Browsing by Author "Fatima"

Filter results by typing the first few letters
Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    A Biometric Voting Solution: Integrating Face Recognition with Embedded Systems for Secure Offline Elections
    (2025-07-17) Apurbo, Tamim Hasan; Asif, Mahdi Hassan Noor; Alam, Farhana Jarin; Tafree, Fahima Tajmoon; Shihab, Efrath Hossion; Fatima; Alam, Sadman Shahriar
    This research presents the development of a secure, cost-effective, and offline-capable electronic voting system, specifically designed for rural and connectivity-limited areas, integrating face recognition with embedded hardware to ensure transparency, voter authenticity, and protection against electoral fraud. The system is designed for small-scale institutional elections and serves as a scalable prototype for larger democratic processes. Built using Python and OpenCV, the face recognition module employs the Local Binary Pattern Histogram (LBPH) method for efficient and accurate voter identification. During registration, facial images are captured via a standard webcam and preprocessed using grayscale conversion, histogram equalization, and Gaussian blurring to improve robustness under varied lighting conditions. These processed images are stored locally with unique voter IDs. During the voting phase, a live facial scan is matched against the stored dataset, and upon successful authentication, the voter is granted access to vote via an embedded system powered by Arduino Uno R3. The microcontroller communicates with peripheral components such as an LCD display, buzzers, and LEDs to provide intuitive real-time feedback to users. A clear block diagram and compact hardware layout ensure the system’s portability and ease of setup, making it suitable for practical deployment and demonstration purposes. Performance evaluations yielded a face detection rate of 98.1%, recognition accuracy of 94.6%, a false acceptance rate (FAR) of 2.1%, and a false rejection rate (FRR) of 3.3%, with an average prediction time of approximately 0.3 seconds—demonstrating its reliability and real-time feasibility. The methodology merges basic image processing techniques with embedded control to deliver a simple yet powerful solution for one-person-one-vote integrity. With no dependence on continuous internet connectivity, the system is particularly effective in rural or low-resource environments. Overall, this work establishes a practical and scalable foundation for future electronic voting systems that are transparent, secure, and trusted by voters.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    A Proportional Performance Investigation Route Relocation Amongthree Different Routing Protocols Using Opnet Simulation
    (East West University, 4/19/2018) Fatima; Alam, Samia Binte
    In today's real-world scenario, using multiple dynamic routing protocols for forwarding packets has become a normal job for the network administrators. Therefore, the route redistribution is an important issue in an enterprise network that has been configured by multiple different routing protocols in its routers. In this study, we analyze the performance of the combination of three routing protocols in each scenario and make a comparison among our scenarios. We have used the OPNET 17.5 simulator to create the two scenarios in this paper by selecting three different routing protocols from the distance vector and link state routing protocols in each scenario. In the first scenario, we have configured the network routers with EIGRP, IGRP, and OSPF that is named EIGRP_IGRP_OSPF in our simulation. Here EIGRP is used on the server side and OSPF is used on the client side. The OSPF_IGRP_ISIS scenario is a mixed from EIGRP, IGRP, and IS-IS protocols that is the second scenario and OSPF is used on the server side and ISIS is used on the client side. The third scenario is OSPF_IGRP_EIGRP that is the route redistribution among OSPF, IGRP, and IS-IS protocols and OSPF is used on the server side and EIGRP is used on the client side. The simulation results showed that the performance of the EIGRP_IGRP_ISIS scenario is better than the other scenarios in terms of network convergence time, throughput, video packet delay variation, and FTP download response time. In contrast, the OSPF_IGRP_ISIS has less voice packet delay variation, video conferencing and voice packet end-to-end delays, and queuing delay as compared with the two other scenarios. On the other hand, the performance of the OSPF_IGRP_EIGRP scenario has the better FTP upload response time, and voice jitter.