our understanding about the socioeconomic and regional disparity in the utilization of reproductive health services in Bangladesh. Data for this study came from the demographic and health surveillance system of BRAe which provided the updated information of the ownership of household asset and the use of reproductive health services. Socioeconomic disparity was measured by constructing a wealth index using compound assets and possessions of a set of household wealth. The surveillance areas were categorized into four regions as urban slum, rural under-served, other rural and the hill tracts. The utilization of reproductive health services was measured by the use of ante and postnatal care, maternal immunization coverage, and the use of safe delivery. A total of 1,182 randomly selected women, who gave birth in 200 I, were interviewed. Findings revealed significant socioeconomic and regional differentials in the use of reproductive health services. The use of services was much lower among the extreme poor than the non-poor and among the ethnic minorities in the hill and rural under-served than the other regions. The region specific inequalities, which were greater than the socioeconomic inequalities, may be reduced by expanding outreach health programs to bring services closer to the disadvantaged. The study concludes that much of these inequalities are social constructs that can be reduced by prioritizing the needs of the disadvantaged and adopting appropriate policy change options.